近年來，3D生物列印技術廣泛被許多公司商業化，現有市售機台以擠製型3D生物列印機台為大宗，其多為固定噴頭類型之方式。本實驗室先前研究自組可換噴頭3D生物列印機台，但經由測試後發現部分模組功能嚴重影響到材料的選擇。因此本研究針對氣壓迴路系統、噴頭模組以及致冷模組進行改良，達到可應用更加多元的生物材料。
本研究改良氣壓迴路系統，使該系統具有回授功能，並且能同時設定多組氣壓迴路，達到列印時穩定輸出氣壓值，而其調控氣壓值範圍由-100~400kPa增加為-100~900kPa，因此本研究利用氣壓式微量細胞噴頭取代壓電式微量細胞噴頭，達到相同精密控制噴墨量的功能，同時能夠降低成本。噴頭模組，本研究將不同功能模組改為替換式，可依據材料特性自由加裝在噴頭模組上，並且調整熱電偶放置位置，使針筒均勻受熱以及針頭溫度與設定溫度達到一致；光源模組改良，可直接替換不同光源波長之低角度環形燈，並且安裝在噴頭模組上，因此可應用之光固化材料更加多元。致冷模組的散熱方式由側向吹風改為正下方往上吹風，以提高散熱效率，致冷溫度由原先15℃降至3.9℃。因此，本研究生物列印機，將可進行微量細胞列印功能、提高生物材料受熱均勻性以及可廣泛應用於常見的生物材料。

3D Bioprinting Technique has been widely commercialized by many companies in recent years. The present 3D bioprinters are mostly based on extrusion-based bioprinting technique, which are mostly fixed printhead types. The printhead replaceable multi-material 3D bioprinter developed in our lab in the previous study was found that some functional modules seriously affected the choice of materials after testing. Therefore, this study has improved the pneumatic-control system, the nozzle module, and the cooling module to achieve the application of more diverse biological material.
In this study, the pneumatic closed-loop control system is improved, so that the system has a feedback function, and multiple sets of air pressure circuits can be set at the same time to achieve the effect of stabilizing the output air pressure value during printing. And the range of the regulated air pressure value is increased from -100~400 kPa to -100~900kPa. Therefore, the piezoelectric micro cell nozzle is replaced by the pneumatic micro cell nozzle. Which lowering the cost but still achieve the same requirement of controlling the droplet precisely. In the nozzle module, this study changed the different function modules to the replacement type, which can be freely installed on the nozzle module according to the material characteristics, and adjust the position of the thermocouple to make the syringe heat uniformly. So the needle temperature and the set temperature are consistent. In addition, the light source module is improved. The low-angle ring lights with variable wavelength can be replaced directly and mount onto the nozzle module. Therefore, increase the applicability of different photo-curable material. In the cooling module, this study adjusted the heat dissipation method from side blowing to blowing from the bottom to the top, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency. And the cooling temperature was lowered from the original 15 °C to 3.9 °C. Therefore, the bioprinter of this study will be able to perform micro cell printing function, improve the uniformity of heating of biological materials, and can be widely applied to common biological materials.

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