《老人與海》自1952年張愛玲的第一本中譯本問世以來，已有數十種版本在台灣發行出版。從目的論以及翻譯文體學的觀點來看，這些重譯本的出現未必是因為後來的譯者翻得更好，而是因為他們肩負著不同的翻譯目的與任務，進而透過重譯作品來實現。本研究運用最新研發的語法分析程式，建立以格位格框為基礎的語意表達，來比較楊照與陌上花兩本全新中譯本的翻譯風格。研究發現，楊照的重譯本幾乎遵照海明威的冰山理論，敘述精簡留給讀者許多想像空間；然而，陌上花的重譯本添加許多解釋，力求讀者能夠一目了然。本文結論，不同的翻譯風格來自不同譯者的翻譯使命感。

Since its first Chinese translation done by Eileen Chang in 1952, Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea has been published in more than forty versions in Taiwan. On the perspective of skopos theory and translation stylistics, these re-translated texts do not necessarily feature better translation. Instead, they are published due to specific purpose and mission of different translators. This study uses a rule-based parser to build the case frame of event meaning representation in two re-translations done by Yang and Mo. The result shows two different translation styles. While Yang tries to duplicate Hemingway’s iceberg theory of writing style, Mo adds various explanations to help readers understand. Such contrast may be attributed to the different missions of the two translators.

Bairma, T. (2013). Cohesive Devices in Biology and Linguistics Journals (Unpublished master’s thesis). National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei.
Baker, C. (1972). Hemingway: The Writer as Artist. Princeton: Princeton UP.
Baker, M. (1992). In Other Words: A Coursebook on Translation. London: Routledge.
Baker, M. (1993). Corpus Linguistics and Translation Studies: Implications and Applications. In Mona Baker, Gill Francis and Elena Tognini-Bonelli (Eds.), Text and Technology: In Honour of John Sinclair (pp.233-250). Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Baker, M. (2000). Towards a Methodology for Investigating the Style of Literary Translator. Target 12 (2): 241-266.
Bloom, H. (1996). Ernest Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea. Broomall, PA : Chelsea House.
Catford, J. (1965). A Linguistic Theory of Translation. Oxford: Oxford UP.
Chen, S.-J. (1996). Analysis of Chinese for Chinese-English Machine Translation (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Georgetown University, Washington DC.
Chen, S.-J. (2010). Linguistic relativity revisited. Paper presented at the 2010 International Symposium on Cross-Cultural Studies, Fujen Catholic University, Taipei.
Chen, S.-J. (2013). PADS restoration and its importance in reading comprehension and meaning representation. Proceedings of The 27th Pacific Asia Conference on Language, Information, and Computation (PACLIC 27).
Chen, S.-J. and Lu, S.-K. (2012). Clause boundary detection and relational marking for MT reordering. Paper presented at the 2012 International Conference on Applied Linguistics & Language Teaching (ALLT), National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei.
Cook, W. (1989). Case Grammar Theory. Washington: Georgetown University Press.
Cook, W. (1998). Case Grammar Applied. Dallas, TX: Summer Institute of Linguistics.
Crockford, P. (2010). The Paris Review Perspective. In Eugene Goodheart (Ed.), Critical Insights: Ernest Hemingway (pp. 15-18). Pasadena, CA: Salem Press.
Cummins, R. (1989). Meaning and Mental Representation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Dewberry, E. (1996). Hemingway’s Journalism and the Realist Dilemma. In Scott Donaldson (Ed.). The Cambridge Companion to Ernest Hemingway (pp.16-35). Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
Dougherty, R. (1970). Recent Studies on Language Universals. Foundations of Language, 6, 505-561.
Fillmore, C. (1968). The Case for Case. In Bach and Harms (Ed.), Universals in Linguistic Theory (pp.1-88). New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
Frawley, W. (1984). Prolegomenon to a Theory of Translation. In William Frawley (Ed.) Translation: Literary, Linguistic and Philosophical Perspectives (pp.159-175). London: Associated University Press.
Hemingway, E. (1932). Death in the Afternoon. New York: Scribner.
Hemingway, E. (2000). The Old Man and the Sea. London: Vintage.
