簡易檢索 / 詳目顯示

回結果列表
研究生： 張雅雯
Ya-Wen Chang
論文名稱： 螢幕分享與本人影像在視訊會議中對參與者績效與行為之影響研究
The Effects of Screen-sharing and Self-view in Online Video Meetings on User Behaviors and Performance
指導教授： 林承哲
Cheng-Jhe Lin
口試委員: 紀佳芬
Chia-Fen Chi
黃瀅瑛
Ying-Yin Huang
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 管理學院 - 工業管理系
Department of Industrial Management
論文出版年： 2022
畢業學年度： 110
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 95
中文關鍵詞： 視訊會議 、螢幕分享 、本人影像 、自我覺察 、自我關注
外文關鍵詞： Videoconferencing, Screen-sharing, Self-view, Self-awareness, Self-focus
相關次數： 點閱：215  下載：5 
分享至:
查詢本校圖書館目錄 查詢臺灣博碩士論文知識加值系統 勘誤回報

    • Covid-19大流行以來，企業紛紛祭出居家辦公因應防疫政策，此舉雖然能夠有效防止病毒傳播，卻也隔絕了人與人之間的交流，因此人們不得不依靠視訊會議來聯繫彼此，使視訊會議不可避免地成為人們防疫新生活的一部分。然而面對工作型態突如其來的鉅變，網路上開始關注視訊會議倦怠的現象，認為長時間處於視訊會議狀態的生活令人感到身心疲憊。針對這個新現象，有學者根據過往探討視訊會議的文獻，推敲出人們感到倦怠的幾個理由，例如：過近的眼神注視、過度的認知負荷、物理移動之限制以及自我關注的增加等。本研究探討自我關注增加與形成視訊會議倦怠的關係，針對視訊會議中視訊畫面配置如何影響與會者自我關注的消長進行研究，邀請20名女性受試者，分為主被動兩群（主動方會分享螢幕）作為實驗對象，透過模擬利用視訊會議遠距辦公的情境，並加入近年來熱門的螢幕分享功能，分析六種視訊會議配置下與會者之績效與行為的差異。根據本研究實驗結果，發現螢幕分享功能可能有助於與會者在視訊會議中降低公眾自我覺察，以及視訊會議中較主動的一方承受更高的壓力、更高程度的公眾自我覺察且對滿意度評價通常較低。在最後提出若希望壓力減輕又不至於工作績效下降的話，可以考慮關閉本人影像以改善視訊會議倦怠之建議，並針對現今的視訊會議工作分配提出討論。

    Since the Covid-19 pandemic, companies started to ask their employees to work from home (WFH) for epidemic prevention. Consequently, people rely on videoconferencing a lot nowadays and it becomes part of our everyday life. However, the sudden changes in working style have drawn people’s attention to a phenomenon called Zoom fatigue. That is, being in the state of videoconferencing for a long time makes them feel exhausted physically and mentally. In literature, scholars find out several possible causes of the phenomenon, such as excessive amounts of close-up eye gaze, cognitive load, increased self-focus from staring at video of oneself, and constraints on mobility. In the current study, 20 female adults were invited to simulate video conference for remote work, as an attempt to figure out the relationship between self-focus and zoom fatigue. Participants were paired in groups consisting of one active (who shared the screen) and one passive attendant. Screen arrangements of videoconferencing were manipulated and the effects on users’ performance and behaviors were investigated. According to the result of this study, screen-sharing could help user reduce their public self-awareness in the meeting. Active attendants in the meeting were subject to more stress and much self-awareness, leading to a lower level of satisfaction. Based on the results, turning off individual self-view would be suggested to reduce the stress while maintaining work performance. In addition, revisit current work assignments of videoconferencing.

