研究生: |
李典璋 Dian-Zhang Li |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
鎂合金/聚乳酸複合動靜脈瘻管支架的開發與驗證 Development and Validation of Magnesium Alloy/Polylactic Acid Composite Arteriovenous Fistula Stent |
指導教授: |
張復瑜
Fuh-Yu Chang |
口試委員: |
徐慶琪
Ching-Chi Hsu 鄧秉敦 Ping-tun Teng |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
工程學院 - 機械工程系 Department of Mechanical Engineering |
論文出版年: | 2023 |
畢業學年度: | 111 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 127 |
中文關鍵詞: | 動靜脈瘻管 、鎂合金支架 、聚乳酸自擴張支架 、有限元素法 |
外文關鍵詞: | arteriovenous fistula, magnesium alloy stent, polylactic acid self-expanding stent, finite element method |
相關次數: | 點閱:199 下載:0 |
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自體動靜脈瘻管(Arteriovenous Fistula, AVF)因其擁有較高的暢通率與較少的併發症,被認為是末期腎臟病患者接受血液透析(Hemodialysis, HD)之血管通路首選。而生物可降解鎂合金為一種新型的支架材料且備受關注,因為其能夠在為血管提供足夠徑向強度的同時被人體吸收,避免了使用永久性支架可能引起的長期不相容性與需要二次手術的問題。然而,鎂合金的材料特性在通過氣球擴張時會發生塑性變形,導致當靜脈逐漸成熟時,鎂合金支架無法隨著靜脈擴張而擴大,從而造成支架位移、血栓形成或靜脈閉塞等問題產生,最終可能導致動靜脈瘻管通路失效。本研究開發一款鎂合金/聚乳酸複合動靜脈瘻管支架,此新型支架不僅能在植入後加速靜脈成熟化,且能隨靜脈瘻管擴張而同步自行擴張。
本研究首先透過有限元素分析(Finite Element Method, FEM),設計一款聚乳酸自擴張支架,用於輔助鎂合金支架隨降解及靜脈擴張而同步擴張。同時,為解決所設計聚乳酸支架長時間壓縮所導致回彈量下降的問題,本研究以熱塑性聚氨酯(Thermoplastic Polyurethane, TPU)製作支架覆膜。接著,本研究設計一款模擬降解後鎂合金支架之聚乳酸支架(簡稱模擬降解支架) 以進行聚乳酸自擴張支架性能驗證。結果顯示,設計之自擴張覆膜支架可將模擬降解支架外徑擴張至6.17mm,成功達成本研究自擴張後大於5mm的目標。另外,徑向力量測實驗指出支架覆膜提高了自擴張支架的徑向強度,從原先之0.856N/mm增加至1.04N/mm,增加了21.495%。最後進行體外降解模擬實驗,以模擬鎂合金/聚乳酸複合動靜脈瘻管支架在生物體內降解及擴張的情況。體外降解結果顯示,本研究所開發的鎂合金/聚乳酸複合動靜脈瘻管支架在磷酸鹽生理食鹽水(Phosphate Buffered Saline, PBS)中降解8-9天後能自擴張至瘻管成熟化標準直徑5mm。
Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is considered to be the preferred vascular pathway for end-stage renal disease patients receiving hemodialysis (HD), due to its high patency rate and few complications. The biodegradable magnesium alloy stent is a new product and has attracted much attention, because it can provide sufficient radial strength for blood vessels after implanted and be absorbed by the body after a period of time, avoiding the long-term incompatibility and the need for secondary surgery. However, the magnesium alloy stent is undergo plastic deformation when it is expanded by the balloon, so the stent diameter cannot keep growing with the expansion of the vein when the vein gradually matures in the AVF treatment. Therefore, problems such as stent migration, thrombosis or venous occlusion may occur and eventually lead to the failure of the AVF access. In this study, a magnesium alloy/polylactic acid (Mg/PLA) composite stent for AVF was developed. This new stent can not only accelerate venous maturation after implantation, but also self-expand simultaneously with the expansion of venous fistula.
In this study, a polylactic acid (PLA) self-expanding stent was designed through finite element method (FEM) to assist the magnesium alloy stent to expand simultaneously with the venous dilation. At the same time, in order to solve the problem of decreased resilience caused by long-term compression of the designed self-expanding stent, a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) membrane was added to the stent. Then, a PLA scaffold simulated the magnesium alloy stent after degradation was designed and fabricated to verify the performance of the covered PLA self-expanding stent. The verification results show that the covered self-expanding stent can expand the outer diameter of the simulated scaffold to 6.17mm, which successfully achieves the goal of the study, more than 5mm after the expansion. In addition, the radial strength of the covered self-expanding stent increased from 0.856N/mm of the uncovered stent to 1.04N/mm, an increase of 21.495%. Finally, in vitro degradation experiment was conducted to simulate the degradation and expansion of Mg/PLA composite AVF stent in vivo. In vitro experiment results showed that the Mg/PLA composite AVF stent developed in this study could self-expand to the standard matured fistula diameter, 5mm, after 8-9 days of degradation in phosphate buffered saline (PBS).
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