主要參考CNS 15038之規範要求及試驗原理，建置ㄧ套量測天花板體積洩漏量之設備，並提供詳細之組裝細節供未來使用者參考。本研究針對不同天花板材質、天花板尺寸及施工方式，配合流體力學之學理，考慮了兩種情況，包括由下而上的氣流和由上而下的氣流，透過總計405次之試驗，進行了一套測量天花板體積洩漏量的試驗，以提出不同尺寸及不同材質天花板之體積洩漏量評估方式。研究發現如下：
1.天花板洩煙量向上蔓延：以氣流由下而上之情況而言，壓差、板材重量及板材尺寸，皆與體積洩漏量呈現相對之關係；壓差越大時體積洩漏量越大，板材重量越大時體積洩漏量越小，板材尺寸越大時體積洩漏量越大。
2.天花板洩煙量向下蔓延：以氣流由上而下之情況而言，當天花板材質不同時，即使天花板尺寸相同，也會產生不同之體積洩漏量；當天花板材質相同，而天花板尺寸不同時，並不是板材尺寸越大時，體積洩漏量有越大之正比關係，最大片板材造成之體積洩漏量反而是最小。
3.體積洩漏量評估表：本研究最後提出ㄧ個天花板整體之體積洩漏量評估表，未來可供工程師計算煙的體積洩漏量值，進而推估煙層下降時間，以利照護空間逃生避難設計。
4.安全係數：將洩煙量試驗結果，透過兩間五人型照護空間為一組單元，進行FDS檢證，對於避難容許時間評估結果的差異性進行比較分析，以不同研究方法修正避難容許時間。對於評估10Pa、25Pa、50Pa壓差下之避難容許時間，應將既有評估結果分別進行98.35%、98.66%、98.82%之安全係數修正。
5.消防設備啟動：提出消防設備改善洩煙量的評估方法，透過不同排煙方法檢證照護空間天花板洩煙量與避難容許時間相關性。本研究六個檢證模組中，當火災發生時，起火室照護空間均採離室避難為原則。當火災初期控制成功時，啟動撒水設備、啟動自然排煙等兩種情形，非起火室照護空間可採初期就地避難；此外，無開口狀態、啟動機械負壓排煙、啟動機械正壓排煙及留設排煙口、啟動機械正壓及負壓排煙等四種情形，非起火室照護空間仍採離室避難。
　　善用本研究成果，可以得到及評估在各種天花板及各種壓差情況下，非起火室之洩煙量值，進而可推估其煙層下降時間，以利逃生避難設計計算。本儀器設備經證明對於天花板有正確之洩漏量檢測能力，未來如延伸系統設計原理，可應用於其他防火產品之遮煙能力檢測。

　　With reference to the requirements of CNS 15038 and testing principles, this study proposes a set of equipment for measuring the leakage volume of ceilings and provides detailed assembly specifications for future users. In this study, a total of 405 tests were conducted as part of a set of experiments for measuring the leakage volume of ceilings, using various ceiling materials, ceiling sizes, and construction methods, in conjunction with the principles of fluid mechanics, two cases—bottom-up airflow and top-down airflow—were considered, to propose a method for evaluating the leakage volume of ceilings of various sizes and materials. According to our research findings as follows:
1.Ceiling smoke leakage diffuse upward: In the case of bottom-up airflow, the pressure difference, panel weight, and panel size were correlated with the leakage volume; the more significant the pressure difference, the larger the leakage volume; the heavier the panel weight, the more minor the leakage volume; and the larger the panel size, the more significant the leakage volume.
2.Ceiling smoke leakage diffuse downward: On the other hand, in the case of top-down airflow, different leakage volumes were observed for different ceiling materials, even if the ceiling size was identical. On the other hand, when the ceiling material was the same, and the ceiling size was different, there was not a positive correlation between the leakage volume and a larger panel size; instead, the leakage volume observed for the largest panel was the smallest.
3.A volumetric leakage assessment table: Finally, in this study we propose a volumetric leakage assessment table for assessing a ceiling as a whole, which can be utilized by engineers in the future to calculate the smoke leakage value and to estimate the smoke fall time for healthcare occupancy escape designs.
4.Safety factor: The results of the smoke leakage test were carried out through two five-person healthcare occupancies as a group unit for FDS verification, and the differences in the evaluation results of the available safety egress time were compared and analyzed, and the available safety egress time was corrected with different research methods. For the evaluation of the available safety egress time under the pressure difference of 10Pa, 25Pa, and 50Pa, the existing evaluation results should be revised with safety factors of 98.35%, 98.66%, and 98.82%, respectively.
5.Activation of firefighting equipment: An evaluation method for improving the smoke discharge volume of firefighting equipment is proposed, and the correlation between ceiling smoke leakage and available safety egress time in the healthcare occupancies are verified through different smoke exhaust methods. In the six verification modules of this study, when a fire occurs, the healthcare occupancy in the fire room adopts the principle of evacuation from the room. When the fire is successfully controlled at the initial stage, in the two situations of starting water sprinkler equipment and starting natural smoke exhaust, the non-fire room healthcare occupancy can adopt on-site evacuation; in addition, in the four situations of no opening state, start of mechanical negative pressure smoke exhaust, start of mechanical positive pressure smoke exhaust and leave a smoke exhaust port, start of mechanical positive pressure and negative pressure smoke exhaust, the non-fire room healthcare occupancy still adopts evacuation from the room.
　　Through the application of this study, the smoke leakage value of a room not containing a fire can be evaluated under various pressure differences, which can be used to estimate the smoke descent time to facilitate calculations relating to evacuations. Based on its proven leakage detection capability for ceilings, this apparatus and equipment can be applied to other fire prevention products for smoke detection purposes in the future through the derivation of its system design principles.

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