    摘要 2 Abstract 3 誌謝 4 圖目錄 7 表目錄 8 第一章 緒論 10 1.1 研究背景與動機 10 1.2 研究目的 13 第二章 文獻探討 15 2.1 視訊會議 15 2.1.1 視訊歷史沿革 15 2.1.2 視訊會議在遠距合作中扮演的角色 17 2.1.3 近年最常被使用的視訊會議軟體 18 2.1.4 被迫長期依賴視訊會議帶來之負面影響 20 2.2 自我關注（Self-focus） 20 2.2.1 自我意識（Self-consciousness）與自我覺察（Self-awareness） 21 2.2.2 自我關注之操縱方式 22 2.2.3 小結 22 2.2.4 自我關注之負面影響 23 2.2.5 自我關注與視訊會議之關聯 24 2.3 測量自我關注的工具 27 第三章 研究方法 28 3.1 實驗對象與情境 28 3.1.1 實驗對象 28 3.1.2 實驗配置與情境 30 3.2 實驗環境及設備 33 3.3 實驗流程 36 3.4 實驗資料與統計分析 40 第四章 實驗結果 43 4.1 自我覺察（SA）分析 44 4.2 情緒自評分析—焦慮、壓力 49 4.3 滿意度分析—自評、互評及整體滿意程度 51 4.4 記憶表現（Memory）分析 54 4.5 主動方心率（HR）、被動方投入程度（RT）分析 54 4.6 會議績效—會議總時長、訂正數量、會議效率 55 第五章 結論與建議 60 5.1 結論 60 5.2 討論及建議 65 5.3 研究限制 67 參考文獻 69 附錄一 實驗操作記錄單 74 附錄二 實驗中各Case實際所見視角 78 附錄三 受試者實驗用文檔-以Case1為例 84 附錄四 廣告文案內容（Case1到Case6） 85 附錄五 情境說明及組內行程表-以Case1為例 88 附錄六 實驗前問卷題目 90 附錄七 實驗後問卷題目-以Case1為例 91 附錄八 OLR反應變數資訊表格 93

    1. World Health Organization. WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19 - 11 March 2020. [Internet] 2020; Available from: https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020.
    2. Hadden, J., et al. 21 major companies that have announced employees can work remotely long-term. [Internet] 2020; Available from: https://www.businessinsider.com/companies-asking-employees-to-work-from-home-due-to-coronavirus-2020.
    3. Stephens, G.K. and B. Szajna, Perceptions and expectations: Why people choose a telecommuting work style. International Journal of Electronic Commerce, 1998. 3(1): p. 70-85.
    4. Mokhtarian, P.L., M.N. Bagley, and I. Salomon, The impact of gender, occupation, and presence of children on telecommuting motivations and constraints. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1998. 49(12): p. 1115-1134.
    5. Wheatley, D., Good to be home? Time-use and satisfaction levels among home-based teleworkers. New Technology, Work and Employment, 2012. 27(3): p. 224-241.
    6. Carillo, K., et al., Adjusting to epidemic-induced telework: Empirical insights from teleworkers in France. European Journal of Information Systems, 2021. 30(1): p. 69-88.
    7. DeFilippis, E., et al., Collaborating during coronavirus: The impact of COVID-19 on the nature of work. 2020, National Bureau of Economic Research.
    8. Wikipedia, c., Zoom fatigue, in Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia.
    9. Bailenson, J.N., Nonverbal overload: A theoretical argument for the causes of Zoom fatigue. Technology, Mind, and Behavior, 2021. 2(1).
    10. Doherty-Sneddon, G., et al., Face-to-face and video-mediated communication: A comparison of dialogue structure and task performance. Journal of experimental psychology: applied, 1997. 3(2): p. 105.
    11. Isaacs, E.A. and J.C. Tang, What video can and cannot do for collaboration: a case study. Multimedia systems, 1994. 2(2): p. 63-73.
    12. Fosslien, L. and M.W. Duffy. How to combat zoom fatigue. [Internet] 2020; Available from: https://hbr.org/2020/04/how-to-combat-zoom-fatigue.
    13. Ramachandran, V. Stanford researchers identify four causes for ‘Zoom fatigue’and their simple fixes. [Internet] 2021; Available from: https://news.stanford.edu/2021/02/23/four-causes-zoom-fatigue-solutions/.
    14. Sellen, A.J., Remote conversations: The effects of mediating talk with technology. Human-computer interaction, 1995. 10(4): p. 401-444.
