瀝青混凝土之老化與疲勞破壞為其失去使用性能的主因，瀝青老化為瀝青經歷溫度、濕度與車輛載重行駛等因素所造成之損耗，使其內部產生化學變化；瀝青之疲勞破壞為鋪面承受反覆交通荷重所引起的疲勞性破壞，疲勞裂縫在鋪面上最嚴重會以鱷魚皮狀開裂的形式呈現。本研究透過原子力顯微鏡觀測瀝青老化前後微觀表面形貌，以找出老化前後對微觀結構行為變化。原子力顯微鏡試驗結果可透過蜂相(Bee Phase)之大小以及個數可觀察到瀝青老化之樣態，隨著瀝青經長期老化後，基底瀝青之蜂相分解成數量眾多且細小狀，改質瀝青則無明顯變化，顯示改質瀝青在相同老化條件下擁有較好之瀝青性質。瀝青膠泥對瀝青混凝土之疲勞與車轍行為影響深遠，分別透過線性振幅掃描試驗與多重應力潛變恢復試驗探究瀝青在老化前後之抗疲勞與抗車轍性能，並將兩者作相關性分析。線性振幅掃描試驗中，基底瀝青之針入度越大，疲勞性能越佳，經老化後則耐疲勞能力下降；溫拌瀝青在新鮮狀態下與基底瀝青擁有相似之抗疲勞能力，老化後耐疲勞能力下降；橡膠瀝青隨著橡膠膠粉添加量提高，橡膠瀝青疲勞性能有顯著提升；改質Ⅲ型瀝青疲勞性能在老化前後皆擁有最佳之抗疲勞能力。多重應力潛變恢復試驗結果顯示，隨著基底瀝青之針入度越大，其不可恢復濳變柔量越大，恢復率則近似於無，表示瀝青抵抗變形能力較差；橡膠瀝青中橡膠膠粉添加量越多，能夠提升瀝青恢復性能，在老化前後皆能使不可恢復濳變柔量降低、恢復率提升；改質Ⅲ型瀝青在未老化以及長期老化後皆位於可恢復區域，顯現其有足夠彈性，能維持瀝青良好之恢復性能。比較瀝青膠泥疲勞與車轍行為關係，當恢復率較低時，有較高之疲勞性能，反之當恢復率提升而車轍性能下降，則會使疲勞性能提升。
本研究亦進行瀝青混合料開裂試驗驗證膠泥的疲勞性質，以密級配瀝青混凝土設計，基底瀝青混凝土隨針入度越大，CTIndex越佳，抗開裂能力越好，溫拌瀝青之CTIndex則較基底瀝青無明顯提升，改質Ⅲ型瀝青混凝土之CTIndex則較其他基底瀝青為佳。橡膠瀝青混凝土採用越級配設計，其雖擁有極高CTIndex，但間接張力極值較低。瀝青膠泥與瀝青混凝土間之疲勞性能藉由線性振幅掃描試驗以及開裂試驗比較可得出兩者間擁有高度正相關性，在密級配設計下，改質Ⅲ型瀝青混凝土老化前後仍擁有最佳之Nf及CTIndex，顯示其疲勞性能表現最為優異。

Fatigue damage is the main factor for downgrading the performance of asphalt concrete. The aging of bitumen is one of the main factors which affect the fatigue performance of asphalt pavement. This thesis aimed to investigate microscopic surface morphology, fatigue performance, and rutting performance of binders. In this study, to investigate the changes in the microstructural behavior of aged and unaged asphalt binders, the microscopic surface morphology was observed by Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and evaluated based on the size and number of bee phases. The fatigue and rutting properties of aged and unaged binders were explored through the linear amplitude sweep test and multiple stress creep recovery tests respectively. Different types of penetration graded bitumen, polymer modified bitumen (MIII), rubber modified bitumen, and warm-mix asphalt binders were investigated in this study.
The microscopic surface morphology investigated by AFM revealed that, under the same aging condition, the bee phase of the neat asphalt decomposes into a large number and fine-shapes. However, modified asphalt has not shown significant change in bee phases, indicating that the modified asphalt has a better resistance against aging. The result from the linear amplitude sweep test showed that the greater the penetration of the neat asphalt resulted the better the fatigue performance and all penetration graded bitumen decrease in the fatigue resistance due to aging. The warm-mix asphalt has comparable fatigue resistance to the neat asphalt in the fresh state but has lower fatigue resistance after aging. In crumb rubber-modified bitumen, as the content of rubber powder increases, a significant improvement in the fatigue performance has resulted. Moreover, the fatigue performance of MIII asphalt has the best fatigue resistance before and after aging. The results of the multiple stress creep recovery test show that, as the penetration of the neat asphalt increases, the non-recoverable creep compliance increases and has not recovery rate, this indicating that the soft grade asphalt has poor resistance to permanent deformation. In both aged and unaged conditions, the modified III asphalt showed a higher recovery rate and lower non-recoverable creep compliance compared to other asphalt binder types, this means elastic enough to maintain the good recovery for better resistance of performance deformation. Comparing the relationship between asphalt fatigue and rutting behavior, when the recovery rate is low, there is a higher fatigue performance. Conversely, when the recovery rate increases and the rutting performance decreases, the fatigue performance will increase.
This study also conducted asphalt mixture cracking tests to verify the fatigue properties of the asphalt binders. For penetration graded asphalt, warm-mix asphalt, and MIII asphalt dense-graded asphalt concrete was designed. The result showed that the greater the penetration of the neat asphalt concrete, the better the CTIndex and the better the anti-cracking ability. Warm-mix asphalt has no significant improvement in CTIndex, and the modified III asphalt resulted in a higher CTIndex value other than other neat asphalts. To account a free space for rubber particles in aggregate skeletons, gap graded gradation were used for rubber modified asphalt concrete. The resulted showed a very high CTIndex and with increase in rubber content CTIndex showed a significant increment. The correlation between fatigue performance of asphalt binder and asphalt concrete is established through the linear amplitude sweep test and cracking test. It can be concluded that there is a high positive correlation between the two. Generally, the modified III asphalt showed the best performance before and after aging in terms of fatigue resistance with higher value of Nf and CTIndex.

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羅玉珊 (2020)，「橡膠改質對瀝青黏結料與混合料之工程績效影響」，國立臺灣科技大學營建工程系，臺北。
中華民國國家標準 (2020)，「鋪面用改質柏油，CNS 14184：2020 K5150」，經濟部標準檢驗局。
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