簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 林仁基
Jen-Chi Lin
論文名稱: 污水下水道系統維護用CCTV檢視設備之研發
Research and Development of CCTV Surveying Equipments for Sewage Sewer System Maintainess
指導教授: 黃佑民
You-Min Huang
口試委員: 林榮慶
Zone-Ching Lin
許覺良
Chaug-Liang Hsu
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 機械工程系
Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年: 2012
畢業學年度: 100
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 101
中文關鍵詞: 污水下水道管線。機器人CCTV檢視車影像系統
外文關鍵詞: sewage pipeline, robot, closed circuit television view vehicle, imaging system
相關次數: 點閱:172下載:4
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報
  • 摘 要
    目前台灣的電力及自來水普及率已接近100%,惟獨下水道系統仍不十分完善,除了北、高二市外,其他地區污水下水道普及率不及三成。為了改善目前下水道不足之問題,各地方政府正加緊建設轄區的污水下水道設施,希望逐年提升全國污水下水道系統之普及率。然而在全面性建構下水道系統之同時,部分已使用之老舊管線,必須在固定的間隔時間內作管線的例行檢視。
    由於管線內部空間狹小,為瞭解污水下水道管線系統的損壞情況,及利於進行管線修復,故要先對污水下水道管線作檢查,而檢查方式一般以管內閉路電視系統(closed circuit television,CCTV)為現行最主要的方式。
    現今國內下水道檢視進行方式乃以單一管段(兩人孔距離)為檢視單位,且在污水管線管徑在800mm以下,人員無法直接進入管內做目視檢查時,就藉重CCTV檢視車系統來檢視污水管線;由於CCTV檢視車影像傳輸部分係採用含護膜多芯電纜,且該電纜同時亦可提供檢視車的動力及訊號控制之用,能快速將影像傳遞至監控螢幕系統,同時有效率的顯示出管線損壞的狀況與位置,再依此資訊進行下水道管線的局部修補或管線置換,除降低因管線損壞而造成居民的不便及對環境之衝擊,也可減少污水管線管維護的成本。
    本研究希冀利用結合現今機器人產業,對於CCTV檢視設備使用的影像系統改良、檢視機器人驅動機構、尺寸,以及調查紀錄後續應用等做逐步階段之研究與發展,期提升污水下水道管線維護之技術水平。


    Abstract
    Currently Taiwan’s electricity and tap water penetration rate has been close to one hundred percent, but only sewer system is still not perfect. Except for Taipei City and Kaohsiung City, other area’s sewer system penetration rate is under thirty percent. In order to improve the problem of the sewer is insufficient, local governments are stepping up to construct sewage facilities, and hope to enhance the penetration rate of the sewage system year by year. However, when constructing comprehensive sewer system, some of the old pipeline must be viewed routine in a period of time.
    Because pipeline internal space is small, closed circuit television (CCTV) is the current main inspecting way to understand the damage of sewage pipeline system and conduct repairing conduction pipeline.
    Nowadays, domestic sewer view is conducted by inspection unit of a single tube segment (the distance of two manholes), and the staff can not directly go into the tube to do a visual inspection in the sewage pipe diameter under 1200 mm. Therefore, CCTV view vehicle system is a way to inspect the sewage pipeline. Because the image transmission part of CCTV view vehicle system adopt including retaining membrane multi-core cable, and the cable can also view the vehicle driving power and the use of signal control. It can quickly pass the image to the monitor screen system; meanwhile efficiently show the location of pipeline damage. According to the information, the staff can repair or replace sewer pipeline. In addition to reduce pipeline damage causing the incontinence of the residents and the impact on the environment and it also reduce costs of sewage pipeline maintenance.
    Nowadays this project wants to use robot industry, and to improve phantom system of CCTV inspecting equipment, to inspect robot driving mechanism and size, to search application of record, and other stages of research and development. Hoping promote technology standard of sewage sewer line pipe maintaining.