    15. Ro, C. Why the future of work might be ‘hybrid’. [Internet] 2020; Available from: https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20200824-why-the-future-of-work-might-be-hybrid.
    16. Pelta, R. FlexJobs Survey Finds Employees Want Remote Work Post-Pandemic. [Internet] 2021; Available from: https://www.flexjobs.com/blog/post/flexjobs-survey-finds-employees-want-remote-work-post-pandemic/.
    17. Parker, K., J.M. Horowitz, and R. Minkin. How the coronavirus outbreak has—and hasn’t—changed the way Americans work. [Internet] 2020; Available from: https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2020/12/09/how-the-coronavirus-outbreak-has-and-hasnt-changed-the-way-americans-work/.
    18. Dwoskin, E. Americans might never come back to the office, and Twitter is leading the charge. [Internet] 2020; Available from: https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/10/01/twitter-work-from-home/.
    19. Novet, J. Google relaxes remote work plan, will let 20% of employees telecommute. [Internet] 2021; Available from: https://www.cnbc.com/2021/05/05/google-relaxes-remote-work-plan-will-let-20percent-of-employees-telecommute.html.
    20. BBC News. Facebook remote working plan extended to all staff for long term. [Internet] 2021; Available from: https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-57425636.
    21. McLean, R. These companies plan to make working from home the new normal. As in forever. [Internet] 2020; Available from: https://edition.cnn.com/2020/05/22/tech/work-from-home-companies/index.html.
    22. Channick, R. Allstate to sell Northbrook headquarters as more employees work from home. [Internet] 2021; Available from: https://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-biz-allstate-sell-northbrook-headquarters-20211008-bcohc3rrkzen3fggshudecf2ge-story.html.
    23. TechRepublic. Transitioning Asia-Pacific to a New Normal of Work. [Internet] 2020; Available from: https://news.microsoft.com/wp-content/uploads/prod/sites/43/2020/07/Whitepaper-Transitioning-Asia-to-a-New-Normal-of-Work.pdf.
    24. Bohannon, L.S., et al., Eye contact and video-mediated communication: A review. Displays, 2013. 34(2): p. 177-185.
    25. Nguyen, D.T. and J. Canny. Multiview: improving trust in group video conferencing through spatial faithfulness. in Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems. 2007.
    26. Chen, M. Leveraging the asymmetric sensitivity of eye contact for videoconference. in Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems. 2002.
    27. Lipartito, K., Picturephone and the information age: The social meaning of failure. Technology and Culture, 2003. 44(1): p. 50-81.
    28. Sprey, J.A., Videoconferencing as a communication tool. IEEE transactions on professional communication, 1997. 40(1): p. 41-47.
    29. CNN Business. Long before Zoom, this is what video calling looked like. [Video] 2020; Available from: https://youtu.be/HRLv3N7Fa5E.
    30. Clark, H.H. and S.E. Brennan, Grounding in communication. 1991.
    31. McNeill, D., So you think gestures are nonverbal? Psychological review, 1985. 92(3): p. 350.
    32. Goldin-Meadow, S., D. Wein, and C. Chang, Assessing knowledge through gesture: Using children's hands to read their minds. Cognition and Instruction, 1992. 9(3): p. 201-219.
    33. Argyle, M. and M. Cook, Gaze and mutual gaze. 1976.
    34. Kendon, A., Some functions of gaze-direction in social interaction. Acta psychologica, 1967. 26: p. 22-63.
    35. Planalp, S., Communicating emotion: Social, moral, and cultural processes. 1999: Cambridge University Press.
    36. Nandhakumar, J. and R. Baskerville, Trusting online: nurturing trust in virtual teams. 2001.
    37. 顏國洲, 虛擬團隊信任關係形成之研究---以明基手機研發團隊為例, in 傳播研究所. 2005, 國立交通大學: 新竹市. p. 97.
    38. Karis, D., D. Wildman, and A. Mané, Improving remote collaboration with video conferencing and video portals. Human–Computer Interaction, 2016. 31(1): p. 1-58.
