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研究生: 張榮恩
Jung-En Chang
論文名稱: CIE 1976 UCS色度座標對色彩的視覺亮度、冷熱程度、白度的影響
Influences of CIE 1976 UCS Chromaticity Coordinates on Perceived Brightness, Hot/Cold Feeling and Whiteness
指導教授: 歐立成
Li-Chen Ou
口試委員: 孫沛立
Pei-Li Sun
林宗翰
Tzung-Han Lin
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 應用科技學院 - 色彩與照明科技研究所
Graduate Institute of Color and Illumination Technology
論文出版年: 2020
畢業學年度: 108
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 140
中文關鍵詞: 色彩情感CIE 1976 UCS色度座標相關色溫
外文關鍵詞: Colour emotion, CIE 1976 UCS, Correlated Colour temperature
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  • 本研究目的為探討色彩的視覺亮度(perceived brightness)、探討色彩的視覺冷熱程度(perceived hot/cold feeling)、探討色偏差值(Duv)對白度(perceived whiteness)的影響、以及探討相關色溫(CCT)對白度的影響。
    本研究在暗室進行5個心理物理學實驗,所有實驗皆以22.5吋 Eizo 顯示器呈現色彩刺激物。共有30位受測者參與實驗,包含15位男性與15位女性。實驗一使用亮度的心理量尺對15種全域色彩進行配對比較;實驗二使用冷熱的心理量尺對15種全域色彩進行配對比較;實驗三使用冷熱的心理量尺對25種低彩色進行配對比較;實驗四與五使用白度的心理量尺對25種低彩色進行配對比較。
    根據實驗一結果,發現因亥姆霍茲-柯勞許效應會影響全域色彩的亮度感覺,當離最低彩度之色度座標越近的測試色,亮度感覺會越來越低;當離最低彩度之色度座標越遠的的測試色,亮度感覺會越來越高。當色度座標往藍色或是紅色偏移的全域色彩,亮度感覺更為強烈,藍色為受測者認為最亮的全域色彩,其次是紅色。在實驗二與實驗三發現 u' 座標明顯會影響色彩的冷熱感覺,u' 座標與色彩的冷熱感覺為指數關係。在實驗四發現隨著CCT上升而 ISO-CCT line 上最高白度的 CIE (u', v')色度座標逐漸從負值 Duv 往正值 Duv 偏移。在實驗五發現隨著Duv變化,CCT的座標位置並沒有太大的變動趨勢。最終利用實驗四、五所求得之最高白度的 CCT 與Duv,得到 CIE (u', v') 色度圖上的最高白度之色彩座標。


    This study is to clarify the perceived brightness of colour, the perceived hot/cold feeling of colour, the influence of Duv and correlated colour temperature (CCT) on perceived whiteness.
    Five psychophysical experiments were carried out using the paired comparison method in a darkened room. A 22.5-inch Eizo display was used in experiments to present colour stimuli. Thirty observers, including 15 males and 15 females, participated in the experiments. Two psychophysical scales, “brightness” in Experiment 1 and “hot/cold” in Experiment 2, were used for paired comparisons of 15 chromatic colour stimuli. In Experiment 3, only “hot/cold” was used for paired comparisons of 25 achromatic colour stimuli. In Experiment 4~5, only “whiteness” was used for paired comparisons of 25 achromatic colour stimuli.
    According to results of Experiment 1, hue and chroma were both found to influence the perception of brightness. As the chroma increases, the stimulus appeared brighter and brighter. Colours near the Planckian locus appeared least bright. In terms of hue, blue was found to be the brightest, followed by red. The findings agree well with the Helmholtz–Kohlrausch effect. For Experiment 2, hue was found to have a strong impact on the “hot/cold” perception of colour stimulus. Red was found to be the hottest. Blue was the coolest. For Experiment 3, the “hot/cold” perception of achromatic colour stimuli was found to be influenced by the u' coordinate of CIE (u', v'). For u' coordinate, it is clear that the higher the u' coordinate, the hotter the colour tended to appear. For Experiment 4~5, the “whiteness” perception of achromatic colour stimuli was found to be influenced by both CCT and Duv. For CCT, as the CCT increases, the CIE (u', v') coordinates of the highest perceived whiteness gradually shift from the negative Duv values to the positive Duv values. For Duv, as the change of Duv, the CIE (u', v') coordinates of CCT has not changed much. Finally, The colour coordinates of the highest perceived whiteness using the CCT(Experiment 5) and Duv(Experiment 4) of the highest perceived whiteness obtained on CIE (u', v') chromaticity diagram are found.