Katz, J. and Fodor, J. (1963). The structure of a semantic theory. Language,39 (2): 170-210.
Katz, J. and Postal, P. (1964). An Integrated Theory of Linguistic Descriptions. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Larson, M. (1998). Meaning-Based Translation: A Guide to Cross-Language Equivalence (2nd ed.). Lanham: University Press of America.
Loritz, D. (1992). Generalized transition network parsing for language study: the GPARS systems for English, Russian, Japanese and Chinese. CALICO Journal, 10 (1), 5-22.
MacMahon, B. (2006). Stylistics, pragmatic approaches. In Keith Brown (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics, (2nd ed.)(pp.232-236). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Malmkjar, K. (1994). Stylistics in translation teaching. Perspectives: Studies in Translatology, 2 (1), 61-68.
Malmkjar, K. (2004). Translational stylistics: Dulcken’s translations of Hans Christian Andersen. Language and Literature: Journal of the Poetics and Linguistics Association, 13(1), 13–24.
Malmkjar, K. (2006). Translation Units. In Keith Brown (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics (2nd ed.)(pp.92-93). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Nida, E. (2001). Contexts in Translating. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Nida, E. and Taber, C. (1969). The Theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden, the Netherlands: E. J. Brill.
Nord, C. (1992). Text analysis in translator training. In Cay Dollerup and Anne Loddegaard (Eds.). Teaching translation and interpreting. Training, talent, and experience (pp.39-48). Copenhagen Studies in Translation. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Special to the New York Times (1954, October, 29). Hemingway Is the Winner Of Nobel Literature Prize. New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/
Sperber, D., and Wilson, D. (1995). Relevance: Communication and Cognition (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell.
Sylvester, B. (1996). The Cuban Context of The Old Man and the Sea. In Scott Donaldson (Ed.). The Cambridge Companion to Ernest Hemingway (pp.243-268). Cambridge: Cambridge UP.
Thaler, E. (2008). Teaching English Literature. Paderborn: Ferdinand Schonigh.
Toury, G. (1986). Monitoring Discourse Transfer: A Test-Case for a Developmental
Model of Translation. In Juliane House and Shoshana Blum-Kulka (Eds.). Interlingual and Intercultural Communication : Discourse and Cognition in Translation and Second Language Acquisition Studies (pp. 79–94). Tubingen: Gunter Narr.
Toury, G. (1995). Descriptive Translation Studies and Beyond. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Vermeer, Hans, J. (1978). Ein Rahmen fur eine allgemeine Translationswissenschaft. Lebende Sprachen, 23 (3): 99-102.
Vinay, J. and Darbelnet, J. (1958). Comparative Stylistics of French and English. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Wang, Z.-Y. (2013). Function Word Translation: A Case Study on English Prepositions (Unpublished master’s thesis). National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei.
Wasson, M., Loritz, D., Chen, S.-J. et al. (2005). System and Method for Extracting Information from Text Using Text Annotation and Fact Extraction, US Patent US7912705, 19 Jan 2010.
Wells, E. (1975). A Statistical Analysis of the Prose Style of Ernest Hemingway: Big Two-Hearted River. In Jackson Benson (Ed.). The Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway: Critical Essays. Durham, NC: Duke UP.
Yu, C.-H. (2007). Similarity and difference in translator’s style: A case study of the two translations of Hemingway’s work. Paper presented at the Conference and Workshop on Corpora and Translation Studies, Shanghai, China.
李惠珍 (1998)。談海明威小說在台灣中譯。《翻譯學研究集刊》，3，103-116。
余健明 (2009)。海明威風格之漢譯研究：以《老人與海》為例 (未出版博士論文)。上海外國語大學，上海。
林光揚 (2008)。譯者能見度之探討：以《老人與/和(大)海》余譯及張譯本為例 (未出版碩士論文)。長榮大學，台南。
陌上花譯 (2013)。老人與海。台北，海鴿文化。
楊照譯 (2013)。老人與海。台北，麥田。
蔡明月，董蕙茹 (2009)。臺灣地區的世界文學翻譯作品：書目計量分析。《圖書館學與資訊科學》，35(2)，34-53。