本研究針對三種巨集型壓電纖維複合材料(MFC)進行理論分析推導,配合 有限元素法(Finite Element Method, FEM)進行數值模擬分析,搭配多種實驗方 法實際量測 MFC 在之動態特性。本研究採用動態量測的實驗技術包含全域式的 電子斑點干涉術(Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry),可同時針對壓電材 料的面內與面外次微米振動的模態振形與共振頻率進行即時量測,記錄激振電壓 可評估三維振動效率;單點式面外量測的雷射都卜勒振動儀(Laser Doppler Vibrometer)能進行面外振動穩態掃頻位移量測;量測電性共振特性的阻抗分析 儀(Impedance Analyzer)可藉由量測壓電材料的電性阻抗獲得物體面內橫向伸 展模態之共振頻率。本研究探討 MFC 三種試片、MFC 基礎理論分析、以及混合 法(Mixing Rules)、等效體積元素(RVE)模型之理論推導,將演算後之壓電常 數代入有限元素分析軟體中模擬 MFC 受壓電訊號激振後的動態響應,詳細說明 FEM 數值分析對於逆壓電效應的模型建立與邊界條件的設定方式。本研究成果 呈現 MFC 之簡化理論模型,利於壓電常數演算及模擬分析;透過模擬與實驗歸 納三種 MFC 試片之動態特性,提出 MFC 應用在控制元件上之建議,並探討改 善模擬與實驗結果與加強驗證之可能性。

Three kinds of Macro Fiber Composites (MFC) are investigated through analytical, numerical, and experimental research in this study. The analytical thesis that been used to simplify the numerical model include “Mixing Rules,” “Uniform Field Method,” “Laminate Theory,” and “Representative Volume Element.” The analytical results of vibration characteristics are verified with FEM calculations. Several experimental techniques are used to measure the dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric materials. First, the full-filed optical technique, amplitude-fluctuation electronic speckle pattern interferometry (AF-ESPI), can measure simultaneously the resonant frequencies and mode shapes for out-of-plane and in-plane vibrations. Second, the pointwise measurement system, Laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV), can obtain resonant frequencies by dynamic signal swept-sine analysis. We build the LDV system as the array measurement in mechatronics and reconstructed the mode shape in comparison with AF-ESPI measurements. Third, the correspondent in-plane resonant frequencies and anti-resonant frequencies are obtained by impedance analysis. The experimental results of vibration characteristics are verified with FEM calculations. Through the analytical, numerical, and experimental result, the vibration characteristics of MFC both in out-of-plane and in-plane are been discussed. Finally, the study would provide advices for auto-control in application for future reference.

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