開發物聯網架構下智慧建築的三維視覺化雲端管理介面

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研究生：	李庭宇 Ting-Yu Lee
論文名稱：	開發物聯網架構下智慧建築的三維視覺化雲端管理介面 Development of a 3D visualized cloud interface for the management of IoT-based smart buildings
指導教授：	陳鴻銘 Hung-Ming Chen
口試委員:	謝佑明 Yo-Ming Hsieh 呂守陞 Sou-sen LEU
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工程學院 - 營建工程系 Department of Civil and Construction Engineering
論文出版年：	2016
畢業學年度：	104
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	109
中文關鍵詞：	物聯網、Arduino 、3D視覺化、雲端運算、網頁3D
外文關鍵詞：	IoT, Arduino, 3D visualization, Cloud computing, Web3D
相關次數：	點閱：393 下載：4
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物聯網(IoT)技術目前被廣泛應用於家庭以及辦公室環境來實現智慧建築。但目前大多數智慧建築管理系統採用文字和按鈕組成的2D介面。而另一方面，BIM的應用也持續增加。BIM是3D模型結合模型元件的設計屬性資料。基於這樣的模式，透過3D模型應能有效整合監測數據。然而，現有的BIM系統資料多為靜態屬性且以文字及數字的形式呈現。但監測數據是動態的，隨著時間變化和不斷積累。因此，應提出採用巨量資料的儲存架構累積監測數據並藉由三維視覺化的方式呈現動態資料。本研究建立了一個原型系統展示3D模型作為智慧建築呈現與控制物聯網設備之介面的可行性。所提出系統其構成的物聯網係由基於環境監測與設備控制的四個具代表性之Arduino感測器及控制器組成，並結合雲端技術。以雲端資料庫儲存巨量資料，透過網頁瀏覽器即時展示動態資料的3D模型。藉由不同的3D視覺化方法呈現物聯網設備的資訊，比較不同3D視覺化呈現方式和物聯網資訊之間的適性，藉由開發本系統的應用範例來展示3D模型與物聯網資訊整合的可行性與效益

Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has been applied in home and office environment to achieve smart building. Most interfaces of the management systems for smart buildings are in 2D with text and buttons. On the other hand, the applications of Building Information Model (BIM) also keep increasing. BIM is the integration of 3D model with design information as properties of model components. Based on such model, effective integration of monitoring data with 3D model should be achieved. However, the property information in existing BIM systems is static and presented as number or text in form. Monitoring data are dynamic which change over time and keep accumulated. Therefore, technology for storing accumulating big data should be adopted and 3D visualized ways for presenting dynamic data on 3D model should be proposed. This study developed a prototype system to show the feasibility of using 3D model as the interface for the display and control of IoT devices in a smart building. The proposed system forms an indoor IoT network which integrates four representative Arduino-based sensors and controllers for environment monitoring and device control. It adopts Cloud technology for accumulating big data form monitoring in a cloud database, and also adopts Web3D technology for presenting 3D model with dynamic data online via Web browser. Several 3D visualized ways to present the information of these IoT devices on 3D model were proposed and compared in this study to suggest the most suitable way for each one. A case study on the application of the proposed system was developed to show the feasibility and benefit of such integration.

論文摘要	I
ABSTRACT	II
誌　　謝	III
目錄	IV
圖目錄	VII
表目錄	IX
第一章 緒論	1
1.1研究動機	1
1.2研究目的	5
1.3研究範圍	5
1.4研究方法	6
1.5論文架構	8
第二章 文獻回顧	9
2.1 文獻回顧	9
2.1.1 物聯網	9
2.1.2 雲端運算	9
2.1.3 WebGL	10
2.1.4 智慧建築	11
2.1.5 建築資訊模型	12
2.2 系統開發技術	13
2.2.1 物聯網	13
2.2.1.1 無線感測網路	13
2.2.1.2 Arduino	13
2.2.1.3 ZigBee	15
2.2.2 雲端運算	15
2.2.3 雲端技術	18
2.2.3.1 HDFS	18
2.2.3.2 Apache HBase	20
2.2.4 WebGL	21
2.3系統開發工具	22
2.3.1 PHP	22
2.3.2 Apache Thrift	23
2.3.3 GLGE	23
2.3.4 AJAX	24
2.3.5 Fritzing	25
2.3.6 Autodesk 123D Circuits	27
2.3.7 Highcharts	29
第三章 系統功能需求分析	31
3.1前言	31
3.2環境資訊收集與傳遞	31
3.3資料管理與儲存	32
3.4三維視覺化管理介面	33
3.4.1 設施概況查詢	33
3.4.2 設備控制	33
第四章 系統架構與運作機制規劃	35
4.1 前言	35
4.2 系統架構	35
4.3 系統運作流程	36
4.3.1 感測器之資料收集與上傳	36
4.3.2 使用者介面之操作	37
4.3.3 物聯網設備控制系統	38
4.4 系統運作機制規劃	39
4.4.1 Arduino感測器	39
4.4.1.1 LM35	39
4.4.1.2 PIR	40
4.4.1.3 MG811	40
4.4.2 XBee通訊模組	41
4.4.3 Arduino Ethernet Shield	45
4.4.4 PHP程式	45
4.4.3 HBase資料儲存架構	46
4.4.5 三維視覺化雲端管理介面	46
4.4.6 Arduino控制器	49
第五章 物聯網架構下智慧建築領域之環境資訊在BIM上的呈現模式	53
5.1 設施環境資訊	53
5.1.1 溫度資訊	53
5.1.2 二氧化碳資訊	54
5.2 設施狀態歷時紀錄呈現	55
5.3 物聯網設備控制系統	57
5.4 資訊呈現方式之比較	60
第六章 系統功能展示	61
6.1 前言	61
6.2 操作展示介面	61
6.2.1 室內溫度顯示	62
6.2.2 室內二氧化碳顯示	63
6.2.3 室內人數顯示	63
6.2.4 物聯網控制系統網頁	64
6.2.5 直覺式設備操作控制	65
第七章 結論與未來展望	67
7.1總結	67
7.2未來展望	69
參考文獻	71
附錄	79
附錄A 感測器、控制器規格	79
A.1 5mm Infrared LED	79
A.2 KEYES 5V Relay Module	81
A.3 LM35 Precision Centigrade Temperature Sensor	82
A.4 MG811 CO2 Sensors	83
附錄B Hadoop平台建置	85
B.1. Hadoop與HBase安裝與設定	85
B.2. 在Ubuntu手動安裝JDK	92
B.3. 安裝HBase、Thrift、PHP	94
附錄C 瀏覽器版本最低限制	97
C.1 Internet Exploer	97
C.2 Firefox	97
C.3 Chrome	97
C.4 Opera	97

                                

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