    摘要 ABSTRACT 致謝 目錄 圖目錄 表目錄 第1章 緒論 1.1 研究動機與目的 1.2 研究架構 第2章 文獻探討 2.1 色彩感知 2.1.1 色彩視覺 2.1.2 人眼適應機制 2.1.3 色彩三屬性 2.1.4 三刺激值 2.2 色彩空間 2.2.1 CIE (x, y) 色度圖 2.2.2 CIE (u, v) 色度圖 2.2.3 CIELAB 色彩空間 2.2.4 CIE (u', v') 色度圖 2.3 光源色彩特性 2.3.1 輝度(luminance) 2.3.2 色溫(colour temperature) 2.3.3 相關色溫(correlated colour temperature)與色偏差值(Duv) 2.4 色彩亮度之相關研究 2.5 色彩冷熱之相關研究 2.6 色彩白度之相關研究 第3章 研究方法 3.1 實驗設備使用 3.1.1 顯示器色彩校正儀器(x-rite i1 Display Pro) 3.1.2 超低輝度分光放射計(Topcon SR-UL1R) 3.1.3 顯示器(Eizo CG232W) 3.2 色彩特性描述模型(gain-offset-gamma model) 3.3 實驗一:全域色彩之視覺亮度 3.3.1 實驗方法與環境設置 3.3.2 實驗受測者 3.3.3 實驗流程 3.4 實驗二:全域色彩之視覺冷熱程度 3.4.1 實驗方法與環境設置 3.4.2 實驗受測者 3.4.3 實驗流程 3.5 實驗三:低彩色之視覺冷熱程度 3.5.1 實驗方法與環境設置 3.5.2 實驗受測者 3.5.3 實驗流程 3.6 實驗四:Duv對白度之影響 3.6.1 實驗方法與環境設置 3.6.2 實驗受測者 3.6.3 實驗流程 3.7 實驗五:CCT對白度之影響 3.7.1 實驗方法與環境設置 3.7.2 實驗受測者 3.7.3 實驗流程 3.8 實驗數據分析方法 3.8.1 配對比較法(paired comparison method) 3.8.2 皮爾森相關係數(Pearson correlation coefficient) 3.8.3 F檢定 3.8.4 誤差範圍(error bars) 第4章 實驗結果與分析 4.1 性別分析比較與重複性測試結果 4.2 色彩的視覺亮度(實驗一) 4.2.1 實驗一數據分析 4.2.2 視覺亮度之預測模型 4.3 色彩的視覺冷熱程度(實驗二、實驗三) 4.3.1 實驗二數據分析(全域色彩的冷熱感覺) 4.3.2 實驗三數據分析(低彩色的冷熱感覺) 4.3.3 實驗二與實驗三之整合模型 4.4 色彩的視覺白度(實驗四、實驗五) 4.4.1 實驗四數據分析(Duv對白度的影響) 4.4.2 實驗五數據分析(CCT對白度的影響) 4.4.3 最高白度之色彩座標 4.5 現有預測模型之比較 4.5.1 亮度預測模型之檢測 4.5.2 冷熱預測模型之檢測 4.5.3 最高白度軌跡之比較 第5章 結論與未來研究方向 5.1 結論 5.2 研究貢獻 5.3 未來研究方向 參考文獻 附錄一 實驗設備硬體規格 附錄二 各個實驗所有受測者之實驗數據 附錄三 各個實驗男性受測者之實驗數據 附錄四 各個實驗女性受測者之實驗數據

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