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研究生: 張凱筌
Kai-Chuan Chang
論文名稱: 雲端化之巨量BIM資料儲存與分析系統架構
A Cloud-based System Framework for Storage and Analysis on Big Data of Massive BIMs
指導教授: 陳鴻銘
Hung-Ming Chen
口試委員: 郭榮欽
Rong-Chin Guo
謝佑明
Yo-Ming Hsieh
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 營建工程系
Department of Civil and Construction Engineering
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 84
中文關鍵詞: BIM雲端巨量資料儲存分析系統架構巨量BIM
外文關鍵詞: BIM, Cloud, System Framework, Storage, Analysis, Big Data, Massive BIMs
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  • 由於建築資訊模型(Building Information Modeling, BIM)涵蓋營建工程各領域之設計屬性資料,因此代表著其可產生許多加值應用,例如對累積的BIM資料進行統計與分析。而以現況來說,對大量BIM資料進行統計與分析是相當不容易的,在現今的商用BIM軟體皆是基於特定檔案格式的專案管理模式,其檔案皆須透過該BIM軟體開啟方能查看三維視覺化模型與各領域之設計屬性資料。此外,雖然現今BIM已有通用檔案格式工業基礎類別(Industry Foundation Classes, IFC),但由於商用BIM軟體間對BIM之邏輯與定義不盡相同,因此由不同商用BIM軟體所匯出的IFC,匯出的資訊格式與內容很難保持一致性,進而導致BIM之部分資訊遺失,而即使是同一款商用BIM軟體,不同的軟體版本亦很有可能有以上之問題產生。再者,現今商用BIM軟體皆採取單一檔案式的管理模式,意即一份檔案對應一個BIM專案,而單一檔案便涵蓋以上所述之缺點,若欲對一BIM之集合進行集中管理與統計分析,也許當集合內僅有少數BIM專案時尚可執行,但如果當集合內BIM數量龐大,根據上述之狀況,肯定具備相當程度的困難性。
    本研究為解決此問題,將透過一能夠對巨量BIM資料進行儲存與集中管理的系統-Cloud BIM進行延伸擴充,透過結合Cloud BIM系統與本研究之系統架構,將可輕易地對巨量BIM資料進行統計與分析。此外,本研究亦加入含BIM建物空間內環境狀態與設施使用歷史紀錄之動態資料,透過加入動態資料,使BIM產生更多元的加值應用。而巨量BIM資料之統計與分析則結合與Cloud BIM緊密結合的MapReduce運行,以大幅提升巨量資料分析之效率。


    Regarding the storage and management of massive BIM data, a system which utilizes Cloud technology to establish a data center to store and manage multiple BIMs simultaneously has been developed. This BIM data center can not only handle the big data of massive BIMs using multiple servers in distributed manner, but also can be accessed by using various online devices anywhere anytime for information sharing and visualization. Traditional BIM includes only static information, such as the geometric parameters, physical properties, and spatial relations, for modeling of the physical space. In this study, BIM was extended to dynamic BIM which also includes dynamic data, such as the historical records from monitoring of facility environment and usage, as well as the user experience parameters from continuous observation of the interaction between users and the space. Due to such extension, dynamic BIM become a parametric model which can be used to simulate user behaviors. Consequently, the attribute data of dynamic BIM is not only massive, but also keeps increasing with continuous monitoring of space and users. In addition, information should be effectively retrieved from these large data sets for applications. Regarding the applications of dynamic BIM big data, this study proposes a Cloud-based system framework to effectively retrieve required information for various applications by big data analysis based on parallel processing of large data sets. In addition, this study also do preliminary study on the application of data mining techniques to find hidden dependencies or regularities in the processed data sets for the influences of the states of various facilities on indoor environment, energy consumption, and user behaviors. The results of data mining can serve as the references rules for decision support on facilities control.

    論文摘要 ABSTRACT 誌謝 目錄 圖目錄 表目錄 第一章 緒論 1.1研究動機 1.2研究目的 1.3研究範圍 1.4研究方法 1.5論文架構 第二章 研究背景 2.1文獻回顧 2.1.1 BIM 2.1.2資料探勘 2.1.3巨量資料分析 2.2開發技術 2.2.1巨量資料儲存技術 2.2.1.1 Hadoop 2.2.1.2 HBase 2.2.2巨量資料分析技術 2.2.2.1 Java 2.2.2.2 MapReduce 2.2.2.3 Mahout 2.2.2.4 EnergyPlus 2.2.3使用者介面技術 2.2.3.1 HTML 2.2.3.2 PHP 第三章 系統功能分析與規劃 3.1客戶端介面模組 3.1.1 動態資料上傳模組 3.1.2使用者介面模組 3.2 伺服器端運算模組 3.2.1 資料屬性數量計算模組 3.2.2 資料探勘前處理模組 3.2.3 資料探勘結果存取模組 3.2.4 分析軟體檔案格式匯出模組 第四章 系統架構與運作機制 4.1系統架構 4.1.1基於Cloud BIM網頁平台擴充之網頁架構 4.1.2巨量資料分析架構 4.1.3 HBase資料儲存架構 4.2動態資料上傳運作機制 4.3資料屬性數量計算運作機制 4.3.1 BIM物件屬性資料之幾何屬性數量計算 4.3.2 BIM情境動態資料之能耗屬性單位換算 4.4資料探勘前處理運作機制 4.4.1 BIM物件屬性資料之資料探勘前處理 4.4.2 BIM情境動態資料之資料探勘前處理 4.5資料探勘結果存取運作機制 4.6分析軟體檔案格式匯出運作機制 第五章 系統展示 5.1前言 5.2 BIM動態資料上傳 5.3巨量BIM資料數量計算 5.4巨量BIM資料探勘前處理 5.5巨量BIM資料探勘 5.6匯出分析軟體檔案格式 第六章 系統測試與驗證 6.1資料屬性數量計算 6.2資料探勘前處理 6.3匯出分析軟體檔案格式 第七章 結論與未來展望 7.1結論 7.2未來展望 參考文獻 附件

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