油汙洩漏和工業廢水對於環境和人體都有著劇烈的負面影響。在這篇研究中，我們藉由環境友善製程來製備一系列具有超親水與水下超疏油特性之高分子複合材料，並將這些材料應用用於油水分離和廢水的純化。在這篇研究中包含兩個主要項目將在以下分別敘述:
在第一份研究中，我們以纖維醋酸薄膜作為基材，我們用單寧酸(tannic acid, TA)和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP)改質奈米碳管(carbon nanotube, CNT)薄膜，並利用真空過濾法將其置於纖維醋酸薄膜上。製備得到的CNT/TA/PVP薄膜表現了超親水和水下超疏油的性能。此薄膜對原油亦能展現優異的自清潔和抗污能力。此外在處理添加和無添加界面活性劑的水包油型乳化液時能展現高流速和極佳的分離效率。更甚者此薄膜能分離原油的乳化液。
在第二份研究中，我們製備一以棉花為基材的超親水材料。利用單寧酸、鐵離子(Fe3+)和聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化銨(poly(diallyl dimethylammonium chloride, PDDA)來改質棉花。此TA/Fe3+/PDDA棉花在改質後展現了超親水和水下超疏油的特性。同時TA/Fe3+/PDDA對於水包油型或油包水型乳化液的分離上都有著優異的分離表現。此外還能夠吸附水溶夜中陰離子型的染料。
我們所製備的超親水高分子複合材在實驗中擁有著很好的表現，在此同時其製備流程是環境友善且低成本的，這暗示著在實際的應用上有著相當的潛力。
關鍵字: 超親水、水下超疏油、薄膜、乳化液分離、染料吸附、單寧酸、高分子

Oil spills and industrial oily wastewater, which dramatically harmful for environmental and human health. In this study, we prepared superhydrophilic polymer composites for oil/water separation and wastewater purification through eco-friendly processes. This study includes two subjects and describes as follow, respectively:
In first research topic, we prepared oil/water separation membrane from the tannic acid (TA) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) modified carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes on cellulose acetate membrane substrates via a vacuum filtration method. The CNT/TA/PVP membranes possessed superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic properties. As-prepared membrane has excellent self-cleaning and anti-fouling properties from crude oil fouling. Furthermore, the CNT/TA/PVP membrane could be used for separations surfactant-free and surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water emulsion with high fluxes and efficiencies. Most interesting, we can separate the surfactant-stabilized crude oil-in-water emulsion by using CNT/TA/PVP membrane.
In second research attempted to, prepared a superhydrophilic cotton-based material by modifying cotton with tannic acid (TA), iron ion (Fe3+) and poly(diallyl dimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA). The TA/Fe3+/PDDA modified cotton shown superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity. Meanwhile, TA/Fe3+/PDDA modified cotton could be used for separations for both surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water and oil-in-water emulsions with excellent separation performance. Furthermore, the TA/Fe3+/PDDA modified cotton also showed an adsorption ability for anionic dyes in aqueous solutions.
Keywords: Superhydrophilic, Underwater superoleophobic, Membrane, Emulsion separation, Dye adsorption, Tannic acid, Polymer

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