Ti-6Al-4V合金表面被覆陶瓷粉末之微結構及磨耗行為研究

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研究生：	林育奇 Yu-chi Lin
論文名稱：	Ti-6Al-4V合金表面被覆陶瓷粉末之微結構及磨耗行為研究 A Study of Microstructure and Wear Behaviors on Ti-6Al-4V Alloy with Ceramics Powder
指導教授：	林原慶 Yuan-Ching Lin
口試委員:	蘇侃 Hon So 呂道揆 Daw-Kwei Leu 陳炤彰 Chao-Chang Chen
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工程學院 - 機械工程系 Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年：	2010
畢業學年度：	98
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	156
中文關鍵詞：	碳化矽、碳化鎢、硼化鎢、二硼化鈦、氮化鈦、氬銲、被覆、顯微結構、耐磨耗
外文關鍵詞：	SiC, WC, WB, TiB2, TiN, GTAW, clad, microstructure, wear resistance
相關次數：	點閱：401 下載：5
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上一筆

本文將不同的陶瓷粉末，碳化物(碳化矽、碳化鎢)、硼化物(硼化鎢、二硼化鈦)及氮化物(氮化鈦)，利用惰性氣體鎢極電弧銲(GTAW)被覆於Ti-6Al-4V基材表面，一方面為了改善Ti-6Al-4V表面的耐磨耗性能，另一方面針對被覆層內的顯微組織、強化相型態及不同陶瓷粉末被覆層耐磨耗性能加以評估，進行系統化的探討，並藉由各種分析結果提出被覆層顯微結構形成的示意圖。
綜合研究結果顯示，相較於基材被覆層能有效提升硬度，並且大幅提升耐磨耗能力。被覆層中強化相的排列型式、成長方式以及幾何形狀明顯影響被覆層的耐磨耗能力。此外，以SiC被覆層的耐磨耗性能較優於其他被覆層，而TiB2被覆層最差，這歸因於SiC被覆層中強化相排列複雜，使強化相與基地相彼此間產生機械固鎖效應以及強化相與基地相結合強度較高。

In this treatise, different ceramic powders, carbide (SiC, WC), boride (WB, TiB2) and nitride (TiN) were clad on Ti-6Al-4V by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) method. On the one hand clad layer was to improve surface wear resistance of Ti-6Al-4V, and on the other hand study wear behaviors of clad layer affected by microstructure, reinforcement form and wear resistance of different ceramic clad layer. From the morphology of this microstructure and the related analysis results, a reasonable hypothesis for the evolution of this microstructure formation processes is proposed as following.
To synthesize the results, the hardness and wear resistance of the clad layer were higher than the substrate conspicuous. The reinforcement arrange, growth direction and geometric were very important and influence the wear performance of the clad layer. Therefore, the SiC clad layer has the best wear resistant and the TiB2 clad layer has the worst wear resistant. It was due to the reinforcements arrange complicate, mechanical locking effect of reinforcements and the reinforcements has the high bond with the clad layer.

摘要	I
Abstact	II
誌謝	III
目錄	IV
表索引	VIII
圖索引	IX

第一章 前言	1
第二章 文獻回顧	3
    2-1 鈦合金表面改質處理	3
        2-1-1 鈦合金的特性	3
        2-1-2 鈦合金被覆層的相關研究	3
    2-2 鈦合金被覆的方式	5
        2-2-1 電漿噴覆 (Plasma Spray)	7
        2-2-2 離子植入 (Ion-implantation)	7
        2-2-3 熱氧化 (Thermal Oxidation)	7
        2-2-4 陽極處理 (Anodizing)	8
        2-2-5 表面滲氮 (Nitriding)	8
        2-2-6 雷射被覆 (Laser Cladding)	8
        2-2-7 惰氣鎢極電弧銲 (GTAW)	9
    2-3 熔融銲接的凝固特微與形態	10
        2-3-1 顯微結構	10
        2-3-2 銲道外觀形態	13
    2-4 陶瓷粉末的特性	14
        2-4-1 氮化鈦 (Titanium Nitride)	14
        2-4-2 硼化鎢 (Tungsten Boride)	15
        2-4-3 二硼化鈦 (Titanium Diboride)	16
        2-4-4 碳化鎢 (Tungsten Carbide)	17
        2-4-5 碳化矽 (Silicon Carbide)	18
    2-5 化合物對被覆層硬度之影響	19
        2-5-1 氮與合金元素反應之化合物	19
        2-5-2 硼與合金元素反應之化合物	20
        2-5-3 碳與合金元素反應之化合物	20
        2-5-4 金屬間化合物	21
    2-6 被覆層的強化機構	21
        2-6-1 細晶粒強化 (Fine Grain Size Strengthening)	22
        2-6-2 析出強化 (Precipitation Strengthening)	22
        2-6-3 麻田散體強化 (Martensite Strengthening)	22
        2-6-4 散佈強化 (Dispersion Strengthening)	23
    2-7 磨耗機構	23
        2-7-1 刮磨磨耗 (Adrasive Wear)	24
        2-7-2 黏著磨耗 (Adhesive Wear)	25
        2-7-3 氧化磨耗 (Oxidative Wear)	27
        2-7-4 剝層磨耗 (Delamination Wear)	33
第三章 實驗過程	35
    3-1氬銲被覆方法	37
        3-1-1 基材被覆前處理	37
        3-1-2 準備預敷熔填銲條試片的程序	37
        3-1-3 被覆方式	38
        3-1-4 被覆試片的校正	39
        3-1-5 氬銲被覆參數	40
    3-2磨耗試片的製作	41
        3-2-1 磨耗上試片的製作	41
        3-2-2 磨耗下試片的處裡	42
    3-3 被覆層微硬度測試	44
    3-4 被覆層顯微組織的觀察與成份分析	44
    3-5 磨耗試驗	45
        3-5-1 磨耗試驗機的校正	45
        3-5-2 磨耗試驗之條件	45
        3-5-3 磨耗量的量測與計算	47
        3-5-4 磨耗表面的觀察	49
    3-6 被覆粉末的粒徑量測	49
    3-7 分析儀器及磨耗儀器介紹	53
        3-7-1 磨耗試驗儀器的介紹	53
        3-7-2 分析儀器的介紹	54
第四章 結果與討論	56
    4-1 入熱量對被覆層之影響	56
        4-1-1 入熱量對被覆層表面之影響	56
        4-1-2 入熱量對被覆層熔滲深度之影響	59
    4-2 被覆層成份分析與微觀組織	63
        4-2-1 碳化物被覆層	63
        4-2-2 硼化物被覆層	87
        4-2-3 氮化物被覆層	106
    4-3 被覆層的硬度分佈	115
        4-3-1 碳化物被覆層硬度分佈	115
        4-3-2 硼化物被覆層硬度分佈	117
        4-3-3 氮化物被覆層硬度分佈	119
        4-3-4 碳、硼、氮化物被覆層的硬度比較	121
    4-4 被覆層的耐磨耗能力評估	122
        4-4-1 Ti-6Al-4V基材耐磨耗能力評估	122
        4-4-2 碳化物被覆層耐磨耗能力評估	122
        4-4-3 硼化物被覆層耐磨耗能力評估	132
        4-4-4 氮化物被覆層耐磨耗能力評估	142
        4-4-5 碳、硼、氮化物被覆層磨耗能力評估	148
第五章 結論與建議	150
    5-1 結論	150
    5-2 未來研究方向的建議	151
參考文獻	152

                                

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