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研究生： 阮明孝
Hieu - Minh Nguyen
論文名稱： 纖維加固高性能混凝土工程性質與耐久性能之研究
The Study on The Engineering and Durability Properties of Fiber Reinforced High-performance Concrete
指導教授： 黃兆龍
Chao-Lung Hwang
口試委員: 王和源
Her-Yung Wang
林利國
Lee-Kuo Lin
陳君弢
Chun-Tao Chen
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工程學院 - 營建工程系
Department of Civil and Construction Engineering
論文出版年： 2016
畢業學年度： 104
語文別： 英文
論文頁數： 155
中文關鍵詞： 聚丙烯纖維 、鋼纖維 、纖維加固高性能混凝土 、機械性質 、耐久性
外文關鍵詞： polypropylene fibers, steel fibers, fiber reinforced high-performance concrete, mechanical properties, durability
相關次數： 點閱：284  下載：4 
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  •  上一筆

    • 本研究使用固態工業廢棄物：飛灰（FA）和稻殼灰（RHA）取代部分水泥生產纖維加固高性能混凝土（FRHPC）。使用黃氏緻密配比法（DMDA），將稻殼灰取代部分細骨料（0-30％）被應用來設計FRHPC的配比。此外，本研究也針對纖維對20％稻殼灰取代部分細骨料並且添加大量飛灰高性能混凝土的工程性質進行探討。本研究使用了兩種纖維，聚丙烯纖維和鋼纖維，各自添加了0.4%、0.8％、1.2％和1.6％的混凝土體積量。另外，使用50%聚丙烯和50%鋼纖維的混合纖維，此組配比被用來明確判定纖維的效果。綜合研究結果以確定FRHPC的新拌性質與硬固性質，包括了新拌混凝土試驗：如工作性、單位重；硬固混凝土試驗：如抗壓強度、劈裂強度、抗彎強度、動彈性模數、乾縮、氯離子滲透、表面電阻率和超音波速等。實驗結果顯示，纖維的類型與含量對於混凝土的工作幸有極大的影響。即使聚丙烯纖維與鋼纖維的摻雜阻礙了FRHPC的流動性，但透過強塑劑（SP）的幫助下，所有混凝土配比仍可得到良好的工作性。混凝土的抗壓強度和動彈性模數透過加入部分體積的聚丙烯纖受到了影響。然而，混凝土的性能透過添加強塑劑得到了改善。添加聚丙烯纖維並不會對混凝土的劈拉以及抗彎強度造成顯著的影響，但是添加SF以及HF會對於兩者造成很大的變化。隨著SF的添加量不同，混凝土在齡期91天時的抗壓強度、劈裂強度以及抗彎強度，分別為63.6-79.9MPa、7.4- 10.3MPa、9.0-11.6Mpa。 添加混合纖維後FRHPC的乾縮量會顯著的降低。總體來看，所有的配比乾縮量均小於1％。此外，纖維的添加不會對混凝土耐久性有顯著的效果。電阻、氯離子滲透和超音波速的試驗結果表明了FRHPC有足夠的耐久性對抗惡化，並且有著低滲透性以及最低幅度的鋼筋腐蝕速率。

    This study uses solid industrial wastes of fly ash (FA) and rice husk ash (RHA) to partially replace the amount of cement used for producing the fiber reinforced high-performance concrete (FRHPC). Densified mixture design algorithm (DMDA) and using RHA as a partial fine aggregate replacement (0-30%) were applied to design the mixture proportion for FRHPC. In addition, the effects of fibers on the engineering properties of the 20% RHA replacement added high volume FA HPC were also investigated in the present study. Two types of fibers, polypropylene (PP) and steel fibers (SF), with the inclusion dosage of each 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2%, and 1.6% by volume of concrete were used. Moreover, a hybrid fiber (HF), which is a mix of PP (50%) and SF (50%) were used to identify the clear effect of fibers. Comprehensive laboratory tests were conducted in order to evaluate both fresh and hardened properties of FRHPC, including fresh concrete tests such as workability and unit weight and hardened concrete tests such as compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, dynamic modulus, drying shrinkage, chloride-ion penetration, electrical surface resistivity and ultrasonic pulse velocity. Experimental results indicated that fiber types and contents greatly influenced concrete workability. Even though the inclusion of both SF and PP hindered the flowability of FRHPC, but with the help of superplasticizer (SP), all concrete mixtures still obtained good workability. Compressive strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity and rigidity of concrete were affected by the addition as well as volume fraction of PP fibers. However, the properties of concrete were improved by the incorporation of SF. Splitting tensile and flexural strengths of concrete became increasingly less influenced by the inclusion of PP fibers and increasingly more influenced by the addition of SF and HF. Compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength of SF addition mixture ranged, respectively, between 63.6-79.9 MPa, 7.4- 10.3 MPa and 9.0-11.6 MPa at the 91 days age. Drying shrinkage of FRHPC reduced significantly with the addition of all fiber types. Generally, the drying shrinkage values of all mixtures were less than 1%. Furthermore, the inclusion of fibers did not have significant effect on the durability of the concrete. Test results of electrical resistivity, chloride ion penetration, and ultrasonic pulse velocity demonstrated that FRHPC had enough endurance against deterioration, lower penetrability, and minimum reinforcement corrosion rate.

