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研究生： 王坤明
Erich - Konig
論文名稱： 平面顯示器色彩與階調之特性
Color Characteristics and Tone Reproduction Curves of Flat Panel Display
指導教授： 陳鴻興
Hung-Shing Chen
口試委員: 孫沛立
Pei-Li Sun
溫照華
Chao-Hua Wen
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 電資學院 - 電子工程系
Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年： 2013
畢業學年度： 101
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 113
中文關鍵詞： 液晶顯示器 、色域 、階調再現曲線 、相關色溫 、色差
外文關鍵詞： LCD monitor, Color gamut, Tone reproduction curve (TRC), Correlated color temperature (CCT), Color difference
相關次數： 點閱：461  下載：6 
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    • 這項研究是建立一個模擬在各種不同色溫和亮度的組合條件時的測量方法，以作為驗證準確評估顯示器的特性和畫質的可行性。為了幫助使用者液晶顯示器在不同色溫和亮度的設定條件下更正確地調整和使用顯示器。
    實驗以設計12個交叉組合的模擬條件進行來包括色域，階調再現曲線，相關色溫和色差的驗證。平面顯示器在4個測定項目中的的色彩特性和階調再現曲線分別於相關色溫 5000 K， 6500 K， 9300 K和10000 K的情況下調整為3個不同的亮度，分別為 200 cd/m²，100 cd /m²，60 cd/m²的亮度。這12個情況是模擬一般使用者設定，但在顯示測量和評價時常被忽視討論其色差變動之情況。
    根據實驗的結論，在所有測試項目中，從不同相關色溫並改變高、中或低亮度，皆顯示穩定的統計數據特徵。

    This research is to create a comprehensive and robust set of measurement approaches making for accurately evaluating the quality and accuracy of displays happen. To help users better understand the LCD monitor and better evaluate, select, use, and adjust the product even when display is in different settings.
    The experiments were conducted to verify the color characteristics and tone reproduction curves of the flat panel display in 4 measurement items including color gamut, tone reproduction curve (TRC), correlated color temperature (CCT) and color difference under designed 12 matrix simulated conditions: 4 different CCTs in 5000 K, 6500 K, 9300 K and 10000 K independently the display is adjusted to 3 different luminance in 200 cd/m², 100 cd/m² and 60 cd/m² respectively. These 12 situations are dependent to general users but are overlooked in making display measurements and evaluations.
    According to the experimental conclusion, the display shows stable statistics significant characteristics in all test items when CCTs changed from low value to high value no matter how the display luminance is in high luminance, medium or low luminance.

    摘 要 Ⅰ Abstract Ⅱ Acknowledgment Ⅲ List of Tables IX List of Figures X Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION MOTIVATION AND OBJECTIVES 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Motivation and Purpose 2 1.3 Construction of This Study 3 Chapter 2 THEORIES OF THE EXPERIMENTS 4 2.1 Light and Color 4 2.2 Color Gamut 5 2.3 Tone Reproduction Curve (TRC, Gamma) 10 2.4 Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) 17 2.5 Definition of Color Difference 27 2.5.1 Color Space History and Color Difference Formulas 27 2.5.2 CIE 1976 L*a*b* Color Space 33 2.5.3 CIE 1976 L*u*v* Color Space 34 2.5.4 Formulas of Color Difference 34 2.5.5 CIE94 and ΔE*94 35 2.5.6 CIE 2000 Color-Difference Formula CIEDE2000 36 2.5.7 ΔE calculations in general 40 Chapter 3 REVIEW PREVIOUS LITERATURE 41 3.1 Color Gamut 41 3.2 Tone Reproduction Curve 44 3.3 Correlated Color Temperature 45 3.4 Color Difference 47 Chapter 4 DESIGN EXPERIMENT MODELING METHOD 49 4.1 Test laboratory instruments 49 4.1.1 Integrating Sphere Calibration Standard Gooch & Housego OL 455-12-1 50 4.1.2 Calibration Standard Controller Gooch & Housego OL 400-C 51 4.1.3 Spectroradiometer Topcon SR-UL1R 51 4.2 Test facility Environment Setting 51 4.2.1 Electrical Conditions 53 4.2.2 Environments 53 4.2.3 Warm-Up Time 54 4.2.4 Dark Room Conditions 55 4.2.5 Control Unchanged 56 4.2.6 Standard Viewing Direction 56 4.2.7 Viewing Distance, Angle, and Angular Field of View 57 4.2.8 Screen Measurement Point 58 4.2.9 Adequate Integration Time 58 4.2.10 Other Criteria 58 4.3 Test sample features 59 4.4 The flowchart of this research 61 4.4.1 Experiment procedures 61 4.4.2 Design test patterns for Color Gamut experiment & Color Difference 62 4.4.3 Design test patterns for TRC & CCT experiment 62 4.5 Design the experiments 64 4.5.1 Design Experiment No. 1 “Color Gamut” Measurement 65 4.5.2 Design Experiment No. 2 “Tone Reproduction Curve” Measurement 66 4.5.3 Design Experiment No. 3 CCT Measurement 67 4.5.4 Design Experiment No. 4 “Color Difference” Measurement 67 Chapter 5 MODEL RESULTS 68 5.1 Assessment results analysis and discussion on Color Gamut experiment 68 5.2 Assessment results analysis and discussion on Gamma experiment 71 5.3 Assessment results analysis and discussion on Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) experiment 76 5.4 Assessment results analysis and discussion on Color Difference experiment 84 Chapter 6 Conclusions and Recommendations for Future Research 87 6.1 Conclusions 87 6.2 Recommendations for Future Research and direction 89 Reference 90 APPENDIX 1 Appendix 1 Eizo 24.1 Color Management Monitor ColorEdge CG241W 93 Appendix 2 Integrated Sphere and Controller 97 Appendix 3 Topcon Spectroradiometer SR-UL1R 99 Appendix 4 申請認證量測範圍與單位的表達原則 AF-CNLA-A21(1) 103 Appendix 5 Color Gamut under 12 conditions 110

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