簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

研究生: 朱真慧
Chen-Hui Chu
論文名稱: 商科大學生英語學習策略與自我效能關係之探究
Relationship between EFL Learning Strategies and Self Efficacy of University Business Majors
指導教授: 鄧慧君
Huei-Chun Teng
口試委員: 駱藝瑄
Yi-Hsuan Lo
何東憲
Tung-Hsien He
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 人文社會學院 - 應用外語系
Department of Applied Foreign Languages
論文出版年: 2017
畢業學年度: 105
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 96
中文關鍵詞: 語言學習策略英語自我效能英語為外語學習
外文關鍵詞: language learning strategy, English self-efficacy, EFL learning
相關次數: 點閱:383下載:2
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報

本研究旨在探討台灣主修商科大學生英語學習策略使用與英語自我效能之關係。
此外,本研究亦進一步探討參與學生對於英語學習策略使用及自我效能的看法。
研究問題包括:(1)商科大學生的英語學習策略和自我效能為何? (2)商科大學生的英語學習策略與自我效能是否有顯著之關係? (3)高成就與低成就商科大學生在英語學習策略使用及自我效能是否有顯著差異? (4)商科大學生對英語學習策略及自我效能觀感為何? 本研究採用量化與質性兩種研究方法;研究對象為262位來自北部三所大學商科的學生,參加調查研究並進行問卷填寫,訪談研究對象則由填寫問卷之研究對象中挑選28位自願者進行訪談。研究工具為問卷調查及訪談,包括背景資訊、語言學習策略量表、英語學習自我效能量表三部分和訪談問題。問卷數據以SPSS進行分析,主要是採用描述統計分析、皮爾森積差相關係數及獨立樣本t檢定來分析結果;質性訪談則經由分類編碼進行進一步的分析。研究結果顯示,大學商科學生學習策略使用頻率為中等,最常使用的策略為後設認知策略,而最少使用的策略為情感與社交策略。研究結果發現英語學習策略使用與英語自我效能有顯著正相關,而高低成就學生在學習策略使用上及自我效能都有顯著差異。本研究結果有助於英語教師瞭解商科大學生的英語學習策略偏好和自我效能。根據研究結果並提出教學運用上的建議,教師可以將英語學習策略指導融入課堂,調整教學風格,並適時地關注學習者的心理狀態,以增進學生英語學習能力。最後,本研究提出研究的限制及相關建議作為未來研究之參考。


The present study aims to explore how Taiwanese college business majors make use of the English learning strategies and hold their self-efficacy beliefs in English acquisition, together with the relationship between language learning strategies and self-efficacy of EFL business majors. Furthermore, the differences between more and less proficient learners in the use of language learning strategies and perceived self-efficacy would also be examined in this study. The research questions include: (1) What are EFL university business majors ’ learning strategies and self-efficacy in English? (2) Is there any significant relationship between EFL learning strategies and self-efficacy of university business majors? (3) Do learning strategies and self-efficacy vary between more and less proficient EFL business majors? (4) What are EFL business majors’ perceptions of their learning strategies and self-efficacy? The research design is a mixed method of both questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. A total of 262 undergraduates of business majors from three universities in northern Taiwan participated in the survey study. The instruments applied in this study were five-point Likert-scale questionnaires with three sections, including background information, Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL), and English learning self-efficacy scale along with an interview guide. After completing the questionnaires, 28 volunteers of the participants attended semi-structured group interviews to further delve into their perspectives toward EFL learning strategies and self-efficacy.To analyze the quantitative data from the questionnaires, descriptive statistics, Pearson product -moment correlations, and independent sample t-test were computed by SPSS. The interview data were transcribed and coded for further analysis. The results revealed that the overall learning strategy employment was reportedly in the medium level. Metacognitive strategies were reportedly most preferred by EFL business majors, whereas the least used strategies were affective and social strategies. In addition, there was a positive correlation between business majors’ learning strategy use and self-efficacy beliefs. The results also manifest that learners’ language learning strategy use are highly related to self-efficacy beliefs.
Moreover, the frequency of language learning strategy use was found to be significantly higher for learners with higher language proficiency compared to less proficient students.
The results of this study could help EFL instructors know their students’ English learning strategy preferences and self-efficacy levels with business background. According to the results, it is suggested that teachers could incorporate English learning strategy instruction into classes, adjust their teaching styles, and draw more attention to the need of learners’ psychological status to ameliorate their achievement on the subject of English learning.
Finally, the limitations of the study and suggestions for future research were offered.

