研究生: |
張佩詩 Elise Natalia |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
The Impact of Cognitive Flexibility on Turnover Intention: Cultural Differences as a Moderator The Impact of Cognitive Flexibility on Turnover Intention: Cultural Differences as a Moderator |
指導教授: |
謝亦泰
Yi-tai Seih |
口試委員: |
張譯尹
Yi-Ying Chang 呂志豪 Shih-Hao Lu |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
管理學院 - 企業管理系 Department of Business Administration |
論文出版年: | 2019 |
畢業學年度: | 107 |
語文別: | 英文 |
論文頁數: | 72 |
中文關鍵詞: | Cognitive Flexibility 、Turnover Intention 、Cultural differences 、Indonesia 、Taiwan |
外文關鍵詞: | Cognitive Flexibility, Turnover Intention, Cultural differences, Indonesia, Taiwan |
相關次數: | 點閱:424 下載:2 |
分享至: |
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報 |
Cognitive Flexibility is an ability to adapt to the change of environment. Individuals who are more cognitively flexible show better learning ability, more creativity on solving problems, and better social adaptability. This leads to the importance of cognitive flexibility in the workplace. Because cognitive flexibility could help people adjust themselves to the workplace, it is expected that cognitive flexibility may play a critical role in a culture with more diversity. The aim of this research is to study how cultural differences influence the impact of cognitive flexibility on the turnover intention for general employees. Thus, the cultural variable, serving as a moderator, includes two countries: Indonesia and Taiwan.
Based on ethnicity, Indonesia is defined as a country with more diverse cultures, compared with Taiwan. An online survey is distributed in English to Indonesia and Chinese to Taiwan for data collection. Results of this research showed that employees who have more cognitive flexibility and are from a culture with more diversity (Indonesia) reported higher levels of turnover intention. By contrast, employees who have more cognitive flexibility and are from a culture with less diversity (Taiwan) reported lower levels of turnover intention. The implications of cultural differences in the turnover intention are discussed.
Cognitive Flexibility is an ability to adapt to the change of environment. Individuals who are more cognitively flexible show better learning ability, more creativity on solving problems, and better social adaptability. This leads to the importance of cognitive flexibility in the workplace. Because cognitive flexibility could help people adjust themselves to the workplace, it is expected that cognitive flexibility may play a critical role in a culture with more diversity. The aim of this research is to study how cultural differences influence the impact of cognitive flexibility on the turnover intention for general employees. Thus, the cultural variable, serving as a moderator, includes two countries: Indonesia and Taiwan.
Based on ethnicity, Indonesia is defined as a country with more diverse cultures, compared with Taiwan. An online survey is distributed in English to Indonesia and Chinese to Taiwan for data collection. Results of this research showed that employees who have more cognitive flexibility and are from a culture with more diversity (Indonesia) reported higher levels of turnover intention. By contrast, employees who have more cognitive flexibility and are from a culture with less diversity (Taiwan) reported lower levels of turnover intention. The implications of cultural differences in the turnover intention are discussed.
Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in Social Exchange. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 267–299.
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1977). Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research. Psychological Bulletin, 84, 888–918.
Benet-Martínez, V., Lee, F., & Leu, J. (2006). Biculturalism and Cognitive Complexity. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 37, 386–407.
Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). Social Science Research: Principles, Methods, and Practices. Textbooks Collection. 3. Retrieved from http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/oa_textbooks/3
Brayfield, A. H., & Crockett, W. H. (1955). Employee attitudes and employee performance. Psychological Bulletin, 52, 396-424.
Brehm, J. W. (1956). Postdecision changes in the desirability of alternatives. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 52, 384-389.
Bosomtwe, T., & Obeng, B. (2018). The Link between Organizational Culture and Turnover Intention among Employees in Ghana. International Journal of Contemporary Research and Review, 9, 20951-20958.
Cañas, J., Quesada, J., Antolí, A., & Fajardo, I. (2003). Cognitive flexibility and adaptability to environmental changes in dynamic complex problem-solving tasks. Ergonomics, 46, 482–501.
