電壓對電動力化學灌漿的影響研究｜國立臺灣科技大學博碩士論文系統

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研究生：	吳思賢 SSU-HSIEN WU
論文名稱：	電壓對電動力化學灌漿的影響研究 Effect of voltages on electrokinetic chemical treatment
指導教授：	歐章煜 Chang-Yu Ou
口試委員:	簡紹琦 Shao-Chi Chien 鄧福宸 Fu-Chen Tang
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工程學院 - 營建工程系 Department of Civil and Construction Engineering
論文出版年：	2019
畢業學年度：	107
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	125
中文關鍵詞：	電動力化學灌漿、高嶺土、電壓、電滲透
外文關鍵詞：	Electrokinectic chemical treatment, kaolinite, voltage, electroosmosis
相關次數：	點閱：141 下載：5
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電動力化學灌漿工法中先後灌入氯化鈣、氫氧化鉀、矽酸鈉水溶液以及去離子水，能使高嶺土達到全面改良，但是其試驗期間高達15天(不包含壓密階段)，需要適度的減少。為了要降低試驗時間，增加電壓是最直接的方法之一。本研究採取四個階段進行: (一) 於相同氯化鈣灌入時間下施加不同電壓；(二) 增加電壓並同時減少氯化鈣的灌入時間；(三) 以全面改良組合(C72K24NR72H168)為基準，增加一倍電壓及減少一半灌入時間；(四) 觀察灌入矽酸鈉後的強度發展。試著找出電壓對於土壤含水量、pH值分佈、鈣離子分佈以及電壓分佈影響，再驗證增加電壓以減少試驗時間的可行性。研究結果指出電壓的提高能加速電動力以及電化學反應，因此土壤中的pH值在負極與正極分別降低與提高，而鈣離子較快堆積在負極區域。此外，在單純的灌入氯化鈣的條件下，增加電壓以及減少試驗時間的影響結果差異不大。之後，將同時增加電壓與減少時間運用在全面改良組合(C72K24NR72H168)上，強度的增幅在遠離負極處十分疲弱，也說明了，目前還有許多電壓所造成基本的因素需要被討論及釐清。

A full improvement of kaolinite can be achieved by successively injecting CaCl2, KOH, sodium silicate solution, and deionized water via electrokinetic chemical treatment (ECT) as reported in recent studies. However, the total duration of the tests for full improvement reached up to 15 days (excluding consolidation stage). In order to reduce the duration, increasing voltage is one of the most direct methods. A series of tests divided into 4 phases, in which aimed to clarify the effects of applied voltage on ECT tests, including: (1) apply various amounts of voltage with the injection of CaCl2 for a constant duration. (2) apply a higher voltage while halve the duration of CaCl2 injection. (3) based on full improvement combination (C72K48NR72H168), double the applied voltage and reduce half duration. (4) observe strength development after injection of sodium silicate. Results indicate that an increase of voltage will consequently enhance electrokinetic and electrochemical reaction, so that pH will decrease and raise near the anode and the cathode, respectively, and Ca2+ ions faster accumulate near the cathode. Moreover, under the sole injection of CaCl2, the effect of increasing voltage and reducing duration has little difference. Afterward, the method of increasing voltage and reducing duration simultaneously was applied to full improvement combination (C72K48NR72H168). Results indicated that a higher voltage applied to ECT with less chemical injection duration would not lead to a greater strength improvement. Weak strength was observed accordingly between the middle and near the cathode. In other words, so far some basic factors caused by voltage should be further discussed and clarified.

Table of Content
中文摘要    I
Abstract    II
Acknowledgement    III
Table of Content    IV
List of Tables    VII
List of Figures    VIII
Nomenclature    XII
Chapter 1    INTRODUCTION    1
1    Background    1
2    Objectives    2
3    Thesis structure    2
Chapter 2    LITERATURE REVIEW    3
1    Introduction    3
2    Electrokinetic Phenomena in Soils    3
2.1    Electroosmosis    3
2.2    Electromigration    4
3    Electrochemical Effects    5
3.1    Electrolysis    5
3.2    Cation Exchange    6
4    Influence of Voltage on Electrokinetic experiment    7
5    Electrokinetic Chemical Treatment (ECT)    7
5.1    Soil improvement with injection of Ca2+ ions    8
5.2    Soil improvement with injection of sodium silicate solution    11
5.3    ECT with Optimum Injection Combination    15
6    Summary    20
Chapter 3    METHODS, MATERIALS, AND PLAN    21
1    Introduction    21
2    Research Plan    21
3    Experimental Materials    26
3.1    Soil    26
3.2    Deionized water    27
3.3    Chemical Solution    27
3.4    Filter Papers    28
3.5    Electrodes    28
4    Experimental Apparatus    29
4.1    ECT Test Cell    29
4.2    Cylinders and Piezometers    31
4.3    Monitoring System Setup    33
4.4    Power Supply    34
5    ECT Experimental Procedure    34
5.1    Installation of ECT Test Cell    35
5.2    Sample Preparation    36
5.3    Consolidation    36
5.4    Installation of Cylinders, Monitoring Setup, and Power supply    36
5.5    Treatment Stages    37
6    Laboratory Test    37
6.1    Cone Penetration Test    37
6.2    Water Content Measurement    41
6.3    pH Measurement    42
6.4    ICP-AES analysis    43
Chapter 4    RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS    45
1    Introduction    45
2    Phase 1: Induced effects of increasing voltage on injection of CaCl2    45
2.1    Inflow & Voltage Distribution    45
2.2    Water Content    49
2.3    pH Distribution    50
2.4    Ca2+ ions Distribution    51
2.5    Cone Resistance    52
2.6    Discussion    53
3    Phase2: Examine the method of reducing duration with increasing applied voltage on injection of CaCl2 solution    54
3.1    Inflow & Voltage distribution    54
3.2    Water content    59
3.3    pH Distribution    60
3.4    Ca2+ ions Distribution    61
3.5    Cone Resistance    62
3.6    Discussion    62
4    Phase3: Apply the concept of Phase 2 to the ECT full-improvement    65
4.1    Reproduce C72K48N72H168    66
4.2    Inflow & Voltage Distribution    69
4.3    Water content    71
4.4    pH Distribution    74
4.5    Ca2+ ions Distribution    80
4.6    Cone resistance    83
4.7    Discussion    85
5    Phase4: Observe the strength development after injection of sodium silicate    87
5.1    Inflow & Voltage Distribution    88
5.2    Water content    90
5.3    pH Distribution    91
5.4    Ca2+ ions distribution    94
5.5    Cone resistance    96
5.6    Discussion    98
Chapter 5    CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE WORK    101
1    Conclusions    101
2    Future work    103
References    105
Appendix A    B
Appendix B    C
Appendix C    D


                                

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