對於病損血管的替換，由於自體血管的供應有限，開發合成人工血管的研究大幅增加。合成高分子之人工血管的缺陷為血管再狹窄及血栓形成。另一方面，天然高分子一般具生物相容性及生物可降解，可以彌補合成高分子的不足。明膠，由於可促進細胞貼附而無血小板聚集，在改善人工血管表面具有發展潛力。將天然高分子結合在合成高分子表面，可解決上述問題。
本論文旨在以聚胺基甲酸酯(polyurethane, PU)製作小口徑人工血管。首先以臭氧活化PU表面，再行接枝聚合丙烯酸(acrylic acid, AA)，進而將明膠(gelatin)鍵結於PU-AA表面。如此得以改善PU的表面性質、力學性質、血液相容性。
實驗結果顯示以臭氧處理30 min，PU可達最高的過氧化物及PAA的表面密度。同時，AA接枝聚合的最佳條件為30°C、60 min、AA濃度30 wt%。接觸角測試結果顯示，經表面改質的PU具有親水性。此現象符合XPS與FTIR之測試結果。
力學測試結果顯示所有改質的PU血管之爆破壓值均落在血管的一般範圍內。根據全血測試結果，與接枝明膠PU血管接觸的血液，其血小板、紅血球、白血球的濃度變化不明顯，顯示接枝明膠可有效減少血栓的形成。細胞測試結果，在接枝明膠PU血管表面的細胞增生，顯示其具有細胞相容性。
根據上述實驗結果，顯示接枝明膠的PU人工血管可抗血栓形成，故此一方法值得未來繼續研發人工血管。

The means for developing synthetic vascular grafts to replace blood vessels is increasing extensively because of the limited supply of autologous vessels. Synthetic polymers as the alternatives still suffer from restenosis and thrombus formation. Natural polymers, on the other hand, are commonly biocompatible and biodegradable, compliment with the synthetic polymers. Gelatin is one of the promising candidate to help improving synthetic vascular grafts surface owing to its ability to promote cell adhesion without promoting platelet aggregation at the surface. Synthetic polymers together with natural polymers can be combined to develop a bio-active surface modified synthetic polymers to solve the aforementioned problems.
This study is aiming to develop small caliber vascular grafts made of polyurethane (PU). PU was firstly exposed with ozone to induce free radicals on the surface, followed by graft-polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) before immobilizing gelatin. The gelatin-immobilizing PU exhibited improved surface properties, mechanical properties, cytocompatibility and hemocompatibility.
The results showed that the highest surface density of peroxides generated and PAA-grafted was reached at 30 min of ozone treatment. It was found also the optimized parameters to graft acrylic acid was 30°C, 60 min and 30% AA concentration. In addition, water contact angle measurement showed that PU became more hydrophilic after treating with ozone, grafting PAA and immobilizing gelatin. This result was in agreement with other the results from XPS and FTIR.
The burst mechanical pressure confirms that all samples are acceptable as its value is in the normal range. The whole blood test indicated that gelatin immobilization could decrease the thrombus formation. The platelet, red blood cells and white blood cells numbers varied insignificantly after incubating with gelatin-immobilized PU. MTT results also indicated cytocompatibility according to the cell growth and proliferation.
Overall result demonstrated that non-thrombogenic PU vascular grafts can be achieved by immobilizing with gelatin. This simple strategy is worthy to be further studied in the future.

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