Chiu, C., & Hong, Y. (2005). Cultural competence: Dynamic processes. In A. Elliot, & C.S. Dweek (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and competence (pp.489-505). New York, NY: Guilford. Dennis, J. P., & Vander Wal, J. S. (2009). The Cognitive Flexibility Inventory: Instrument Development and Estimates of Reliability and Validity. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 34, 241–253.
Festinger, L. (1957). A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Festinger, L. & Carlsmith, J.M. (1959). Cognitive Consequences of Forced Compliance. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 58, 203-210.
French, R., Rayner, C., Rees, G., Rumbles, S. (2011). Organizational Behavior. John Wiley & Sons. Chichester, 172.
Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach. New York: Guilford Press.
Hellriegel, D., & White, G. E. (1973). Turnover of professionals in public accounting: A comparative analysis. Personnel Psychology, 26, 239–249.
Hofstede, G., & Bond, M. H. (1984). Hofstede’s Culture Dimensions. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 15, 417–433.
Miller, H. E., Katerberg, R., & Hulin, C. L. (1979). Evaluation of the Mobley, Horner, and Hollingsworth model of employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 64, 509–517.
Kozan, M. K. (1997). Culture and conflict management: A theoretical framework. International Journal of Conflict Management, 8, 338–360.
Kluckhohn, C. (1954). Southwestern studies of culture and personality. American Anthropologist, 56, 685-697.
Kluckhohn, C., & W. H. Kelly. (1945). The Concept of Culture. Chapter in: The Science of Man in the World Crisis. In Ralph Linton (Eds.). New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 78-105.
Leung, A. K.-Y., & Chiu, C.-Y. (2010). Multicultural experience, idea receptiveness, and creativity. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 41, 723–41.
Locke, E.A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. in M.D. Dunnette (Ed.), Handbook of Industrial and Organizational Psychology. Chicago: Rand McNally.
Martin, M. M., & Rubin, R. B. (1995). A new measure of cognitive flexibility. Psychological Reports, 76, 623–626.
Miller, H. E., Katerberg, R., & Hulin, C. L. (1979). Evaluation of the Mobley, Horner, and Hollingsworth model of employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 64, 509–517.
Mobley, W. H., Griffeth, R. W., Hand, H. H., & Meglino, B. M. (1979). Review and conceptual analysis of the employee turnover process. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 493–522.
Porter, L. W., & Steers, R. M. (1973). Organizational, work, and personal factors in employee turnover and absenteeism. Psychological Bulletin, 80, 151–176.
54
Schein, E. H. (1990). Organizational culture. American Psychologist, 45, 109–119.
Schuh, A. J. (1967). The Predictability of employee tenure: A review of the literature. Personnel Psychology, 20, 133–152.
Schwepker, C. H. (2001). Ethical climate’s relationship to job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and turnover intention in the salesforce. Journal of Business Research, 54, 39–52.
Sue, Derald & P. Bingham, Rosie & Porché-Burke, Lisa & Vasquez, Melba. (2000). The diversification of psychology: A multicultural revolution. The American psychologist.
Susan, C., & James, R. T. (1980). A Re-Examination of The Mobley, Horner & Hollingsworth Model of Turnover: A Useful Replication. Technical report, 80, 1.
Tadmor, C. T., & Tetlock, P. E. (2006). Biculturalism. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 37, 173–190.
Triandis, H. C. (1967). Interpersonal relations in international organizations. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 2, 26–55.
Triandis, H. C. (1994). Culture and social behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Triandis, H. C. (2000). Culture and Conflict. International Journal of Psychology, 35, 145–152. Triandis, H. C., & Suh, E. M. (2002). Cultural Influences on Personality. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 133–160.
Tylor, E. B. (1903). Primitive culture. (4 ed., Vol. 2). London: John Murray.
Vroom, V. H. (1964). Work and motivation. New York: Wiley.
Yan, X. (2009). Linear Regression Analysis: Theory and Computing. World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd.
Zanca, Russell. (2015). Multiculturalism. World Book Student. World Book.