    目 錄 碩士學位論文指導教授推薦書……………………………………Ⅰ 碩士學位考試委員審定書…………………………………………Ⅱ 摘 要………………………………………………………………Ⅲ Abstract……………………………………………………………Ⅳ 誌 謝………………………………………………………………Ⅵ 目 錄………………………………………………………………Ⅶ 圖目錄………………………………………………………………Ⅹ 表目錄………………………………………………………………ⅩⅡ 符號說明……………………………………………………………ⅩⅢ 第壹章 緒論………………………………………………………1 1.1 前言……………………………………………………………1 1.2 研究動機………………………………………………………1 1.3 研究範圍與研究目的…………………………………………2 1.4 論文架構與研究流程…………………………………………3 第貳章 文獻回顧…………………………………………………5 2.1 台灣下水道建設沿革…………………………………………5 2.1.1 光復前之下水道建設………………………………………6 2.1.2 光復後之下水道建設………………………………………7 2.2 污水下水道發展方案及建設計畫……………………………7 2.3 污水下水道系統及組成………………………………………8 2.3.1 污水下水道組成……………………………………………9 2.4 污水下水道系統之維護管理…………………………………9 2.4.1 管線的維護管理……………………………………………9 2.4.2 管線維護管理目的…………………………………………10 2.4.3 管線檢查作業………………………………………………10 2.4.3.1.管徑內部檢查作業流程圖………………………………11 2.4.3.2.管線系統檢查期程………………………………………12 2.4.3.3.管徑內部檢查方式………………………………………13 2.5 下水道CCTV檢視技術發展簡述(智慧型機器人)……………14 2.5.1 下水道使用CCTV檢視技術的目的…………………………15 2.6 CCTV檢視技術…………………………………………………16 2.6.1 國內外CCTV機構設計現況及缺點……………………16 第參章 CCTV檢視車之設計與規格………………………………18 3.1 CCTV檢視車設計之構想………………………………………18 3.1.1 CCTV檢視車傳動機構之設計…………………………19 3.1.2 CCTV檢視車防水機構之設計…………………………19 3.2 車體設計………………………………………………………21 3.2.1 車體結構……………………………………………………21 3.2.2 車體材料選擇原理…………………………………………29 3.2.2.1 材料的腐蝕防止…………………………………………30 3.2.2.2 材料磨耗防止……………………………………………32 3.2.3 車體材料……………………………………………………33 3.2.3.1.鑄鐵(cast iron)………………………………………33 3.2.3.2.不銹鋼(stainless steel)……………………………34 3.2.3.3.鋁合金……………………………………………………34 3.3 CCTV檢視車傳動部份…………………………………………35 3.3.1 高扭力傳動馬達與減速機速比之選擇分析………………35 3.3.2 機械負荷和應力分析………………………………………36 3.4 CCTV檢視車設備規格擬定……………………………………55 3.4.1 設備規範……………………………………………………55 3.4.2 設備零件規格………………………………………………56 3.4.3 設備性能……………………………………………………57 第肆章 CCTV檢視車機構整合與測試……………………………59 4.1 CCTV檢視設備整合……………………………………………59 4.1.1 攝影鏡頭、攝影裝置部分…………………………………59 4.1.2 CCTV檢視車部份……………………………………………62 4.1.3 控制設備與自動排線捲線機組……………………………68 4.2 實際測試操作…………………………………………………69 4.2.1 系統操作說明………………………………………………70 4.2.2 CCTV操作順序………………………………………………71 4.2.3 管徑內異常狀況分類………………………………………72 4.2.4 CCTV檢視車實際測試狀況…………………………………74 4.3 總結……………………………………………………………76 4.3.1 本研發CCTV檢視車的概況…………………………………77 第伍章 結論與建議………………………………………………79 5.1 結論……………………………………………………………79 5.2 建議……………………………………………………………80 參考文獻……………………………………………………………81 作者簡介……………………………………………………………84

    參 考 文 獻
    1、 於望聖,黃文彥,下水道誌本文篇,內政部營建署,2011。
    2、 沈頌文,實用齒輪設計法,南台圖書公司,1990。
    3、 龔肇鑄,機械加工法,東華書局股份有限公司,1985。
    4、 Hornberger.Spotts.Shoup, Design of Machine Elements ,8th ed.,譯者:吳嘉祥,林震,陳源豐,簡守謙,張振龍,劉啟昌,劉興華,機械元件設計,高立圖書有限公司,2006。
    5、 Shigley/Mitchell,Mechanical Engineering Design,譯者:黃俊雯,機械設計,科技圖書股份有限公司,1992。
    6、 呂璞石,黃振賢,金屬材料,文京圖書有限公司,1981。
    7、 小栗富士雄,小栗達男,張兆豐,標準機械設計圖表便覽,臺隆書店,1992。
    8、 江黎明,臺北市污水下水道系統檢查品質管理,中央大學土研所,2000.12。
    9、 中村益美教授,翻譯者:仲徠企業有限公司,下水道管路維護管理施工技術與工法,日本下水道事業團研修部,1994.02。
    10、歐陽嶠暉教授,下水道工程學,中央大學環工所。
