本研究為開發可通過太陽能促進海水蒸發而淨化出淡水之複合材料海綿。在研究中，我們混摻不同比例的多壁奈米碳管(Multi-wall Carbon Nanotube, MWCNT)、(3-縮水甘油氧基丙基)三甲氧基矽烷((3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane, GOPS)、聚乙二醇(Poly Ethylene Oxide, PEO)於聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)：聚(苯乙烯磺酸)(Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate, PEDOT：PSS)水溶液中，並利用可程式化的冷凍乾燥製程及熱交聯反應以製備具高吸水、耐水性及高效光熱轉換的複合材料海綿。
材料分析方面，我們通過觀察(1)海綿對吸收去離子水、海水、磷酸鹽緩衝生理食鹽水(Phosphate Buffered Saline, PBS)之溶脹率，及使用水接觸角量測儀觀察其吸水及親水特性；透過(2)掃描電子顯微鏡(Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM)分析不同添加物比例對材料孔洞的微結構型態影響；使用(3)電熱偶溫度計(thermocouple meter)測量各樣本之熱輻射發射係數(emissivity)進而計算在蒸發實驗過程中造成的熱損失；利用(4)壓汞式孔隙分析儀(mercury porosimeter)測量各材料海綿之總孔體積、總孔面積、孔隙度與孔徑分佈，並使用液體置換法測量海綿骨架的密度和孔隙率；以(5)紅外線顯像儀(infrared thermograph)觀察模擬太陽光(1個太陽光強度)照射一小時後之乾燥海綿溫度，再紀錄表面輻射溫度，並分析其升溫速度與可達到的最高溫，以比較光熱轉換效率；以(6)傅立葉轉換紅外光譜(FTIR)對海綿樣本進行化學組成鑑度；使用(7)標準MTT測試對海綿進行細胞貼附及生物相容性分析以評估後續對生物的影響。
由介面太陽能水淨化的效能評估，我們發現C1G1P1複合材料海綿表現優化的水蒸發率為1.04 kgm-2h-1及太陽能轉換至蒸氣效率為70.8%。另外，分析其對海水淡化後的鈉離子(Na+)、鉀離子(K+)、鈣離子(Ca2+)及鎂離子(Mg2+)含量皆減少超過99.69%以上。此C1G1P1海綿被發現具有對水中的亞甲藍(methylene blue, MB)移除率在2小時吸附實驗中可達80%及對甲基橙(methyl orange, MO)移除率為28%，代表本PEDOT：PSS複合材料海綿裝置除了能淡化海水工飲用水使用外，還可淨化被染料汙染的水質。由於PEDOT：PSS材料本身具有導電及優異電化學特性，將來極具潛力應用已提供水質檢測的外加功能性領域。

This research is to develop a composite sponge that can purify fresh water by promoting the evaporation of seawater by solar energy. In our study, we blended different ratios of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), (3-glycidoxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GOPS), polyethylene glycol (PEO) in poly(3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT:PSS) aqueous solution, and using programmable freeze-drying process and thermal crosslinking reaction to prepare high water absorption, water resistance and efficient photothermal conversion. Composite sponge.
In terms of material analysis, we observed (1) the swelling rate of the sponge to absorb deionized water, seawater, and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and used a water contact angle meter to observe its water absorption and hydrophilic properties; through (2) ) Scanning electron microscope (SEM) to analyze the effect of different additive ratios on the microstructure of material pores; (3) Thermocouple meter was used to measure the thermal radiation emission coefficient (emissivity) of each sample and then calculate the evaporation experiment process. (4) Mercury porosimeter was used to measure the total pore volume, total pore area, porosity and pore size distribution of each material sponge, and the density and pore size of the sponge skeleton were measured by liquid displacement method. Porosity; use (5) an infrared thermograph to observe the temperature of the dried sponge after irradiating simulated sunlight (1 sunlight intensity) for one hour, and then record the surface radiation temperature, and analyze the heating rate and the achievable temperature. Maximum temperature to compare photothermal conversion efficiency; chemical composition identification of sponge samples by (6) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); sponge cell attachment and biocompatibility analysis using (7) standard MTT test to evaluate Subsequent effects on organisms.
From the performance evaluation of interfacial solar water purification, we found that the C1G1P1 composite sponge exhibited an optimized water evaporation rate of 1.04 kg m-2 h-1 and a solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency of 70.8%. In addition, it was analyzed that the content of sodium ions (Na+), potassium ions (K+), calcium ions (Ca2+) and magnesium ions (Mg2+) after seawater desalination were reduced by more than 99.69%. The C1G1P1 sponge was found to have a removal rate of 80% for methylene blue (MB) in water and 28% for methyl orange (MO) in a 2-hour adsorption experiment, representing This PEDOT:PSS composite sponge device can not only desalinate drinking water in seawater, but also purify the water polluted by dyes. Since PEDOT:PSS material itself has electrical conductivity and excellent electrochemical properties, it has great potential to be applied in the additional functional fields that have provided water quality detection in the future.

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