隨著全球經濟的發展，台灣的產業結構正受到工業化和資訊化的模式影響，且極端氣候異常、傳染病愈趨嚴重、農業人口外流、老化等問題，使得傳統農業逐漸式微並不得不進行轉型，借助資訊科技的輔助，提升企業整體的自主性與掌控能力。然而，由於農民普遍資訊素養低，往往導致轉型過程中常面臨許多困難。因此，農企業需要透過與外部組織建立起關係網絡，藉以獲取所需資源形成社會資本，在轉型的過程中加以運用以達成企業所訂定之不同的轉型目的。同時，農企業也會因為長時間與外部組織的互動交流，逐漸形成有別於過去傳統單一的混搭型組織。
本研究以個案研究的方式探討多個案公司如何藉由關係建立與社會資本取得，以突破固有困境與環境限制，借助外部組織之力量進行轉型提升企業整體自主性，以達成其不同目的，從而形成混搭型組織。
本研究以立瑞畜產、元進莊及凱馨實業作為主要研究對象，並以社會資本為觀點詳細分析多個案公司如何在農民普遍資訊素養低與諸多不可抗力之環境因素的驅動下進行轉型以提升農企業於不同面向之整體自主性。透過建立關係網絡，獲取所需社會資本，從而形成混搭型組織；本研究提出「農企業智慧轉型社會資本」之架構，作為其他農企業於轉型過程中之參考依據。

With the development of the global economy, Taiwan's industrial structure is being influenced by industrialization and digitization. Additionally, challenges such as extreme climate, worsening infectious diseases, agricultural population outflow, and aging have led to the gradual decline of traditional agriculture, and transformation is urgently needed to enhance the integrated autonomy and control capabilities of enterprises with the help of information technology. However, due to low information literacy among farmers, the transformation process often encounters difficulties. Therefore, agricultural enterprises need to establish relationships with external organizations to acquire necessary resources and gain social capital, which can be utilized during the transformation process to achieve various goals. Moreover, through prolonged interaction and communication with external organizations, agricultural enterprises gradually develop a hybrid organizational structure and logic distinct from traditional forms.
This study uses the method of case study to explore how multiple case companies break through the inherent difficulties and environmental constraints through relationship building and social capital acquisition. And gradually transform with the help of external organizations to enhance the integrated autonomy of the enterprise and achieve its different purpose, and then form a new type of hybrid organization.
The study focuses on three main cases: Leadray CO., YJCFOOD CO., and KAI SHING FOOD CORP. It analyzes in detail how these enterprises transform in response to the low information literacy of farmers and various environmental factors beyond their control, so as to enhance the integrated autonomy of agricultural enterprises. By establishing relationship networks and obtaining necessary social capital, the enterprises form a new type of hybrid organization. After analyzing these cases, this study proposes the framework of "Smart Transformation Social Capital for Agricultural Enterprises" as a reference for other agricultural enterprises in their transformation process.

中文部分
楊舒涵、楊智凱、葉有順 (2019)。智慧農業創造優質從農環境。塑造農業新典範，第326期，6-11。
林正木 (2010)。花蓮宜蘭地區農業訓練課程需求調查。花蓮區農業改良場研究彙報，(28), 77-92。
蕭瑞麟 (2018)。不用數字的研究 : 質性研究的思辯脈絡。五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
陳向明 (2002)。社会科學質的硏究。五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
朱澤民 (2017)。農林漁牧業普查報告。104 年. 第 3 卷, 農牧業報告(上冊)。行政院主計總處編，臺北市 : 主計總處。
李盼、余祁暐、陳志維 (2018)。家禽智農聯盟發展模式分析。農業生技產業季刊，動物&漁業，NO.54，40-46。
李秉璋 (2009)。養雞科學化 農業大轉型 專訪凱馨實業股份有限公司。農業生技產業季刊，動物與水產生技，NO.19，82-84。

英文部分
Adler, P. S., & Kwon, S. W. (2002). Social capital: Prospects for a new concept. Academy of management review, 27(1), 17-40.
Ayaz, M., Ammad-Uddin, M., Sharif, Z., Mansour, A., & Aggoune, E. H. M. (2019). Internet-of-Things (IoT)-based smart agriculture: Toward making the fields talk. IEEE access, 7, 129551-129583.
Babchuk, W. A. (1997). The rediscovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research in adult education. The University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
Baker, W. E. (1990). Market networks and corporate behavior. American journal of sociology, 96(3), 589-625.