摘要.......................................................................................................................................i ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................... ii CONTENTS.......................................................................................................................iv LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................vi LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................................... viii CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................1 Background of the Study ..............................................................................................1 Purpose and Research Questions of the Study..............................................................3 Definitions of Key Terms .............................................................................................4 Significance of the Study..............................................................................................6 Organization of the Study .............................................................................................8 CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW..................................................................9 Introduction to Language Learning Strategy……….. ..................................................9 Overview of Self-efficacy...........................................................................................15 Related Studies on EFL Learning Strategy and Self-efficacy ....................................21 Summary.……............................................................................................................27 CHAPTER THREE METHODOLOGY.......................................................................28 Participants.…….........................................................................................................28 Instruments.…….........................................................................................................31 Procedures of Data Collection.…….. .........................................................................35 Data Analysis…..........................................................................................................37 Pilot Study……...........................................................................................................39 CHAPTER FOUR RESULTS ........................................................................................41 Results of Language Learning Strategy Questionnaires……….................................41 Results of English Learning Self-efficacy Scale ........................................................50 Results of Correlation between Language Learning Strategy and Self-efficacy........57 Responses to Semi-structured Interview.……............................................................59 CHAPTER FIVE DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION..............................................68 Summary of the Study ................................................................................................68 Discussion of the Results............................................................................................69 Implications of the Study............................................................................................75 Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research ......................................................77 Conclusion.…….. .......................................................................................................79 REFERENCES.................................................................................................................81 APPENDICES..................................................................................................................92

