隨著現代社會的迅速發展，人們的生活越來越離不開互聯網。尤其是後疫情時代，人們生活發生了很大的轉變，網站的評估和調整有時難以快速滿足人們對於網站使用性的需求變化。網站的介面設計對其使用性具有關鍵作用。網站界面設計的主要目的是快速準確地向使用者提供必要和相關的資訊，滿足使用者不同的感知需求，尤其是在關鍵任務中幫助使用者有效地進行作業。格式塔原理是認知心理學中對人類視覺組織方式的描述，並且已經在介面設計中有所應用。然而，對於介面設計師和工程師而言，格式塔原理在實際設計工作中的使用和效果評估依然是較為模糊的。另外，格式塔原理在介面設計中的運用是否會影響介面使用性也值得討論。
傳統的使用性評估方式非常依靠受測者的主觀報告，並且往往是事後分析。這種評估方式缺乏客觀指標，並且難以反映使用者的實時狀態。生理心理學方法中涉及到的生理訊號能夠實時反映使用者的認知狀態，因此可以解釋使用者在操作過程中的心理活動，彌補了傳統方法的不足，為介面使用性的評估增加了更為客觀的指標。
本研究基於不同的格式塔原理設計出不同的網站介面，研究網站的佈置對使用性的影響。除了傳統的使用性評估指標外，本研究採用多種生理心理訊號作為新的指標，發現了格式塔原理的實施與網站介面使用性之間的關係。具體來說，接近性的使用會顯著影響使用者的皮膚電反應、心率、心率變異性及注視點持續時間；相似性的實施顯著影響使用者的積極情緒、消極情緒、感知可用性、皮膚電反應及心率變異性；相似性的使用對使用者的任務完成時間，消極情緒、感知可用性、皮膚電反應、心率、心率變異性及注視點持續時間有顯著影響。同時，在皮膚電反應、心率、心率變異性上，接近性與相似性存在交互作用；在心率及掃視幅度上，接近性與對稱性存在交互作用；在心率變異性上，相似性與對稱性存在交互作用。另外，多種生理訊號展示出與感知可用性、情緒體驗的顯著相關。因此，通過不同介面的使用性及對應的生理指標，能夠為基於生理訊號的使用性評估提供理論支持，使得未來構建智慧型使用性評估系統成為可能。

With the rapid development of modern society, people’s life is increasingly changed by the Internet. Especially in the post-epidemic era, people’s lives have undergone great changes, and the evaluation and adjustment of the website are sometimes difficult to quickly meet the changing needs of people for the usability of the website. Interface design plays a key role in website usability. Gestalt Principles are a description of the perceptual organization in cognitive psychology and have been applied in interface design. However, for interface designers and engineers, the use and effect evaluation of Gestalt Principles in actual design work is still relatively vague. In addition, whether the application of Gestalt Principles in interface design will affect the usability of the interface is also worth discussing.
Traditional usability assessment methods rely heavily on the subjective reports of the subjects, and often post-mortem analysis. This evaluation method lacks objective indicators, and it is difficult to reflect the real-time status of users. The physiological signals involved in the psychophysiological method can reflect the cognitive state of the user in real-time, so it can explain the psychological activities of the user during the operation process, make up for the shortcomings of the traditional method, and make the evaluation method of interface usability increase more objective indicators.
This study designs different website interfaces based on three Gestalt Principles and studies the impact of website layout on usability. In addition to traditional usability evaluation indicators, this study uses a variety of psychophysiological signals as new indicators to discover the relationship between the implementation of Gestalt Principles and website interface usability. In addition, through the usability of different interfaces and the corresponding physiological indicators, it can provide theoretical support for usability evaluation based on physiological signals, making it possible to build an intelligent usability evaluation system in the future.

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