隨著醫療衛生的進步與發展，抗生素在我們生活中扮演著非常重要的角色。然而，由於氾濫的使用，如何去有效地處理水資源中抗生素的殘留便成為一個值得探討的議題。除此之外，自19世紀工業革命以來，人類對於能源消耗的需求逐漸增大，主要仰賴於石油、煤炭、天然氣等化石燃料。然而，化石燃料具有排放二氧化碳造成空氣污染和能源枯竭等問題。作為替代能源之一的氫能，具有無毒性、高能量密度以及高豐富資源性等特性使其成為最具有潛能的替代能源之一。綜合以上兩項議題，考量到成本、能源消耗以及對環境友善等特性，本研究選擇使用光催化法同時應用於降解四環黴素以及產氫兩大環境與能源的問題。
石墨型氮化碳具有高豐富資源性、無毒性、高化學穩定性以及使用可見光的能力使它成為光觸媒領域備受關注的焦點。近年，不同碳氮比例的石墨型氮化碳g-C3N4, C3N5與C3N6陸續地被發表於文獻中，並應用於各種光催化領域。這些石墨型氮化碳具有不同的碳氮結構，可能產生不一樣的光催化活性。因此，本研究即是透過前聚物法，分別將其三種不同的前驅物(Melamine, 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole, 5-amino-1H-tetrazole)進行二次鍛燒合成奈米結構之石墨型氮化碳。另外，本研究亦將三種前驅物互相混合製備新穎材料，期望產生結構不同的石墨型氮化碳以提升材料的光催化活性。
結果表明，由前驅物3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole所合成的材料具有最強的共軛作用力、最佳的電流效應。但是，由於其穩定的電子結構，不易將電子激發至材料表面。前驅物5-amino-1H-tetrazole所合成的石墨型氮化碳則是因為存在大量的缺陷點而具有最強的吸光性質，但不穩定且複雜的能帶結構依舊相當程度地限制其光催化活性。因此，透過前驅物Melamine所合成的樣品具有較高的比表面積以及較為合適的化學結構，在光催化降解四環黴素與產氫實驗中都能展現出較佳的效率。除此之外，我們所合成的新穎材料，結合了三種石墨型氮化碳的特性。於降解實驗中展現良好的發展潛能。然而，在產氫實驗中卻受限於價帶的氧化電位，效果受到顯著地抑制。

With the development of medical industry, antibiotics have played important roles in our life. Being one of the most widely used antibiotics, tetracycline has the formidable ability of bacteriostasis. It is urgent to deal with the residue of tetracycline in the discharged wastewater. Furthermore, since the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, human demand for energy consumption has been gradually increasing, mainly relying on fossil fuels such as oil, coal, and natural gas. However, fossil fuels cause some problems such as emissions of carbon dioxide, air pollution, and energy depletion. Hydrogen has the characteristics properties of emission-free, high energy density, and high resource abundance, making it one of the most potential alternative energies. Solar-irradiated photocatalysis is extensively explored to decompose contaminator and produce hydrogen energy.
Among different photocatalysts, graphitic carbon nitride is a promising visible light-driven material with the advantages of earth-abundance nature, nontoxicity, chemical stability. In our study, the three various precursors including Melamine, 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole and 5-amino-1H-tetrazole corresponding to g-C3N4, C3N5, and C3N6 to synthesize carbon nitride was controlled for structural engineering. Our results indicated that the sample synthesized from 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole exhibits the high conjugation and the enhanced electronic current density. However, due to its stable electronic structure, it is difficult to excite electrons to the surface of the material. The material prepared from 5-amino-1H-tetrazole, on the other hand, has the strongest light absorption due to large amount of defect sites. Nevertheless, its unstable and complex band structure still significantly limits its photocatalytic activity. Therefore, the graphitic carbon nitride calcined from melamine with relatively suitable chemical structure and higher specific surface area exhibits better efficiency in both photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline and hydrogen evolution. Interestingly, the novel material synthesized by the mixture of three precursors in this study displays the characteristic properties of three graphitic carbon nitrides and shows great potential for degradation experiments. Even so, its performance is still obviously limited by the oxidation potential of the valence band in hydrogen evolution applications.

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