    39. Brandl, R., Video Call Victories: map reveals the most popular video conferencing platforms worldwide, in EmailToolTester. 2021.
    40. Sadler, M., 84 Current Video Conferencing Statistics for the 2021 Market, in Vendor Blog. 2021, TrustRadius.
    41. Duval, S. and R.A. Wicklund, A theory of objective self awareness. 1972.
    42. Buss, A.H., Self-consciousness and social anxiety. 1980: WH freeman.
    43. Fenigstein, A., M.F. Scheier, and A.H. Buss, Public and private self-consciousness: Assessment and theory. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 1975. 43(4): p. 522.
    44. Govern, J.M. and L.A. Marsch, Development and validation of the situational self-awareness scale. Consciousness and cognition, 2001. 10(3): p. 366-378.
    45. Duval, T.S., P.J. Silvia, and N. Lalwani, Self-awareness & causal attribution: A dual systems theory. 2012: Springer Science & Business Media.
    46. Miller, M.K., et al. Through the looking glass: The effects of feedback on self-awareness and conversational behaviour during video chat. in Proceedings of the 2017 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems. 2017.
    47. Zajonc, R.B. and S.M. Sales, Social facilitation of dominant and subordinate responses. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 1966. 2(2): p. 160-168.
    48. Argyle, M., Social interaction: process and products. 2017: Routledge.
    49. Scheier, M.F., A. Fenigstein, and A.H. Buss, Self-awareness and physical aggression. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 1974. 10(3): p. 264-273.
    50. Duval, S. and R.A. Wicklund, Effects of objective self-awareness on attribution of causality. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 1973. 9(1): p. 17-31.
    51. Ickes, W.J., R.A. Wicklund, and C.B. Ferris, Objective self awareness and self esteem. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 1973. 9(3): p. 202-219.
    52. Webb, W.M., et al., Interaction between self-monitoring and manipulated states of self-awareness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1989. 56(1): p. 70.
    53. Govern, J.M. and L.A. Marsch, Inducing positive mood without demand characteristics. Psychological reports, 1997. 81(3): p. 1027-1034.
    54. Alden, L.E., M. Teschuk, and K. Tee, Public self-awareness and withdrawal from social interactions. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 1992. 16(3): p. 249-267.
    55. Froming, W.J., E.B. Corley, and L. Rinker, The influence of public self‐consciousness and the audience's characteristics on withdrawal from embarrassing situations. Journal of Personality, 1990. 58(4): p. 603-622.
    56. Wells, A., Effects of dispositional self-focus, appraisal and attention instructions on responses to a threatening stimulus. Anxiety Research, 1991. 3(4): p. 291-301.
    57. Baumeister, R.F., Choking under pressure: self-consciousness and paradoxical effects of incentives on skillful performance. Journal of personality and social psychology, 1984. 46(3): p. 610.
    58. Silvia, P.J., Self-awareness and emotional intensity. Cognition & Emotion, 2002. 16(2): p. 195-216.
    59. Lindon‐Morris, E. and A.J.T.c.t. Laidlaw, Anxiety and self‐awareness in video feedback. 2014. 11(3): p. 174-178.
    60. Kimble, C.E., E.R. Hirt, and E.M. Arnold, Self-consciousness, public and private self-awareness, and memory in a social setting. The Journal of psychology, 1985. 119(1): p. 59-69.
    61. 刘旭峰, et al., 《 情境自我觉察量表》 修订及信效度初步分析. 第四军医大学学报, 2006. 27(4): p. 297-300.
    62. Scheier, M.F. and C.S. Carver, The Self‐Consciousness Scale: A revised version for use with general populations 1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 1985. 15(8): p. 687-699.
    63. 陳麗婉, 王文中, and 吳靜吉, 自我意識量表之修訂. 測驗年刊, 1990. 37卷: p.211-226.
    64. Sun, X., et al., The effect of gender on trust perception and performance in computer‐mediated virtual environments. Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 2007. 44(1): p. 1-14.
    65. Leach, L.S., et al., Gender differences in depression and anxiety across the adult lifespan: the role of psychosocial mediators. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 2008. 43(12): p. 983-998.

    QR CODE