營建工程之獲利多寡最主要兩個指標因素為成本與工期，然而這兩項指標之間係屬相對關係，欲降低成本則須延長工期，若要縮短工期則須投入更多資源而使得成本增加，兩者間之交互影響稱為「時間成本權衡問題」(time-cost trade-off problems)。然而現行實務上對於施工進度網圖仍以「要徑法」及「計劃評核數」時程管理技術為主，隨著工程規模越大與複雜，各分項作業常有多個工項以供選擇，運用傳統方法或經驗法則求解往往不切實際且沒有效率。
有鑑於此，為有效求解營建工程時間成本權衡問題，本研究應用人工蜂群演算法之最佳化理論，針對工程作業中時間成本組合最佳化並分別考慮直接成本與總成本兩種不同的方式，透過最佳化模式之建構有效求解出最小直接成本與最小總成本相對應之最佳作業組合。於案例分析中，本研究採用兩組文獻案例與一個實際工程案例，結果顯示在直接成本與總成本兩種不同方式考量下，專案之作業工項選擇會有所差異，也常會使得專案要徑改變，本研究所建構之時間成本最佳化模式均能有效求解出最佳作業工項選擇，以使營建工程專案在最大獲利的情況下進行。

Profit generated from civil construction is mainly determined by cost and project duration, which share a correlative relation. Cost could be reduced by extending the duration of project, and vice versa. This correlation is known as “Time-cost trade-off problems”. In practice, network, used to monitor construction progress, is based on Critical Path Method (CPM) and Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT). However, large-scale and complicated projects often come with several options for construction methods in each sub-task. Hence, traditional methods and past experience are often considered unrealistic and inefficient.
In view of this phenomenon, this research aims to effectively solve time-cost trade-off problems by utilizing the optimization of Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), finding the optimized combination of time and cost. In addition, direct cost and total cost are also considered separately. The minimum direct cost and minimum total cost to the optimized combination are calculated by building up the optimized model. This research also takes two cases from literature review and one real case from actual practice as example for case study. The result shows a difference of choice to construction methods, which often affects the execution of a project, when direct cost and total cost are considered separately. The optimized model created in this research can effectively find out the most suitable construction method that can maximize the profit from civil construction projects.

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