本研究之目的為建置一個可符合CNS 15038的煙洩漏量試驗儀器，建置完成後之測試艙最大可試驗尺寸為3 m(H)×3 m(W)，試驗儀器具備控制溫度及壓力之能力，測試艙壁體、風車及通風管以三明治工法(鋼板+岩棉+鋼板)及耐熱填縫材料包覆後，儀器本身之洩漏量趨近於1 m3/h。研究中分別以三個不同面積圓孔進行基本的洩漏量試驗，試驗後本儀器可以準確測試出不同面積之洩漏量，並且具備測試木門洩漏量之能力，由試驗中發現，洩漏量隨著溫度增加而逐漸降低，但當溫度到達150 ℃以後，木門洩漏量會開始增加。本研究並依CNS 15038的煙洩漏量試驗儀器要求標準，建置現場之煙洩漏量試驗儀器，兩試驗儀器除可供檢測各種縫隙或開口之洩漏量外，本儀器之設計架構可提供未來洩漏量試驗儀器建置之參考。

The purpose of this study is to establish a CNS 15038 conforming apparatus for smoke leakage testing. The maximum test size accommodated by its test chamber is 3 m(H) x 3 m(W). The test apparatus is capable of controlling temperature and pressure. The test chamber wall, fan, and air duct are enclosed by sandwich construction (steel plate + rock wool + steel plate) and filled with heat resistant materials, which reduces the leakage rate of the apparatus to 1 m3/h. Three circular openings with different areas are used in this study for the basic volumetric airflow rate test. The apparatus proves to be capable of accurately measuring the volumetric airflow rate for a range of opening areas. The measurement is also made for wooden doors. The results of the study show that the volumetric airflow rate decreases gradually when the temperature increases, but as the temperature reaches 150 °C, the volumetric airflow rate for wooden doors starts to increase. And in this study, the smoke leakage test apparatus on-site was set by the criteria of CNS 15038. The two test apparatuses can be used for measuring the volumetric airflow rate for various gaps or openings. The design of this apparatus also provides an example for establishing other leakage test apparatus in the future.

[1]Clarke, F. B., 1997, Physiological effects of smoke: Managing escape, ASHRAE Journal, 39(3), pp.47-56.
[2]Klote J.H., 1995. Smoke control. SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, 2nd Edition, Chapter 12 Section 4, pp. 230~245.
[3]ISO 5925-1, 1981. Fire Test-Evaluation of Performance of Smoke Control Door assemblies-Part 1: Ambient Temperature Test, Geneva, Switzerland.
[4]ISO 5925-2, 1997, Fire Test-Smoke Control Door and Shutter Assemblies-Part 2：Commentary on Test Method and Test Data Application, Geneva, Switzerland.
[5]UL 1784, 1990, Air leakage tests of door Assemblies.
[6]BS 476-31, 1983, Methods for measuring smoke penetration through door sets and shutter assemblies.
[7]DIN 18095-1, 1988, Smoke control doors; concepts and requirements, German, October.
[8]DIN 18095-2, 1991, Smoke control doors;type testing for durability and leakage, German.
[9]JIS A 1516, 1998, Windows and doorsets - air permeability test.
[10]CNS 15038, 2006, Method of test for evaluating smoke control performance of doors.
[11]J. Rakic, (2000). The Performance of Unit Entry Doors When Exposed to Simulated Sprinkler Controlled Fires, Fire Australia, February 2000, pp. 24-28.
[12]U. Kazuki, 1997, Fire testing of window glass for integrity and smoke leakage, Research Report, Architecture Institute of Japan (AIJ), Kanto branch, Paper No. 8.
[13]L. Y. Cooper, 1981, Measuring the Leakage of Door Assemblies During Standard Fire Exposures. Fire and Materials 5(4), pp. 163-174.
[14]Ta-Hui Lin, 2003, Study of method of test for evaluating smoke control performance of fire doors, Architecture and Building Research Institute report, Ministry of Interior, Taiwan.
[15]M. Sudo, T. Tamaka, F. Saito, 1995, A study on development of leakage test apparatus, Conference Paper, Architecture Institute of Japan (AIJ) in Hokkaido, Paper No. 3021.
[16]ISO 834-1, 1999, Fire-Resistance Tests-Elements of Building Construction: Part1: General Requirements, Switzerland.
[17]Chan-Wei Wu, Ta-Hui Lin, Chien-Jung Chen, Ming-Ju Tsai, 2007, Smoke leakage through wall openings in a fire, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 32(1), pp. 29-37.
[18]Zukoski EE., 1995, Properties of fire plumes. In Combustion Fundamentals of Fire, Cox G (ed.). Academic Press: London; Chapter 3, pp. 101-219.
[19]Liu Fang, Gong Nan and Yan Zhi-jun, 2000. Opening flow coefficient and its effect on fire smoke flow. Journal of Chongqing Jianzhu University 22, pp. 86-92.
[20]NFPA, 1999. NFPA 80: Standard for Fire Doors, Fire Windows. USA: National Fire Protection Association.
[21]Standard Australia, 2005. Australian Standard-Components for the Protection of Openings in Fire-Resistant wall, AS 1905.1.
[22]Building Authority, 1996. Code of Practice on Fire Resisting Construction, Hong Kong Government.
[23]CNS, 11227, 2002, Method of fire resistance test for fire door of buildings.