研究生: |
黃建豪 Chien-Hao Huang |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
以電紡技術製備用於燃料電池觸媒層之白金奈米纖維 The Preparation of Pt-Catalyst Layer for Fuel Cells by Using the Electrospinning |
指導教授: |
何明樺
Ming-Hua Ho |
口試委員: |
張敏興
Min-Hsing Chang 白孟宜 Meng-Yi Bai |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
工程學院 - 化學工程系 Department of Chemical Engineering |
論文出版年: | 2011 |
畢業學年度: | 99 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 132 |
中文關鍵詞: | 電紡 、PVP 、白金纖維 、交聯程序 |
外文關鍵詞: | electrospinning, PVP, Pt fibers, cross-linking process |
相關次數: | 點閱:540 下載:18 |
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本實驗利用靜電紡絲法製備高分子PVP與白金前驅物所合成之複合奈米纖維,再以高溫移除高分子與還原白金前驅物形成具有高電導度與高比表面積之白金金屬奈米纖維,探討燒結後的金屬纖維之型態、元素組成、電化學性質與電性等最佳化研究,並且使用各種方法如降低燒結速率、中間層塗布、碳基材表面改質與交聯程序等進行煅燒程序後白金纖維薄膜均勻化之探討,期待作為質子交換膜燃料電池中陽極觸媒層的應用。
首先進行白金奈米纖維最佳化之製備,包含材料參數如高分子PVP濃度、溶劑之間的比例與白金前驅物濃度和電紡操作參數如電壓大小、流率大小以及雙極間距等最佳化程序。再煅燒後,以FESEM分析纖維型態及尺寸,可得尺寸40nm大小之奈米纖維,大幅提高比表面積。使用四點碳針儀進行電導度測試,可達3×104 S/cm之高電導度值,提高電子在電觸媒層上傳輸的速率。
在薄膜均勻化部份,將高分子白金纖維沉積在碳紙擴散層後,使用Glutaraldehyde(GA)作為交聯劑交聯高分子鏈形成網狀結構,在燒結過成中能抑制纖維的收縮達到薄膜均勻貼附的效果,增加電池大小的可能性,實現以金屬纖維作為質子交換膜燃料電池電觸媒層之
發展性。
The electrospun Pt nanofibers are prepared by the electrospinning of PVP-Pt solution, and then the PVP is removed by calcination in the air. The PVP concentration, solvent composition, Pt concentration, flow rate, applied voltage and discharging distance in the electrospinning are all optimized in this study. After that, the calcinations temperature and period are also investigated. To analyze the structure and properties of metallic nanofibers, SEM, TEM and EDS were applied to obtain the morphologyof nanofibers and the distribution of Pt in fibers. The Pt-fibrous layer are homogenized by several methods, including decrease of heating rate,coating of middle layer,surface modification for carbon support and cross-linking process.
The results indicated that the Pt nanofibers fabricated in this research are highly alloyed. With the optimized conditions in the electrospinning process, the diameters of nanofibers were smaller than 40 nm and with homogeneous distribution of Pt. The results also show a higher electrical conductivity of Pt nanofibers, compared with those of the conventional Pt nanoparticle catalysts. By using the pre-crosslinking with GA vapor and the post-crosslinking with concentrated GA solution, the shrinkage caused by calcinatiion can be avoided. Thus, a homogeneous catalyst layer composed of Pt electrospun fibers is successfully prepared in this study. The adhesion between carbon paper and Pt-fibrous catalyst layer is good in a large area. The enhancements of electrocatalytic properties for the Pt nanofibers could outperform on the electro-oxidations over the fuel cell electrodes.
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