本論文共分為三個部份；首先介紹光纖光柵製作，從光纖光柵的曝光、退火機制、波長微調技術、溫度補償技術到封裝程序。目前自製的光纖光柵之反射率可達99.0% - 99.9%，3 dB頻寬約為0.25 nm。利用溫度補償的技術，將光纖光柵的溫度飄移係數由8.9 降至0.6 pm/oC。接著介紹環形共振腔式光纖雷射及線性共振腔式光纖雷射，前者架構使用40mW的泵激光源，3公尺的摻鉺光纖，得到雷射輸出功率為4.44 dBm，旁模抑制比為66.89 dB，3dB線寬為0.07 nm，泵激光源轉換效率為13 %；而線性共振腔式光纖雷射架構使用40mW的泵激光源，1.9公尺的摻鉺光纖可得到的雷射輸出功率為6.91dBm，旁模抑制比為53.23dB，3dB線寬為0.045nm，泵激光源轉換效率為40 %。最後，利用波長可調光纖光柵研製波長可調光纖雷射，其波長可調範圍為31 nm，輸出功率為0 dBm，功率變動為1 dB，線寬為0.05nm，訊號對雜訊比為60 dB，波長調整解析度為0.3 nm。利用環型光纖雷射架構作為光纖感測器之光源，經過解調機制，溫度、壓縮及拉伸應變的感測靈敏度分別可達到0.03 pm/oC 、0.06 pm/100pm 及0.23 pm/100pm ，與現行文獻的傳輸品質相當，且具有提升光纖感測量測距離之優點。

In this thesis, we introduce the fabrication process of fiber Bragg gratings (FBG). The methods include light exposure, annealing, wavelength fine tuning, thermal compensation and package process. The reflectivity and 3dB band-width of home-made FBGs are above 99% and 0.25 nm, respectively. Via annealing process, the temperature coefficient of FBG is reduced from 8.9 to 0.6 pm/oC.The second part is to introduce both the ring and linear cavity erbium doped fiber lasers. In the ring cavity fiber laser, the output power, side mode suppression ratio, 3 dB line-width and power transfer efficiency are 4.44 dBm, 66.89 dB, 0.07 nm and 13 %, respectively, under the optimum conditions of 40 mW pump power and 3 meters of EDF; In the linear cavity fiber laser, the output power, side mode suppression ratio, 3 dB line width and power transfer efficiency are 6.91dBm, 53.23dB, 0.045nm and 40 %, respectively, under the optimum conditions of 40 mW pump power and 1.9 meters of EDF. Finally, a wavelength tunable fiber laser is investigated based on wavelength tunable FBG. The tunable range, laser output power, power variation, 3 dB line-width, signal to noise ratio and tuning resolution are 31 nm, 0 dBm, 1 dB, 0.05nm, 60 dB and 0.3 nm, respectively. The tunable laser is used in a sensing system as a light source for parameters sensing. After de-modulate process, the parameters of temperature, pressure, and tension sensitivity are 0.03 pm/oC, 0.06 pm/100pm and 0.23 pm/100pm, respectively. Besides the performance is not inferior to prior works, it has the merit to allow longer distance sensing thanks to larger signal power of the fiber laser.

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