本研究主要探討微型凹面光柵的曲面計算，及縮小尺寸的光學特性。並針對入、出射臂長的改變，造成光柵像差的解析度、焦點位置及聚焦縱深的範圍變化做為研究目的。
在設計方面，使用matlab軟體優化光柵的像差函數，使光柵像差所造成的解析度降低，其中優化方法包含最小平方法及Nelder-Mead單體法，利用優化後之參數求得微型光柵的曲面及間距。而本光柵除了設計於子午(meridional)之非球面聚焦功能外，尚未包含緯線弧矢(sagittal focus)能力。
使用計算出的微型光柵在光學軟體Tracepro上建立光柵模型，進行模擬其光學特性，由偵測器上所接收到的強度分佈數據來計算各優化結果的解析度和聚焦縱深，並尋找解析度最佳值及觀察各別聚焦縱深的範圍和是否能擺入線性偵測器。

This study investigates the curvature of micro-concave grating , and the optical properties by reducing the grating’s size. Our purpose is the variation of the aberration’s resolution , the focus point and the depth of focus by the decreasing the incident length and the exiting length. Optimize the function of aberration by Matlab, which the optimizing methods includes Least Squares and Nelder-Mead method. The obtaining the micro-grating surface and the spacing by the optimized parameters. The optical element provides meridional aspheric focusing for abnormal incident light beam.
Analyze the resolutions and the depth of focus by simulating data. Compare those resolutions to find the best result. Whether observing the depth of focus can post the linear detector.

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