由於結構修改，構成材料吸收能量的能力可能會有所不同。本研究利用熔融沉積成型 (fusion deposition modelling, FDM)製造碳有機框架啟發的晶格超材料結構(carbon organic framework-inspired lattice metamaterials structures, CFLM)進行結構影響分析。結構製造中使用了聚乳酸(PLA)和丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)。在靜態壓縮下，對結構的特定能量吸收進行了測試分析。使用正弦位移在靜態測試結果中找到的最佳結構進行動態壓縮計算了Tan(δ)、滯後功和動態彈性恢復(DER)。根據測試結果，表面結構產生了最佳的DER，而以彎曲為主的結構吸收了最多的能量。結構S3由於純晶格層壓垮而破壞，並吸收了最高的特定能量15.16 J/g，S3還顯示出第一峰值的特徵強度和相對模數分別為0.40 MPa/g和267.84 MPa，這是所有結構中最高的。儘管材料不同，但列印層在負載下的脫層(delamination)降低了結構的性能。
當比較是用軟和硬聚合物於列印圓柱形結構時，由於兩種材料的圓柱具有相同的晶格結構，它們顯示出相似的壓縮致密化應變。結構的壓縮特性和破壞模式取決於材料的層間黏著。儘管TPEE由於孔連接處的壓縮破裂而破壞，相對地PLA結構的晶格孔脫層剝離則為主要破壞機制。晶格結構主宰了Tan δ和動態彈性恢復（DER）的結果。
為進一步分析結構效應，使用從未在公開文獻中報導過的熱塑性聚酯彈性體（TPEE）製造的CFLMs（S1、S2、S3和SS）。並使用有限元素分析法（FEM）來確認機械特性、致密化應變和靜態壓縮測試的能量吸收。靜態壓縮研究顯示，TPEE的不同結構排列表現出從85.90至346.01 kJ/m3的能量吸收範圍，其中S2是能量吸收最佳的結構，達到346.01 kJ/m3。第二階段使用動態正弦壓縮，測試Tan δ、滯後功吸收和動態彈性恢復（DER）。結果表明，建議的晶格超材料在調節橡膠狀TPEE的DER、粘彈性和滯後能量吸收方面是有效的。為模擬此晶格超材料於鞋墊應用狀況，將此晶格超材料以動態重錘衝擊測試，以應用靜態和動態壓縮數據。動態重錘衝擊測試以及靜態和動態壓縮測試的結果顯示，S1是鞋墊前部的最佳材料，而SS是鞋跟區域的最佳材料。CFLMs的結構影響有效地提供了從信號TPEE材料中獲得的各種機械特性。
為改進CFLM的性能，使用了一種獨特的混成軌域啟發之鑲嵌(orbital hybridization-inspired tessellation)方法進行結構設計。鑲嵌效應有可能改變晶格結構的特性。軌域混成過程包括軌域的重疊，晶格單元被視為研究目的的軌域，並根據混成軌域組織的sp、sp2、sp3和sp3d2進行組織。同樣使用PLA與FDM創建所需的鑲嵌結構。使用靜態和正弦壓縮載荷來研究機械特性。結果表明，通過鑲嵌混成軌域效應，可以有效地產生具有相同相對密度的結構的不同機械特性。由sp3靈感的鑲嵌展示了最大的能量吸收，達到4002 kJ/m3。鑲嵌方法可能表現出兩種不同的破壞模式。由於層和單元的破裂，結構表現不佳，因為逐層破裂更加一致和漸進。當位移速率相同時，所有結構都顯示出相似的行為。在相對體積分數的轉變中，能量吸收的類似模式，而對於更高的體積分數，能量值更大。序列變化效應顯示了鑲嵌結構的新變形模式是挫曲破壞。在動態加載下，混成軌域鑲嵌效應展示了不同的恢復百分比和滯後功吸收。測試結果顯示，軌域混成鑲嵌方法被成功應用於改變晶格單元的靜態和動態機械特性。

Constituent materials' capacity to absorb energy may vary due to structural modifications. The structural impact is analysed using carbon organic framework-inspired structures produced using fusion deposition modelling utilising polylactic acid and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene polymers. Under static compression, the structures' specific energy absorption was characterised. Tan(δ), hysteresis work, and dynamic elastic recovery (DER) were computed using sinusoidal displacement on the best structures found in the static testing results for dynamic compression. The surface structure produced the best DER, whereas the bending-dominated structure absorbed the most energy, according to the data. The structure that collapsed due to the layer's pure collapse displayed the best particular values. Despite the materials, the delamination of printed layers under loading decreased the performance of the constructions.
