本論文以 (100-x)(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-xBaTiO3，x = 0~12% (簡稱 BNT-xBT) 壓電陶瓷系統，進行巨觀電性 (介電、鐵電、壓電) 之量測，並搭配穿透式電子顯微鏡 (Transmission Electron Microscopy, TEM) 與壓電響應力顯微鏡 (Piezoresponse Force Microscopy, PFM) 分析結果來解釋不同 Ba2+ 含量下物理特性及其微觀電域形貌，並用此方式來比較 MPB 區間和其他區域的不同，找出解釋大應變機制的原因。
　　在巨觀電性中發現，隨 Ba2+ 含量添加到 MPB 區間 ( BNT-xBT，x = 6~8%) ，P-E 與 S-E 曲線由本來的標準鐵電材料之 ”矩形” 與 ”蝴蝶” 狀曲線，變成類似反鐵電材料之 “船槳” 狀 P-E 與 “ V “ 狀之 S-E 曲線。另外由 TEM 的檢測中發現在 Pure BNT 晶粒內具有 R3c 對稱結構之片狀電域。但隨 Ba2+ 含量增加至 MPB 區間，開始有中間相 Pnma 相生成，從 PFM 對材料內部進行微區應變量測曲線中也可以看到一個特別的現象，在微觀電性曲線底部開始有曲線分開的現象，會有此現象是由於 Pnma 相生成所導致。隨著 Ba2+ 含量增加至 MPB 區間外 ( BNT-xBT，x = 9~12%)， Pnma 相消失並且取而代之是長程層狀 (Lamellar) 的 電域產生，此時材料逐漸變成穩定的正方晶 (Tetragonal) 結構。而在 PFM 中電域形貌的分析中可以看到材料內部長程 Lamellar 電域則開始出現，與 TEM 的結果相同，所以由 TEM 與 PFM 中看到的現象說明，造成此系統會有大應變機制可能是由於中間相 Pnma 相的生成所以才會造成材料內部相變化。
　　根據 TEM 分析的結果對相圖中的修正中看到，在未添加 BaTiO3 時是 R3c 的結構，一直到隨著 Ba2+ 含量添加到 3~5% 時開始出現有 P4bm生成；而當 Ba2+ 含量增加到 6~8% 時，除了 R3c 與P4bm 共存之外也開始有造成大應變機制的 Pnma 相開始生成。最後當 Ba2+ 含量提高到 9~12% 時，看到具有 R 相鐵電相的 R3c 結構消失，而淨偶極矩 Pnma 結構也會消失只剩下 T 相鐵電 P4bm 與 P4mm 結構電域穩定生成。
　　最後，藉由改變燒結方式，利用微波燒結 BNT-7BT 壓電陶瓷，發現 BNT-7BT 壓電陶瓷除了燒結溫度降低之外，巨觀電性的應變量也大幅提升到 0.4%，而在 PFM 中的電域形貌也可以看的出來 PNRs 較傳統燒結後的結果還要來的明顯，因此證實微波燒結會降低稍結溫度，提高試片密度，並降低材料在燒結果程中 Bi 揮發量，所以造成系統的特性大幅提升。

　　In this work, (100-x) (Bi0.5Na0.5) TiO3-x BaTiO3 (abbreviated as BNT-xBT with x = 0 ~12%) were prepared by the oxide mixing route. Macroscopic electrical measurements (dielectric, ferroelectric, piezoelectric) were conducted and an analysis was carried out using TEM(Transmission Electron Microscopy) and PFM(Piezoresponse Force Microscopy) to explain the physical characteristics under different compositions of Ba2+ .
　　Macroscopic investigation showed that with Ba2+ compositions near the MPB range (BNT-xBT, x = 6 ~ 8%), P-E and S-E curves change from ferroelectric which are like “square” and “butterfly” shape into anti-ferroelectric that shows “paddle” and “V” shape. Pure BNT grains showed flakes like domain of R3c symmetry from TEM investigation. Intermediate phase Pnma starts to appear as the content of the Ba2+ increased to MPB region. From the PFM data, we can see anti-ferroelectric V-shape and ferroelectric butterfly shapes curves co-exist together. With Ba2+ content increases beyond the MPB region (BNT-xBT, x = 9 ~ 12%), Pnma phase disappeared and is replaced by long-layered (Lamellar) domain and it gradually change to tetragonal structure. TEM analysis showed that before adding BaTiO3 is R3c structure, as the Ba2+ content increases to 3-5% the P4bm starts to appear. When Ba2+ increases 6-8% R3c structure and P4bm co-exist, we also can see Pnma starts appearing which relates to the large strain. Finally, as Ba2+ increases to 9~12% R3c structure in the ferroelectric R-phase disappeared and Pnma phase also disappeared, only T-phase with P4bm and P4mm domain withstand.
　　It was confirmed that microwave sintering can reduce the sintering temperature and showed slight improvement in the density of the prepared samples, and reduced the volatility of the Bismuth during the sintering process which improves the overall quality characteristics of the prepared specimens.

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