    Table and Contents Abstract i Acknowledgements iii List of Tables vii List of Figures viii English and Greek Alphabetical Notations xii Chapter I Introduction 1.1 General Introduction 1 1.2 Aim and objective of the research 3 1.3 Schematic diagram of the study 3 Chapter II Literature Review 2.1 Overview of high-performance concrete 6 2.2 Historical and recent of using fly ash and rice husk ash in concrete 7 2.3 Historical and recent overviews of fiber application in concrete 11 2.4 Literature reviews in combination of fiber reinforced concrete with pozzolanic materials high performance concrete 15 2.5 Thesis significance in comparison to previous study 23 2.6 Summary on the literature review 24 Chapter III Materials, properties, experimental methods, and mixture design 3.1 Material properties 42 3.1.1 Portland cement, fly ash and rice husk ash 42 3.1.2 Coarse and fine aggregates 43 3.1.3 Steel and polypropylene fibers 44 3.1.4 Superplasticizer and mixing water 45 3.2 Experimental test methods and laboratory equipment 46 3.2.1 Workability properties of fresh concrete 46 3.2.2 Mechanical properties of hardened concrete 47 3.2.3 Durability properties of hardened concrete 53 3.3 Mixture design procedure 62 3.3.1 Densified mixture design algorithm (DMDA) method 62 3.3.2 Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for laboratory concrete mixing 74 3.3.3 Remarks for mixture proportion as shown in Table 3.6 75 Chapter IV Results and Discussions 4.1 Properties of fresh concrete 78 4.1.1 Workability 78 4.1.2 Unit weight 79 4.2 Engineering properties of hardened concrete 81 4.2.1 Compressive strength 81 4.2.2 Splitting tensile strength 89 4.2.3 Flexural strength 94 4.2.4 Dynamic modulus of elasticity and rigidity 105 4.2.5 Drying shrinkage 107 4.3 Durability properties of hardened concrete 111 4.3.1 Chloride-ion penetration resistivity 111 4.3.2 Electrical surface resistivity 114 4.3.3 Ultrasonic pulse velocity 117 Chapter V Conclusion and Suggestions 5.1 Conclusion 121 5.2 Suggestions 124 References 125   List of Tables Table 2.1 Fiber types and properties 14 Table 3.1 Physical and chemical properties of Portland cement, FA and RHA 43 Table 3.2 Sieve analysis and fineness modulus test results 44 Table 3.3 Chloride-ion penetrability based on charge passed 58 Table 3.4 Summary rating table for quality control of SR 60 Table 3.5 Suggested pulse velocity of concrete 61 Table 3.6 Mixture proportion of high-performance concrete 77 Table 4.1 Properties of fresh concrete 79 Table 4.2 Dynamic modulus of elasticity and rigidity of FRHPC 106   List of Figures Figure 1.1 Flow chart for laboratory experimental work 5 Figure 2.1 Fracture surface of steel fiber reinforced concrete 13 Figure 2.2 Typical free shrinkage of high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete: a include silica fume, b include blast-furnace slag 22 Figure 3.1 Class-F FA and RHA 42 Figure 3.2 Steel fiber 45 Figure 3.3 Polypropylene fiber 45 Figure 3.4 Curing of concrete specimens 47 Figure 3.5 Jig for aligning concrete cylinder and bearing strips and compression test machine 48 Figure 3.6 Universal testing machine 50 Figure 3.7 Mold for drying shrinkage test and length comparator 52 Figure 3.8 Measurement apparatus for dynamic modulus 53 Figure 3.9 Vacuum pump 56 Figure 3.10 Applied voltage cell-face view 56 Figure 3.11 Test setup for chloride ion penetration 57 Figure 3.12 ASTM C1202 test setup 57 Figure 3.13 Four – point Wenner array probe AASHTO T277 test setup 57 Figure 3.14 Specimen marking for electrical resistivity test 59 Figure 3.15 Measurement device for electrical surface resistivity 59 Figure 3.16 Ultrasonic test equipment 62 Figure 3.17 Schematic diagram of aggregate packaging for DMDA 65 Figure 3.18 Preparation of sand for Alpha test 66 Figure 3.19 Blended aggregate sample quartering 67 Figure 3.20 Measuring container for coarse aggregate 68 Figure 3.21 Densified aggregate structure 71 Figure 4.1 Slump and slump flow of concrete with different RHA contents 80 