Alhaisoni, E. (2012). Language learning strategy use of Saudi EFL students in an
intensive English learning context. Asian Social Science, 8(13), 115-127.
Anam, S., & Stracke, E. (2016). Language learning strategies of Indonesian primary
school students: In relation to self-efficacy beliefs. System, 60, 1-10.
Anderson, J. R. (1980). Cognitive psychology and its implications. San Francisco:
Freeman.
Anderson, N. J. (2002). The role of metacognition in second language teaching and
learning. ERIC Digest, EDO. Washington, DC: ERIC Clearinghouse on
Languages and Linguistics.
Ardasheva, Y., & Tretter, T. R. (2013). Strategy inventory for language learning-ELL
student form: Testing for factorial validity. The Modern Language Journal, 97(2),
474-489.
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change.
Psychological Review, 84, 191-215.
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive
theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Bandura, A. (1993). Perceived self-efficacy in cognitive development and functioning.
Educational Psychologist, 28, 117-148.
Bandura, A. (1995). Experience of personal and collective efficacy in changing
societies. In A. Bandura (Ed.), Self-efficacy in changing societies (pp. 1-45).
New York: Cambridge University Press.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W. H. Freeman
and Company.
Bialystok, E. (1978). A theoretical model of second language learning. Language
Learning, 28, 69-84.
Bialystok, E. (1979). The role of conscious strategies in second language proficiency.
Canadian Modern Language Review, 35, 372-394.
Bonyadi, A., Nidou, F. R., & Shahbaz, S. (2012). The relationship between EFL
learners’ self-efficacy beliefs and their language learning strategy use. English
Language Teaching, 5(8), 113-121.
Brown, H. D. (1980). Principles and practices of language learning and teaching.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Brown, A. L., Bransford, J. D., Ferrara, R. A., & Campione, J. C. (1983). Learning,
remembering, and understanding. In J. H. Flavell, & E. M. Markman (Eds.),
Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 1. Cognitive development (pp. 77-166). New
York: Wiley.
Bryman, A. (2001). Social research methods. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Byer, J. L. (2001, November). The effects of college students’ perceptions of teaching
and learning on academic self-efficacy and course evaluations. Paper presented
at the 30th Annual Meeting of the Mid-South Educational Research Association,
Little Rock, Arkansas.
Chamot, A. U. (1987). The learning strategies of ESL students. In A. Wenden, & J.
Rubin (Eds.), Learner strategies in language learning (pp. 71-83). London:
Prentice Hall International.
Chamot, A. U. (1993). Changing instruction for language minority students to achieve
national goals. Proceedings of the Third National Research Symposium on Limited
English Proficient Student Issues: Focus on Middle and High school Issues.
Chamot, A. U. (2004) Issues in language learning strategy research and teaching.
Journal of Foreign language teaching, 1(1), 14-26.
Chamot, A. U. (2005). Language learning strategy instruction: Current issues and
research. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 25, 112-130.
Chen, H.Y. (2007). The relationship between EFL learners’ self-efficacy beliefs and
English performance. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, The Florida State
University, Florida, USA.
Chen, K. T., & Jonas, A. M. (2009). Understanding Taiwanese college students’
strategies for English language learning. Chaoyang Journal of Humanities and
Social Sciences, 7(1), 97-130.
Chen, T. M. (2014). Analyses of technical university students’ learning strategies,
self-efficacy, and language proficiency. Journal of Applied English, 7, 147-161.
Chomsky, N. (1986). Knowledge of language: Its nature, origin, and use. New York:
Praeger.
Davis, F. W., & Yates, B. T. (1982). Self-efficacy expectancies versus outcome
expectancies as determinants of performance deficits and depressive affect.
Cognitive Therapy and Research, 6(1), 23-35.
Duman, B. (2007). The effect of the self-efficacy beliefs of high school students about
English on their English performance due to gender, range and grade.
Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Yıldız Teknik University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Ebrhimzadeh, F., Khodabandehlou, M., & Jahandar, S. (2013). The impact of
self-efficacy on Iranian intermediate EFL learner’s paragraph writing. Indian
Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences, 3(3), 304-314.
Ehrenreich, S. (2010). English as a business lingua franca in a German multinational
corporation: Meeting the challenge. Journal of Business Communication, 47(4),
408-431.
Ellis, R. (1994). Implicit/explicit knowledge and language pedagogy. TESOL
Quarterly, 28, 166-172.
Faerch, C., & Kasper, G. (1983). Strategies in interlanguage communication. New
York: Longman.
Gardner, R. C., & MacIntyre, P. D. (1992). A student's contributions to second
language learning: Cognitive variables. Language Teaching, 25(4), 211-220.
Genç, G., Kuluşaklı, E., & Aydın, S. (2016). Exploring EFL learners’ perceived
self-efficacy and beliefs on English language learning. Australian Journal of
Teacher Education, 41(2), 53-68.
Ghani, M. (2003). Language learning strategies employed by L2 learners. Journal of
Research, 4, 31-36.
Graham, S. (2006). A study of students’ metacognitive beliefs about foreign language
study and their impact on learning. Foreign Language Annals, 39, 296-309.
Hattie, J., & Timperley, H. (2007). The power of feedback. Review of educational
research, 77(1), 81-112.
Hetthong, R., & Teo, A. (2013). Does writing self-efficacy correlate with and predict
writing performance? International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English
Literature, 2(1), 157-167.
Hon-Nam, K. & Leavell, A. (2006). Language learning strategy use of ESL students
in an intensive English learning context. System, 34, 399-415.
Hsieh, P. P. H., & Kang, H. S. (2010). Attribution and self-efficacy and their
interrelationship in the Korean EFL context. Language Learning, 60(3), 606-627.
Hsieh, P. H. P., & Schallert, D. L. (2008). Implications from self-efficacy and
attribution theories for an understanding of undergraduates’ motivation in a
foreign language course. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 33(4),
513-532.
Huang, S. C., & Chang, S. F. (1996). Self-efficacy of English as a second language
learner: An example of four learners. Retrieved from ERIC database. (ED
396536)
Jabbarifar, T. (2011). The importance of self-efficacy and foreign language learning in the