When a soft and a hard polymer structure in cylindrical shape were compared, Because both materials' cylinders have the same lattice structure, they show comparable densification strains. The compressive characteristics and mechanisms of collapse of structures are largely dependent on the interlayer adhesion of materials. Whereas TPEE collapsed as a result of connection hole collapse, the PLA structure's lattice hole collapse delaminated. The lattice structure dominates Tan δ findings and dynamic elastic recovery (DER). Square lattice structures are not as strong as cylindrical lattice structures.
For analysing the structural impacts, using thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE) and (CFLM). The CFLMs (S1, S2, S3, and SS) from TPEE were never before reported and were effectively created by material extrusion (MEX) using fused-filament manufacturing. Initially, the finite element method (FEM) was used to confirm the mechanical characteristics, densification strain, and energy absorption by static compression testing. Static compression studies showed that the SS structure had the maximum energy absorption, followed by S2. Dynamic sinusoidal compression was used in the second stage, which was based on the static test, to compute Tan δ, hysteresis work absorption, and dynamic elastic recovery (DER). The results demonstrated that the suggested lattice metamaterials were effective in tailoring the rubber-like TPEE's DER, viscoelasticity, and hysteresis energy absorption. Shoe midsoles were put through a dynamic drop weight impact test in order to apply static and dynamic compression data. The findings of dynamic drop weight impact tests as well as static and dynamic compression testing indicated that S1 was the best material for the toe portion of the shoe midsole and SS was the best material for the heel area. The structural impact of CFLMs effectively offered various mechanical characteristics in the static and dynamic tests from the signal TPEE material, according to the overall findings of all characterizations.
For improvement in the properties of CFLM the lattice structure, a unique orbital hybridization-inspired tessellation method was put out. The tessellation effect has the potential to modify a lattice's characteristics. The hybridization process included the orbitals overlapping, and the lattice unit cell was regarded as an orbital for the purposes of the research and organised in accordance with hybridization configurations inspired by sp, sp2, sp3, and sp3d2. A bridgeable polylactic acid (PLA) polymer was used in material extrusion (MEX) to create the intended tessellated structures. This hybridization tessellation method, which was created from PLA utilising MEX manufacturing and included overlap and edge-to-edge tessellation in a single structure, has never been documented previously. Static and sinusoidal compression loads were used to investigate the mechanical characteristics. The results demonstrated that distinct mechanical characteristics from structures with the same relative density may be effectively produced by the hybridization tessellation effect. The greatest energy absorption was shown by the tessellation inspired by sp3. There are two different types of failure modes that the tessellation approach might exhibit. The structure performed poorly as a consequence of layers and cell breakdown because layer-wise failure is more consistent and gradual. The tessellated structure that was inspired by sp3 also demonstrated the greatest modulus and plateau stress. Nearly same behaviour was seen by all the structures at the greater displacement rate. Similar patterns of energy absorption were seen in the shift in relative volume fraction, while larger energy values were seen for higher volume fractions. The sequence change effect demonstrated how bucking failure becomes the new deformation mode for tessellated structures. Under dynamic loading, the inspired tessellation effect exhibits varying recovery percentages and hysteresis work absorption. The orbital hybridization tessellation approach was effectively employed to modify the static and dynamic mechanical characteristics of lattice unit cells, as shown by the overall result.

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