    11、AGMA Standard 2005-B88, Design Manual for Bevel Gears, the American Gear Manufacturers Association, printing, October 1990.
    12、AGMA Standard 2003-A86, Rating the Pitting Resistance and Bending Strength of Generated Straight Bevel, Zerol® Bevel, and Spiral Bevel Gear Teeth, the American Gear Manufactures Association, Reedited copy, June 1988.
    13、AGMA Standard 6034-B92, Practice for Enclosed Cylindrical Wormgear Speed Reducers and Gearmotors, the American Gear Manufactures Association, 1992.
    14、AGMA Standard 6022-C93, Design Manual for Cylindrical Wormgearing, the American Gear Manufactures Association, 1993.
    15、Load Ratings and Fatigue Life for Ball Bearings, The Anti-Friction Bearing Manufacturers Association, Inc., 1979.
    16、Allan, R. K., Rolling Bearings, Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons Ltd., 1945.
    17、Bearings Reference Issue Machine Design, 42, June 18, 1970.
    18、Buckingham, E., Analytical Mechanics of Gears, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1949.
    19、Buckingham, E., Spur Gears, New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1928.
    20、Dudley, D.W., Ed., Gear Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1962.
    21、Dudley, D. W., Practical Gear Design, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1954.
    22、Proc. Int. Conf. Gearing, England: Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1958.
    23、Right and Wrong of Hob Sharpening, Illinois Tool Works 1942.
    24、Rothbart, H.A., Ed., Mechanical Design and Systems Handbook, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1964, Dection 32.
    25、Spotts, M.F., Mechanical Design Analysis, N.J: Prentice-Hall, inc., 1964.
    26、Bullens, D.K., Steel and Its Heat Treatment, Vol. I, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1948.
    27、Bullens, D.K., Steel and Its Heat Treatment, Vol. III, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1949.
    28、Dieter, G. E., Mechanical Metallurgy, 2d ed. McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1976.
    29、Evans, U. R., Corrosion and Oxidation Of Metals, Edward Arnold (Publishers) Ltd., 1960.
    30、Fontana,M. G., and N. D. Greene, Corrosion Engineering, 2d ed. McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1978.
    31、Heyer, R. H., Engineering Physical Metallurgy, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, 1978.
    32、Holloman, J. H., and L. D. Jaffe, Ferrous Metallurgical Design, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1947.
    33、Metals, Reference Issue, Machine Design.
    34、Metals Handbook, Vol. 1, Properties and Selection Of Metals, American Society for Metals, 1961.
    35、Metals Handbook, Vol. 2, Heat Treating, Cleaning, and Finishing, American Society for Metals, 1964.

    QR CODE