Batagelj, V. (2003). Efficient algorithms for citation network analysis. University of Ljubljana, Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Mechanics Department ofTheoretical Computer Science, Preprint Series,41, 897.
Battilana, J. (2018). Cracking the organizational challenge of pursuing joint social and financial goals: Social enterprise as a laboratory to understand hybrid organizing. M@ n@ gement, 21(4), 1278-1305.
Battilana, J., & Lee, M. (2014). Advancing research on hybrid organizing–Insights from the study of social enterprises. Academy of Management Annals, 8(1), 397-441.
Battilana, J., & Lee, M. (2014). Advancing research on hybrid organizing–Insights from the study of social enterprises. Academy of Management Annals, 8(1), 397-441.
Behrens, S. J. (1994). A conceptual analysis and historical overview of information literacy. College & research libraries, 55(4), 309-322.
Bhupatiraju, S., Nomaler, Ö., Triulzi, G., & Verspagen, B. (2012). Knowledge flows–Analyzing the core literature of innovation, entrepreneurship and science and technology studies. Research policy, 41(7), 1205-1218.
Bryceson, K. P., & Slaughter, G. (2010). Alignment of performance metrics in a multi‐enterprise agribusiness: Achieving integrated autonomy?. International journal of productivity and performance management.
Bryceson, K. P., & Slaughter, G. (2010). Alignment of performance metrics in a multi‐enterprise agribusiness: Achieving integrated autonomy?. International journal of productivity and performance management.
Burt, R. S. (1995). Structural holes: The social structure of competition. Harvard university press.
Butterfield, F. (1982). China: Alive in the bitter sea (pp. 6-9). New York: Times Books.
Chou, T. C., Chen, J. R., & Pan, S. L. (2006). The impacts of social capital on information technology outsourcing decisions: A case study of a Taiwanese high-tech firm. International Journal of Information Management, 26(3), 249-256.
Coleman, J. S. (1988). Social capital in the creation of human capital. American journal of sociology, 94, S95-S120.
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research. Pearson Education, Inc.
Davies, J. (1994). Inactivation of antibiotics and the dissemination of resistance genes. Science, 264(5157), 375-382.
DiMaggio, P. (1997). Culture and cognition. Annual review of sociology, 23.
Dyer, J. H., & Singh, H. (1998). The relational view: Cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of management review, 23(4), 660-679.
Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Building theories from case study research. Academy of management review, 14(4), 532-550.
Fan, Y. (2002). Questioning guanxi: definition, classification and implications. International business review, 11(5), 543-561.
FAO (2020). The State of Food and Agriculture 2020. Overcoming water challenges in agriculture. Rome, 40-49.
Fock, H. K., & Woo, K. S. (1998). The China market: Strategic implications of guanxi. Business Strategy Review, 9(3), 33-43.
Fukuyama, F. (2000). Social capital and civil society. Available at SSRN 879582.
GORDON REDDING, S., & Ng, M. (1982). The role of face in the organizational perceptions of Chinese managers. Organization Studies The Hague, 3(3), 201-219.
Goulding, C. (1999). Grounded Theory: some reflections on paradigm, procedures and misconceptions.
Granovetter, M. S. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American journal of sociology, 78(6), 1360-1380.
Gümüsay, A. A., Smets, M., & Morris, T. (2020). “God at work”: Engaging central and incompatible institutional logics through elastic hybridity. Academy of Management Journal, 63(1), 124-154.
Hayami, Y., & Ruttan, V. W. (1971). Agricultural development: an international perspective. Baltimore, Md/London: The Johns Hopkins Press.
Hayami, Y., & Ruttan, V. W. (1971). Agricultural development: an international perspective. Baltimore, Md/London: The Johns Hopkins Press.
Hennink, M., Hutter, I., & Bailey, A. (2020). Qualitative research methods. Sage.
Huang, C. H., Chou, T. C., & Liu, J. S. (2021). The development of pandemic outbreak communication: A literature review from the response enactment perspective. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 19(4), 525-535.
Hummon, N. P., & Dereian, P. (1989). Connectivity in a citation network: The development of DNA theory. Social networks, 11(1), 39-63.
Hummon, N. P., & Dereian, P. (1989). Connectivity in a citation network: The development of DNA theory. Social Networks, 11(1), 39–63.
Hung, S.-C., Liu, J. S., Lu, L. Y., & Tseng, Y.-C. (2014). Technological change in lithium iron phosphate battery: The key-route main path analysis. Scientometrics, 100(1), 97–120.
