液滴撞擊固體平板上之研究已逾一世紀，許多文章已討論不同物理條件對液滴擴
張的影響結果。例如：增加撞擊速度或液滴直徑會使撞擊後擴張速度加快；增加表面
能或液體黏度將會使擴張速度減緩等。
本研究探討兩個議題：(1)平板效應−−使用五種不同材質的平板，其純水液體在
不同平板上之平衡接觸角之大小依序為paraffin>Teflon>rough glass>quartz>clean
glass。使純水液滴撞擊平板，再從中分別探討較親水與較疏水材質間的差異。；(2)
界劑效應−−使用不同界劑水溶液液滴撞擊於乾淨玻璃平板上，液滴撞擊平板後，擴張
的過程表面積為原來滴落液滴的6~10 倍，分別比較不同表面張力液滴於撞擊固體平
板後，液滴擴張的的情況。
利用高速攝影取像、並從液滴影像所取得之液滴邊界，分別計算出D0（液滴直
徑）、u0（撞擊速度）、t0（接觸影像時間），再以θ（接觸角）、d（擴張直徑）、H（振
蕩高度）對t (時間)與spreading factor (d/D0)、apex factor (H/D0)對dimensionless time
(tu0/D0)作圖。實驗結果可分成kinetic phase, spreading phase, relaxation phase,
asymptotic state 四部份來探討之。本研究並利用45 度俯角所得之液滴影像，比對液
滴影像側視圖，來觀察液滴頂端與內測凹陷行為。

The investigation on the droplet impact behavior has been proceeded for more than
several decades. Several different factors affecting the spreading behavior of the impinging
droplet have been reported, such as the initial impact velocity, droplet size, liquid viscosity,
and the surface property of solid.
Two major issues were studied in this work: surface effect and surfactant effect. In
the first part, water droplet impinges five different solid surfaces at a fix initial impact
velocity. The spreading behaviors were then investigated for these five solid surfaces with
different hydrophobicity. The equilibrium contacts of these five surfaces were
paraffin>Teflon>rough glass>quartz>clean glass. In the second part of this work, aqueous
droplets consisting of different surfactants with surface tension impinge the clean glass
surface. The spreading behaviors were then studied to check the effect of tension and
surfactant.
The experiments were performed by using a high speed CCD. 2905 images per
second were captured sequentially. The drop profiles were then obtained from the drop
images. Information D0 (initial diameter), u0 (impact velocity), t0 (impact image), θ
(contact angle), d (spreading diameter), H (apex height) were further resulted from the
drop profiles. The relationship between the dimensionless groups (spreading factor, d/D0;
apex factor, H/D0; time, tu0/D0) was investigated. The images captured from 45 degree top
view were also compared with the silhouette to detail the concavity of impinging droplet.

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