學習效應或訂價策略對不完美生產系統之保固產品的影響

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研究生：	羅志中 Chih-Chung Lo
論文名稱：	學習效應或訂價策略對不完美生產系統之保固產品的影響 The impact of learning effect or pricing policy on an imperfect production system for products with sold warranty
指導教授：	陳正綱 Cheng-Kang Chen
口試委員:	洪大為 Ta-Wei Hung 葉瑞徽 Ruey Huei (Robert) Yeh
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	管理學院 - 資訊管理系 Department of Information Management
論文出版年：	2005
畢業學年度：	93
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	73
中文關鍵詞：	銷售價格、保固策略、學習效果、不完美生產過程
外文關鍵詞：	price, learning effect, warranty policy, Imperfect production system
相關次數：	點閱：284 下載：4
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　　一個良好的生產線不僅是產貨率要高且產品還要符合標準規格。然而，不良品（defective items）的產生在實際的生產環境是無法避免的，例如，生產過程時人為的疏失、機器設備的損壞等問題都會導致產品品質不穩定的現象。而這些不良品必須重新加工、修復或報廢。在文獻上，生產品質不穩定的生產系統（imperfect production system）已被探討的許多年，也採取許多方法去解決不良品的問題，例如：維修或是加入檢查機制讓不良品的數量減到最少等，但這些都會造成額外的成本，對生產者而言即是利潤降低。而這篇論文考慮學習機制的加入，利用經驗的累積來降低成本的花費，進而讓利潤得以升高。
近年來，隨著售後服務的觀念逐漸被消費者接受後，保固策略也隨之誕生，利用保固策略來保護消費者在一定期限內，能以最少的價格或免費來維修產品。而在某一些商品，例如：電腦，這類商品維修的機率較大，所以保固週期越長所增加的成本也就越多，如此一來就會間接的反應到價格上而讓價格會有小幅的升高，此時，訂定一個適當的銷售價格及保固週期將是一個很重要的議題。這篇論文討論的第二的議題，將決定保固週期及相對應的銷售價格，可以讓利潤達到最大。

A perfect production process produces items not only quickly but also to fit in with standard specifications. But defective/nonconforming items can not avoid in actual environment, for examples: human error, destructions of produced equipments and so on. In literature, the imperfect production systems have been investigated by many researchers in recent years. Many investigators consider some method to solve this problem, such as using maintenance/inspection schedule to prevent from producing defective items. In this paper, we consider impact of learning effects to reduce the production cost on an imperfect production system. We want to use experience learned to reduce the production cost and hence increase the profit.
　　In recent years, it is popular that products sold with warranty policy. Within warranty period, it can protect consumers to repair or renew the failure items with no or few cost. However, for some products, such as computer, the probability of failure occurred is larger than others. The increase of warranty period leads to the more additional cost and may increase the selling price. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate the second case that extends the extant literature to consider that the selling price of the product sold with warranty is a function of the length of the warranty period for an imperfect production system for product sold with warranty. We seek to maximize the total profit per item through optimal determinations of the production run length and warranty period.

致 謝	I

摘 要	II
Abstract	III

Table of Contents	IV
List of Figure	VI
List of Table	VII

Chapter 1.  Introduction	1
1.1.  Investigate background and motive	1
1.2.  Investigate objective	2
1.3.  Investigate method and steps	3

Chapter 2.  Literature review	4
2.1.  Learning effects	4
2.2.  Imperfect production system	6
2.3.  Inspection schedule in an imperfect production system	7
2.4.  Products sold with warranty policy	8

Chapter 3.  An imperfect production system with learning consideration	10
3.1.  Assumptions and notations	10
3.2.  Mathematical model with learning effect	14
3.3.  Solution procedure for mathematical model	17
3.4.  Numerical examples	20
3.5.  Brief summary	26

Chapter 4.  An imperfect production system with shortages and pricing	27
consideration for products sold with warranty	27
4.1.  Assumptions and notations	27
4.2.  EPQ with warranty policy under shortage consideration	31
4.2.1.  Mathematical model with shortages	31
4.2.2.  Special cases and search procedure of finding solution	37
4.2.3.  Numerical examples	40
4.3.  EPQ with warranty policy with pricing consideration	48
4.3.1.  Mathematical model with pricing consideration	48
4.3.2.  Numerical examples	52
4.4.  Brief summary	58

Chapter 5.  Concluding remarks	59

References	61
Appendix	65

                                

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