21st century. Journal of International Education Research, 7(4), 117-126.
Ju, C. Y. (2009). In-service adult learners’ English learning strategies in Taiwan.
International Journal of Learning, 16(10), 119-132.
Krashen, S. D. (1994). Bilingual education and second language acquisition theory. In
bilingual Education Office (Ed.), Schooling and language-minority students: A
theoretical framework (pp. 47-75). Los Angeles: Evaluation Dissemination and
Assessment Center, California State University.
Kumar, R. (2011). Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners.
Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Lan, R., & Oxford, R. L. (2003). Language learning strategy profiles of elementary
school students in Taiwan. International Review of Applied Linguistics in
Language Teaching, 41(4), 339-379.
Lee, P. Y. (2008). A study of EFL learning strategies used by cadets in Taiwan.
Unpublished master’s thesis, National Taiwan University of Science and
Technology, Taipei, Taiwan.
Liem, A. D., Lau, S., & Nie, Y. (2008). The role of self-efficacy, task value, and
achievement goals in predicting learning strategies, task disengagement, peer
relationship, and achievement outcome. Contemporary Educational Psychology,
33(4), 486-512.
Lin, A. F. (2006). Effects of listening strategy instruction on EFL senior high school
students’ English listening comprehension in Taiwan. Unpublished Master’s
thesis, National Changhua University of Education, Taiwan.
Liu, M. L. (2004). A study of beliefs about language learning and learning strategies
of senior high school students. Unpublished master’s thesis, National Kaohsiung
Normal University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Lo, P. C. (2007). A study of language learning strategies used by comprehensive high

