摘要
近年來，電力電子逐漸由類比控制方式趨向數位控制方式。本文將以數位電源的控制做為主軸，比較傳統數位控制器以及加入模糊控制之數位控制器在直流/直流降壓式轉換器，操作於連續導通模式與非連續導通模式下之暫態特性。本文所實現之數位控制器使用現場可程式規劃閘陣列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)為主體，以硬體描述語言(VHSIC Hardware Description Language，VHDL)撰寫控制程式，將類比電路數位化。由於傳統控制多以比例積分控制器為主，其優點為設計方式簡單、具可靠性和穩定性高。然而，在受控體數學模型不易推導或受控體為非線性系統時，比例積分控制器在控制特性上效果不彰。因此，本文將模糊控制方式應用於非線性系統上，並比較傳統數位比例積分控制器與模糊比例積分控制器暫態特性。為了避免模糊控制器程式計算時間過長，導致控制性能不佳，本文以數學公式型模糊比例積分控制器，將模糊化、規則庫、解模糊化之流程簡化，利用MATLAB/SIMULINK模擬其特性，取代傳統模糊比例積分控制器，並利用FPGA計算速度快之特性，加入高階之數位濾波器以降低電路開關雜訊及干擾。最後，利用完成之控制器於直流/直流降壓式轉換器並比較控制器之特性。

For years, power supplies have been designed using analog circuit design techniques. However, an area gaining significant industry attention today is the application of digital technology to power supply control. In this thesis, two digital control methods for DC/DC converters are implemented and tested. The hardware and firmware parts of the proposed system are described in detail. The power converter utilized in this thesis is a simple buck converter, and the digital controller is implemented using a FPGA from Xilinx corp.
For DC/DC converter control, the PI controller is popular because it’s simple and it provides good performance in most systems. However, their performance will be deteriorated if the controlled system becomes nonlinear. Fuzzy PI controllers are generally superior to the conventional ones, particularly for higher-order, time-delayed, and nonlinear systems. However, their design methods are slightly more advanced and their resulting formulas are somewhat more complicated. In this thesis, a formula-type fuzzy PI controller is presented. It can be seen that although the presented fuzzy PI controllers are designed by fuzzy mathematics, their final form are conventional controllers. Therefore, they can be used to directly replace the conventional ones in applications and can be easily implemented. In this thesis, these two classes of PI controllers are compared and their advantages as well as limitations are also discussed in detail. Simulation and experimental results are provided to verify the correctness of the proposed system.

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