Inkpen, A. C., & Tsang, E. W. (2005). Social capital, networks, and knowledge transfer. Academy of management review, 30(1), 146-165.
Jackall, R. (1988). Moral mazes: The world of corporate managers. International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society, 1, 598-614.
Levin, D. Z., & Cross, R. (2004). The strength of weak ties you can trust: The mediating role of trust in effective knowledge transfer. Management science, 50(11), 1477-1490.
Lin, N. (2002). Social capital: A theory of social structure and action (Vol. 19). Cambridge university press.
Liu, J. S., & Lu, L. Y. (2012). An integrated approach for main path analysis: Development of the Hirsch index as an example. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 63(3), 528-542.
Luo, H. T., & Chen, S. W. (1996). Phase equilibria of the ternary Ag-Cu-Ni system and the interfacial reactions in the Ag-Cu/Ni couples. Journal of materials science, 31, 5059-5067.
Luo, Y., & Chen, M. (1997). Does guanxi influence firm performance?. Asia Pacific journal of management, 14, 1-16.
Mashroofa, M. M., & Senevirathne, W. (2014). Influence of Information Literacy Skills in Accessing Agricultural Information: with special reference to paddy farmers of Ampara district, Sri Lanka.
Nahapiet, J., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage. Academy of management review, 23(2), 242-266.
Nooteboom, B. (1996). Trust, opportunism and governance: A process and control model. Organization studies, 17(6), 985-1010.
Pache, A. C., & Santos, F. (2013). Inside the hybrid organization: Selective coupling as a response to competing institutional logics. Academy of management journal, 56(4), 972-1001.
Phiri, A., Chipeta, G. T., & Chawinga, W. D. (2019). Information needs and barriers of rural smallholder farmers in developing countries: A case study of rural smallholder farmers in Malawi. Information Development, 35(3), 421–434.
Putnam, R. (1993). The prosperous community: Social capital and public life. The american, 4.
Putnam, R. D. (1995). Tuning in, tuning out: The strange disappearance of social capital in America. PS: Political science & politics, 28(4), 664-683.
Ring, P. S., & Van de Ven, A. H. (1992). Structuring cooperative relationships between organizations. Strategic management journal, 13(7), 483-498.
Skelcher, C., & Smith, S. R. (2017). New development: Performance promises and pitfalls in hybrid organizations—five challenges for managers and researchers. Public Money & Management, 37(6), 425-430.
Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. M. (1997). Grounded theory in practice. Sage.
Subramaniam, M., & Youndt, M. A. (2005). The influence of intellectual capital on the types of innovative capabilities. Academy of Management journal, 48(3), 450-463.
Tekinerdogan, B. (2018). Strategies for technological innovation in Agriculture 4.0. Wageningen University: Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Tellis, W. (1997). Introduction to case study. The qualitative report, 3(2), 1-14.
Tracey, P., Phillips, N., & Jarvis, O. (2011). Bridging institutional entrepreneurship and the creation of new organizational forms: A multilevel model. Organization science, 22(1), 60-80.
Tsai, W., & Ghoshal, S. (1998). Social capital and value creation: The role of intrafirm networks. Academy of management Journal, 41(4), 464-476.
Tsang, E. W. (1998). Can guanxi be a source of sustained competitive advantage for doing business in China?. Academy of Management Perspectives, 12(2), 64-73.
Williams, C. (2007). Research methods. Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER), 5(3).
Wolfert, S., Ge, L., Verdouw, C., & Bogaardt, M. J. (2017). Big data in smart farming–a review. Agricultural systems, 153, 69-80.
Yeung, I. Y., & Tung, R. L. (1996). Achieving business success in Confucian societies: The importance of guanxi (connections). Organizational dynamics, 25(2), 54-65.
Yin, R. K. (1984). Case study research.
Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods (Vol. 5). sage.
Yli‐Renko, H., Autio, E., & Sapienza, H. J. (2001). Social capital, knowledge acquisition, and knowledge exploitation in young technology‐based firms. Strategic management journal, 22(6‐7), 587-613.
Zhai, Z., Martínez, J. F., Beltran, V., & Martínez, N. L. (2020). Decision support systems for agriculture 4.0: Survey and challenges. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 170, 105256.