school students. Unpublished master’s thesis, Southern Taiwan University,
Tainan, Taiwan.
Macaro, E. (2006). Strategies for language learning and for language use: Revising
the theoretical framework. The Modern Language Journal, 90(3), 320-337.
MacIntyre, P. D. (1994). Toward a social psychological model of strategy use.
Foreign Language Annals, 27, 185-195.
Maddux, J. E. (1995). Self-efficacy, adaptation, and adjustment: Theory, research and
application. New York: Plenum.
Magogwe, J. M., & Oliver, R. (2007). The relationship between language learning
strategies, proficiency, age, and self-efficacy beliefs: A study of language
learners in Botswana. System, 35, 338-352.
Mayer, R. E. (1981). The promise of cognitive psychology. San Francisco: Freeman.
McLaughlin, B., Rossman, T., & McLeod, B. (1983). Second language learning: An
information-processing perspective. Language Learning, 33, 135-157.
McLaughlin, B. (1987). Theories of second language learning. London: Edward
Arnold.
Mills, N., Pajares, F., & Herron, C. (2006). A reevaluation of the role of anxiety:
Self-efficacy, anxiety, and their relation to reading and listening proficiency.
Foreign Language Annals, 39, 276-295.
Naiman, N., Froanhlich, M., Stern, H. H., & Toedesco, A. (1978). The good language
learner. Toronto: Ontario Institute for Studies in Education (OISE).
Nasrollahi, A., & Barjasteh, H. (2013). Iranian students’ self efficacy and their
language achievements. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 3(10),
1837-1843.
Nikoopour, J., Farsani, M. A., & Neishabouri, J. K. (2011). Language learning
strategy preferences of Iranian EFL students. IPEDR, 5, 356-360.
O’Malley, J. M., & Chamot, A. U. (1990). Learning strategies in second language
acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ong, S. Y. (2005). English language learning strategies used by the sophomore
students of a technology university. Unpublished master’s thesis, Southern
Taiwan University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Oxford, R. (1989). Use of language learning strategies: A synthesis of studies with
implications for strategy training. System, 17, 235-247.
Oxford, R. L. (1990). Language learning strategies: What every teacher should know.
Boston: Heinle & Heinle.
Oxford, R. (2003). Language learning styles and strategies: An overview. GALA,
1-25.
Oxford, R. L. (2011). Teaching and researching language learning strategies. Harlow,
England: Longman.
Pajares, F. (1996). Self-efficacy Beliefs in Academic Settings. Review of Educational
Research, 66(4), 543-578.
Palmer, D. H. (2006). Sources of self-efficacy in a science methods course for primary
teacher education students. Research in Science Education, 36, 337-353.
Peacock , M. & Ho, B. (2003). Student language learning strategies across eight
disciplines. International Journal of Applied Linguistics, 13(2), 179-200.
Phan, H. P. (2012). The development of English and mathematics self-efficacy: A latent
growth curve analysis. Journal of Educational Research, 105, 196-209.
Pintrich, P. R. (2003). A motivational science perspective on the role of student
motivation in learning and teaching contexts. Journal of Educational Psychology,
95, 667-686.
Pintrich, P. R., & Schunk, D. H. (1996). Motivation in education: Theory, Research &
Applications. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Rahimi, A., &Abedini, A. (2009). The interface between EFL learners’ self-efficacy
concerning listening comprehension and listening proficiency. Novitas-ROYAL,
3(1), 14-28.
Raoofi, S., Tan, B. H., & Chan, S. H. (2012). Self-efficacy in second/foreign language
learning contexts. English Language Teaching, 5(11), 60-73.
Reiss, M. A. (1985). The good language learner: Another look. Canadian Modern
Language Review, 41(3), 511-23.
Rigney, J. W. (1978). Learning strategies: A theoretical perspective. In H. F. O’Neil,
Jr. (Ed.), Learning strategies (pp. 165-205). New York: Academic Press.
Rubin, J. (1975). What the “good language learner” can teach us. TESOL Quarterly,
9(1), 41-51.
Rubin, J. (1981). Study of cognitive processes in second language learning. Applied
Linguistics, 2(2), 117-131.
Schunk, D. H. (1984). Enhancing self-efficacy and achievement through rewards and
goals: Motivational and informational effects. Journal of Educational Research,
78, 29-34.
Schunk, D. H. (1985). Participation in goal setting: Effects on self-efficacy and skills
of learning-disabled children. The journal of Special Education, 19(3), 307-317.
Schunk, D. H. (1991). Self-efficacy and academic motivation. Educational
Psychologist, 26, 207-231.
Schunk, D. H., & Miller, S. D. (2002). Self-efficacy and adolescents’ motivation.
Academic motivation of adolescents, 2, 29-52.
Schunk, D. H., & Pajares, F. (2002). The development of academic self-efficacy. In A.
Wigfield & J. Eccles (Eds.), Development of achievement motivation (pp. 15-31).
San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Schunk, D. H., & Pajares, F. (2004). Self-efficacy in education revisited: Empirical and

applied evidence. In D. M. McInerney & S. Van Etten (Eds.), Big theories
revisited (pp. 115-138). Greenwich, CT: Information Age.
Schwarzer, R. (Ed.) (1992). Self-efficacy: Thought control of action. Washington, DC:
Hemisphere.
Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). Generalized Self-Efficacy scale. In J. Weinman,
S. Wright, & M. Johnston, Measures in health psychology: A user’s portfolio
causal and control beliefs (pp. 35-37). Windsor, UK: NFER-NELSON.
Seshadri, S., & Theye, L. (2001). Professionals and professors: Substance or style?
Business Communication Quarterly, 63(3), 9-23.
Shang, H. F. (2010). Reading strategy use, self-efficacy, and EFL reading
comprehension. Asian EFL Journal, 12(2), 18-43.
Skehan, P. (1989). Individual differences in second language learning. London:
Edward Arnold.
Skinner, B. F. (1957). Verbal Behavior. London: Methuen.
Stern, H. H. (1975). What can we learn from the good language learner? The
Canadian Modern Language Review, 31, 304-318.
Stern, H. H. (1983). Fundamental concepts in language teaching. Oxford: Oxford
University Press.
Stevick, E. W. (1989). Success with foreign languages: Seven who achieved it and
what worked for them. London: Prentice Hall.
Swales, J. M., & Mustafa, H. (Eds.). (1984). English for specific purposes in the Arab
world. Birmingham, UK: Language Studies Unit, University of Aston.
Thorndike, E. (1932). The fundamentals of learning. AMS Press Inc., ISBN
0-404-06429-9.
Tilfarlioglu, F. T., & Ciftci, F. S. (2011). Supporting self-efficacy and learner
autonomy in relation to academic success in EFL classrooms. Theory and Practice in

