充電技術與鋰離子電池的性能表現以及循環壽命長短息息相關，而良好的充電技術必須同時考量充電效率、循環壽命、充電時間以及電池溫升等因素。現今大多數的充電策略僅考量充電時間以及充電損失，卻忽略電池溫度也是影響電池壽命的關鍵因素，因此本文提出基於電池等效電路模型具最小化損失之定溫度-定電壓充電法。本文之充電法分為三個階段，第一階段使用2C進行定電流(Constant Current, CC)充電，此階段加快電池充電速度但會使溫度快速上升；第二階段為定溫度充電，此階段根據電池溫度回授並透過PID控制器調控充電電流大小使得電池溫度保持固定；第三階段為定電壓(Constant Voltage, CV)充電，此階段以一固定電流持續充電至電流小於充電截止電流為止。為了找出最適合的轉態時間，本文根據庫倫積分及電池等效電路模型模擬不同轉態時間之充電時間與充電損失，因此不須進行多次的實際實驗。由實驗結果可知，本文提出之充電策略相較於相同平均溫升之定電流-定電壓(Constant Current-Constant Voltage, CC-CV)充電法改善18.6 %的充電時間及3.68 %的最大溫升。相較於相同充電時間之CC-CV充電法，所提方法則可改善11.6 %的平均溫升及5.92 %的最大溫升。

The performance and cycle life of lithium-ion batteries are closely related to charging techniques. A good charging technique should consider factors such as charging efficiency, cycle life, charging time, and battery temperature. However, most existing charging strategies only focus on charging time and charging losses while overlooking the crucial factor of battery temperature, which significantly affects battery life. Therefore, this thesis proposes a minimum-loss temperature-controlled constant voltage charging method based on a battery equivalent circuit model (ECM).
The charging method in this study consists of three stages. In the first stage, a constant current (CC) charging at 2C is applied to accelerate the charging process, but it results in a rapid temperature rise. The second stage is temperature-controlled charging, where the charging current is adjusted through a PID controller based on the battery temperature feedback to maintain a fixed temperature. The third stage is constant voltage (CV) charging, which continues until the charging current drops below the termination current. To determine the optimal transition times, this thesis utilizes Coulomb counting method and battery ECM simulations to evaluate the charging time and losses for different transition times, eliminating the need for multiple physical experiments.
Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed charging strategy improves the charging time by 18.6% and reduces the maximum temperature rise by 3.68% compared to the constant current-constant voltage (CC-CV) charging method with the same average temperature rise. Compared to the CC-CV charging method with the same charging time, the proposed method achieves an improvement of 11.6% in average temperature rise and 5.92% in maximum temperature rise.

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