網路部分
科技農企業資訊網(2023)。立瑞畜產有限公司【104年度輔導廠商】。科技農企業資訊網。檢自：https://www.agribiz.tw/commend1_storypage.php?type=2&commend_id=268
中央社訊息平台(2022)。「Eat Good G 食好雞 雲科大提供負責任生產解方」。中央社訊息平台。檢自：https://www.cna.com.tw/postwrite/chi/321491
徐谷楨(2017)。國產智能雞舍誕生 養雞專家立瑞帶頭採用。經濟日報。檢自：https://money.udn.com/money/story/5635/2791517
科技農企業資訊網(2023)。元進莊企業股份有限公司【103年度輔導廠商】。科技農企業資訊網。檢自： https://www.agribiz.tw/commend1_storypage.php?type=2&commend_id=253
行政院智慧農業官網(2019)。[家禽]元進莊企業戰情室 傳產營運智慧轉型。行政院智慧農業官網。檢自： https://www.intelligentagri.com.tw/xmdoc/cont?xsmsid=0M068494699869345634&sid=0M084509929158074530
SHOPLINE電商教室(2019)。【開店成功案例】從傳統代工廠到品牌電商：元進莊與網紅合作的轉型之路。SHOPLINE電商教室。檢自： https://blog.shopline.tw/merchant-showcase-yuanjinchuang/
我是角色(2018)。網產學強強聯手 鴨尖兵展現實力 生態滴雞精改寫雞精市udn部落格。檢自：https://blog.udn.com/StunnahTaiwan/110064543
林麗娟(2015)。雲林養鴨人家 兩個關鍵年孵五億。今周刊。檢自： https://www.businesstoday.com.tw/article/category/154686/post/201511200034/
農傳媒(2021)。【未來農業系列】 臺灣G霸「元進莊」大數據管理 養殖場成功轉型品牌電商。農傳媒。檢自： https://www.agriharvest.tw/archives/59939
行政院智慧農業官網(2019)。凱馨實業股份有限公司【100年度輔導廠商】。行政院智慧農業官網。檢自： https://www.agribiz.tw/commend1_storypage.php?type=2&commend_id=163
余世芳(2016)。有堅強的理念 才能逼自己進步 凱馨桂土雞的品種研發之路。農業知識入口網。檢自：https://kmweb.coa.gov.tw/theme_data.php?theme=news&sub_theme=quality_farmer&id=51787
溫怡玲(2022)。賣雞也要經營IP，凱馨實業的經營奇「雞」。台灣產業創生平台 。檢自：https://www.tw-ren.com/renaissance/654
凱馨實業官網(2023)。何謂生產管理追溯系統。凱欣實業官網。檢自：https://www.gugugoo.com/resume.html
余世芳(2010)。臺灣土雞王 引領飲食文化革命 凱馨實業。農業知識入口網。檢自：https://kmweb.coa.gov.tw/theme_data.php?theme=news&sub_theme=quality_farmer&id=57885
行政院農業委員會農業科技專案計畫服務網(2015)。副產物加值利用 凱馨實業股份有限公司。行政院農業委員會農業科技專案計畫服務網。檢自：https://agtech.coa.gov.tw/Topic/topic_more?id=2bcd7aafac8a4d53acf700129c1e0d2e
陶曉嫚(2012)。廢物變黃金！凱馨400倍獲利「雞」密。工業技術與資訊月刊，08, 24-27。檢自： https://www.itri.org.tw/ListStyle.aspx?DisplayStyle=18_content&SiteID=1&MmmID=1036452026061075714&MGID=621022522404304472
溫怡玲(2021)。我曾以為這沒前途⋯養雞場二代，如何搶進星級餐廳、打造「萬元金雞」。商業週刊，管理好書解讀。檢自：https://www.businessweekly.com.tw/management/blog/3008613
萬年生(2020)。拚升級》凱馨聯手串燒大亨 打造土雞「一條龍王國」一隻雞賣萬元 兩個台灣雞王亞洲進擊記。今周刊, 1242期。檢自： https://www.businesstoday.com.tw/article/category/183034/post/202010070029/
萬年生(2010)。凱馨要替台灣土雞打品牌。中時新聞網。檢自 : https://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20100205001047-260301?chdtv
黃日燦(2021)。把雞肉當和牛賣！養雞場二代如何扭轉虧損，打入米其林餐廳、進軍全球？。經理人報導。檢自 : https://www.managertoday.com.tw/books/view/64361?utm_source=copyshare
鄧學凱(2020)。轉型奇「雞」！翻轉經營思維之路。WorkFace Taipei。檢自 : https://www.accupass.com/event/2008050329282197947950