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研究生: 姚念宏
Nian-Hong Yao
論文名稱: 無槽式永磁無刷直流電動機之設計及製作
Design and Implementation of Slotless DC Brushless Permanent-Magnet Motors
指導教授: 黃仲欽
Jonq-Chin Hwang
口試委員: 葉勝年
Sheng-Nian Yeh
林法正
Faa-Jeng Lin
連國龍
Kuo-Lung Lian
劉傳聖
Chuan-Sheng Liu
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電資學院 - 電機工程系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2010
畢業學年度: 98
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 106
中文關鍵詞: 無刷直流電動機無槽式
外文關鍵詞: slotless motor, DC Brushless Permanent-Magnet Motors
相關次數: 點閱:177下載:13
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  • 本文旨在設計及製作高轉速場合應用之無槽式永磁無刷直流電動機,如高速離心機等產品;並發展出無槽式永磁無刷直流電動機設計之最佳化流程。文中提出ㄧ種創新無槽式電機模鑄線圈的製作流程,可改善傳統無槽式電機製程;採用電子絕緣散熱材料鑄型,可有效排出因導體所產生的熱量,故溫昇相當的低,且因電機的無齒槽,消除了由齒槽效應所產生的頓轉轉矩,於高速運轉時,噪聲及振動都相當的低。
    本文無槽式永磁無刷直流電動機為4 極12線圈繞組之結構,線圈繞組並採用分佈繞全節距之繞線方式,使各線圈繞組為各差 電機角,此如線圈繞組配置磁通利用率為最好,且能抑制總諧波失真率的產生。本文先藉由理論公式分析推導取得最佳化之無槽式電機尺寸,再配合有限元素磁路分析套裝軟體Ansoft Maxwell_2D進行電機之磁路、頓轉轉矩及感應電動勢之分析,以完成無槽式電機幾何尺寸、線圈繞組、鐵心及磁石等材質的最佳化設計。
    本文已完成三相無槽式電機模鑄線圈,其在轉速為13,500 rpm,頻率為450 Hz運轉情況之下,分析其額定轉矩為0.21 N-m,頓轉轉矩為2×10-8 N-m,其比值為9.52×10-6 % ,故可驗證此頓轉轉矩相當低;感應電動勢相電壓峰值為12.1 V,相電壓總諧波失真率為4.58 %。本文無槽式電機安裝及校正完成霍爾感測元件電路,並量得無槽式電機之直軸電感為47.14 μH 、交軸電感為48.12 μH,每相定子繞組電阻為0.2368Ω及轉子等效平均磁通鏈為4.23 V-s/rad。


    This thesis is concerned with the analysis, optimum design and production of slotless DC brushless permanent-magnet motors for high-speed applications such as centrifuge. The reason of proposing the kind of innovation with slotless motor molded coil production manufacturing is to improve the traditional slotless motor manufacturing. Temperature could be much lower by using electronic thermal insulating material mold, which can effectively discharge the heat generated by coil. Due to the fact that the motor is slotless, cogging torque induced by slot effect is reduced, thereby results in low noise and vibration in high-speed operation.
    A 4-poles, 12 coil windings is proposed for the slotless motor. Full-pitch distributed winding is adopted to yield a difference of 180 electrical degrees between any two of three-phase windings. This will result in the best utilization rate of the magnetic flux generated by the coils. The total harmonic distortion of the induced phase voltage will also be reduced accordingly. Theoretical derivations are first given to obtain optimum parameters such as air-gap flux density, rated voltage and current, etc. Analysis by finite element electromagnetic-field analysis software package, Ansoft/Maxwell_2D, is conducted to justify the characteristics obtained through the derivations mentioned above. Finally, the material of the permanent-magnet, number of coil winding as well as the geometric dimensions of the slotless motor are determined.
    A slotless motor molded coils winding is built. Experimental results show that the operating speed is 13,500 rpm and the frequency is 450 Hz, the rated torque is 0.21 N-m, and the cogging torque is 2×10-8 N-m, the ratio is 9.52×10-6 %, which shows the cogging torque is very low. The induced voltage and harmonic distortion measured are 12.1 V and 4.58 %, respectively. Furthermore, this slotless motor installation and calibration is completed with Hall sensor circuit. Direction-axis and quadrature-axis inductances measured are 47.14 μHand 48.12 μH, correspondingly, with the winding resistance Rs of 0.2368Ω and flux linkage of 4.229V-s/rad.

    目錄 中文摘要 I 英文摘要 II 誌 謝 III 目 錄 IV 符號索引 VII 圖表索引 XI 第一章、緒論 1 1.1 研究動機及目的 1 1.2 文獻之探討 4 1.3 本文的電機規格及特色 6 1.4 本文大綱 8 第二章、三相永磁式無刷直流電動機之分析及數學模式 9 2.1 前言 9 2.2永磁式無刷直流電動機之結構及分類 10 2.2.1 永磁材料定子與轉子幾何結構的選擇 10 2.2.2 永磁材料及鐵心材料的選用 13 2.2.3 永磁式無刷直流電機之定子繞組組態 17 2.3 永磁式無刷直流電動機之數學模式 21 2.3.1 座標軸轉換關係 21 2.3.2 abc軸之數學模式 23 2.3.3 交直零軸之數學模式 25 2.4 結語 26 第三章、無槽式永磁無刷直流電動機之設計及分析 27 3.1 前言 27 3.2 無槽式永磁無刷直流電動機之分析 31 3.2.1 磁路特性分析及性能計算 32 3.2.2 無槽式永磁無刷直流電動機之感應電動勢分析 54 3.2.3 理論磁路計算設計與模擬分析結果 55 3.2.4 頓轉轉矩分析 55 3.3 無槽式永磁無刷直流電動機之性能評估 57 3.4 結語 58 第四章、無槽式永磁無刷直流電動機的試作及參數量測 59 4.1 前言 59 4.2 模鑄線圈的設計 59 4.2.1 無槽式線圈繞線及入線治具的製作 60 4.3 電機的參數量測 65 4.3.1 感應電動勢的量測 66 4.3.2 轉子等效磁通鏈的量測 69 4.3.3 霍爾效應偵測元件之校正 71 4.3.4 各相定子繞組電阻的量測 74 4.3.5 轉子磁通密度的量測 74 4.3.6 交、直軸電感的量測 75 4.4結語 78 第五章、結論與未來研究方向 79 5.1 結論 79 5.2 未來研究方向 80 參考文獻 81 附錄A 4極6槽高速無刷直流電動機分析與實測 84 附錄B 新日鐵-電磁矽鋼片性質表 103 附錄C 電壓量測及總諧波失真定義 104 作者簡介 106

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