原油外洩和工業廢水的排放都是對我們人類的生活、經濟有著嚴重的影響。在此篇研究中，藉由環境友善方法(不使用有機溶劑)來製備一具有超親水與水下超疏油特性之複合材料並將此複合材料應用於原油的防污、油水分離和乳化液分離等方面。
我們以不鏽鋼鐵網(stainless steel mesh, SM)和聚丙烯(Polypropylene, PP)薄膜作為基材，首先用單寧酸(tannic acid, TA)和鐵離子(Fe3+)第一步改質得到TA/Fe@SM和TA/Fe@PP，在第二步將TA/Fe@SM分別用賴氨酸(lysine, Lys)和半胱胺酸(cysteine, Cys)改質分別得到TA/Fe/Lys@SM和TA/Fe/Cys@SM。兩者在皆呈現超親水與水中超疏油特性，其中尤其以Lys的改質方法有較好的表現，且對原油表現出相當優異的自清結和抗汙能力，並可應用於油水分離。故在TA/Fe@PP的實驗亦採用Lys做第二步改質得到TA/Fe/Lys@PP。TA/Fe/Lys@PP也展現超親水與水下超疏油特性。在表現自清潔效能之外，TA/Fe/Lys@PP也能夠處理添加界面活性劑的水包油乳化液同時有著卓越的通量和分離效率。在此同時亦能進行原油乳化液的分離。
在這份研究中，我們製備的超親水複合材料在油水分離實驗以及水下抗污方面中有卓越的表現，且製備過程是環境友善且低成本的，這也同時代表它極具工業應用的潛力和發展性。

In this study, we reported an eco-friendly method to prepare superwetting composites. Stainless steel meshes (SM) and polypropylene (PP) membranes were used as substrates. Substrates were modified by tannic acid (TA) and iron ion (Fe3+) to prepare TA/Fe@SM and TA/Fe@PP. Subsequently, TA/Fe@SM was modified by lysine (Lys) or Cysteine (Cys) to obtain TA/Fe/Lys@SM or TA/Fe/Cys@SM. Both TA/Fe/Lys@SM and TA/Fe/Cys@SM exhibited superhydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity. Prewetted TA/Fe/Lys@SM shows better anti-fouling performance than that of TA/Fe/Cys@SM with excellent self-cleaning properties toward crude oil and can be used for oil/water separation. We also modified TA/Fe@PP by Lys to obtain TA/Fe/Lys@PP, which exhibited superwetting properties and can be used for separating surfactant-stabilized oil-in-water emulsions with outstanding a separation performance. The high performance of our TA/Fe/Lys@SM and TA/Fe/Lys@PP and their green, low-energy, cost-effective preparation suggest their great potential for practical applications.

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