Language Studies, 1(10), 1284-1294.
Trinder, R. (2013). Business students’ beliefs about language learning in a university
context. English for Specific Purposes, 32(1), 1-11.
Usher, E. L., & Pajares, F. (2006). Sources of academic and self-regulatory efficacy
beliefs of entering middle school students. Contemporary Educational
Psychology, 31, 125-141.
Van Dinther, M., Dochy, F., & Segers, M. (2011). Factors affecting students’
self-efficacy in higher education. Educational Research Review, 6(2), 95-108.
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Interaction between learning and development. In M. Cole, V.
John-Steiner, S. Scribner, & E. Souberman (Eds.), Mind in society: The
development of higher psychological processes (pp.79-91). Cambridge, MA:
Harvard University Press.
Wang, J. J. (2011). A study of English self-efficacy, English reading strategies, and
English reading proficiency of Taiwanese junior high school students. Master
Thesis, Ming-Chuan University.
Weinstein, C.E., & Mayer, R. E. (1986). The teaching of learning strategies. In M. C.
Wittrock (Ed.), Handbook of research on teaching (pp. 315-327). New York:
Macmillan.
Wenden, A. L. (1987). Conceptual background and utility. In A. L. Wenden, & J.
Rubin (Eds.), Learner strategies in language learning (pp. 3-13). Englewood
Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Wenden, A. L., & Rubin, J. (1987). Learner strategies in language learning. London:
Prentice Hall International.
Wharton, G. (2000). Language learning strategy use of bilingual foreign language
learners in Singapore. Language Learning, 50(2), 203-243.
Wilhite, S. C. (1990). Self-efficacy, locus of control, self-assessment of memory ability, and

study activities as predictors of college course achievement. Journal
of Educational Psychology, 82(4), 696.
Wong, M. S. L. (2005). Language learning strategies and language self-efficacy:
Investigating the relationship in Malaysia. Regional Language Centre Journal,
36(3), 245-269.
Wong, M. S. L., & Siow, H. L. (2003, April). Secondary school students’ science
self-efficacy and its relation to their use of self-regulated learning strategies in
learning science. Proceedings of the ICASE World Conference on Science and
Technology in Education, 232-240.
Yang, C. H., Lin, J. N., & Haggard, S. (2014). An exploratory study of scale
construction of technology university students’ English learning self-efficacy.
Journal of Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, 43, 209-227.
Yang, N. D. (1992). Second language learners’ beliefs about language learning and
their use of learning strategies: A study of college students of English in Taiwan.
Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Texas, Austin.
Yang, N. D. (1999). The relationship between EFL learners’ beliefs and learning
strategy use. System, 27, 515-535.
Yang, P. L., & Wang, A. L. (2015). Investigating the relationship among language
learning strategies, English self-efficacy, and explicit strategy instructions.
Taiwan Journal of TESOL, 12(1), 35-62.
Yilmaz, C. (2010). The relationship between language learning strategies, gender,
proficiency and self-efficacy beliefs: A study of ELT learners in Turkey.
Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2, 682-687.

無法下載圖示 全文公開日期 2022/07/17 (校內網路)
全文公開日期 本全文未授權公開 (校外網路)
全文公開日期 本全文未授權公開 (國家圖書館:臺灣博碩士論文系統)
QR CODE