Figure 4.2 Slump and slump flow of concrete with different SF contents 80 Figure 4.3 Slump and slump flow of concrete with different PP contents 81 Figure 4.4 Slump and slump flow of concrete with different HF contents 81 Figure 4.5(a) Compressive strength development of concrete with different RHA contents 85 Figure 4.5(b) Effect of RHA content on compressive strength of concrete 85 Figure 4.6(a) Compressive strength development of concrete with different SF contents 86 Figure 4.6(b) Effect of SF content on compressive strength of concrete 86 Figure 4.7(a) Compressive strength development of concrete with different PP contents 87 Figure 4.7(b) Effect of PP content on compressive strength of concrete 87 Figure 4.8(a) Compressive strength development of concrete with different HF contents 88 Figure 4.8(b) Effect of HF content on compressive strength of concrete 88 Figure 4.9(a) Splitting tensile strength development of concrete with different RHA contents 91 Figure 4.9(b) Effect of RHA content on splitting tensile strength of concrete 91 Figure 4.10(a) Splitting tensile strength development of concrete with different SF contents 92 Figure 4.10(b) Effect of SF content on splitting tensile strength of concrete 92 Figure 4.11(a) Splitting tensile strength development of concrete with different PP contents 93 Figure 4.11(b) Effect of PP content on splitting tensile strength of concrete 93 Figure 4.12(a) Splitting tensile strength development of concrete with different HF contents 94 Figure 4.12(b) Effect of HF content on splitting tensile strength of concrete 94 Figure 4.13 Flexural strength test of concrete with different RHA contents before and after loading 96 Figure 4.14 Flexural strength test of concrete with different SF contents before and after loading 96 Figure 4.15 Flexural strength test of concrete with different PP contents before and after loading 97 Figure 4.16 Flexural strength test of concrete with different HF contents before and after loading 97 Figure 4.17 Flexural strength of concrete with different RHA contents 99 Figure 4.18 Flexural strength of concrete with different SF contents 100 Figure 4.19 Flexural strength of concrete with different PP contents 100 Figure 4.20 Flexural strength of concrete with different HF contents 101 Figure 4.21 Effect of RHA content flexural strength of concrete 101 Figure 4.22 Effect of SF content on flexural strength of concrete 102 Figure 4.23 Effect of PP content on flexural strength of concrete 102 Figure 4.24 Effect of HF content on flexural strength of concrete 103 Figure 4.25 Comparison correlation between compressive strength and modulus of ruptured parameters for FRHPC at 28 days: laboratory result and ACI code 104 Figure 4.26 Drying shrinkage of concrete with different RHA contents 109 Figure 4.27 Drying shrinkage of concrete with different SF contents 109 Figure 4.28 Drying shrinkage of concrete with different PP contents 110 Figure 4.29 Drying shrinkage of concrete with different HF contents 110 Figure 4.30 Chloride ion penetration of concrete with different RHA contents 112 Figure 4.31 Chloride ion penetration of concrete with different SF contents 113 Figure 4.32 Chloride ion penetration of concrete with different PP contents 113 Figure 4.33 Chloride ion penetration of concrete with different HF contents 114 Figure 4.34 Electrical resistivity of concrete with different RHA contents 116 Figure 4.35 Electrical resistivity of concrete with different SF contents 116 Figure 4.36 Electrical resistivity of concrete with different PP contents 117 Figure 4.37 Electrical resistivity of concrete with different HF contents 117 Figure 4.38 Ultrasonic pulse velocity of concrete with different RHA contents 119 Figure 4.39 Ultrasonic pulse velocity of concrete with different SF contents 119 Figure 4.40 Ultrasonic pulse velocity of concrete with different PP contents 120 Figure 4.41 Ultrasonic pulse velocity of concrete with different HF contents 120

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