對我國而言，電氣化鐵路交通是長程運輸的重要工具，無論是於社會民生或國防安全均扮演非常重要角色，因此，對於鐵路牽引饋電系統之安全性與供電可靠度要求也相對重視。然而因天然、人為與設備等因素，電氣故障的發生是難以預知且避免，必須設計一具保護協調性之系統，於故障發生後，將故障排除時間與斷電區間極小化，以保障人員與設備之安全。牽引列車之供電饋線隨著鐵路穿梭於人煙稀少之荒郊野外或人口密集之都會地區，可能因不同的原因發生斷線，唯有迅速定位並排除故障，方能確保供電可靠度與安全性。
本文首先檢討鐵路牽引變電所應用傳統過電流電驛之保護協調現況，針對其缺點提出更合適之保護規劃與電驛設定。主要概念係藉由具IEC 61850通訊能力之智慧型電子裝置(IED)，規劃其動作邏輯，完成區域選擇性閉鎖及斷路器失效保護功能，可具體改善既有系統保護不協調之缺失。針對架空電車線之故障定位，本文探討各不同饋電架構之故障定位方法，並特別針對直接饋電架構，提出創新之智慧式雙端法，此法可同時考慮故障電阻和牽引負載影響因子之故障定位方法，模擬結果顯示，其故障定位誤差不超過0.07%。

Railway electric traction is an important tool for long way transportation in our country. It plays a key role not only for people daily life but also for military purpose. Hence, both the security and dependability of electric railway power supply system are well noted. However, due to such as the natural disasters, human error and devices malfunction, the system fault may occasionly happen and is unpredictable and unavoidable. To guard the operator and systems safely a coordinated protection system is required. The main purpose is to minimize the fault duration and losing power zone once the fault occurs. As the railways running through the urban and suburban areas, the locomotive of trolley wire may interrupt because of the different reasons. It is the way to guarantee the reliability and the security of the power supply system by quickly fault detection and isolation.
First of all, the tranditional overcurrent protection scheme is intensively reviewed. Then, an improved protection scheme and relay setting are proposed mainly by aid of IED which enbed with IEC 61850 communication capability. The logic programming, Zone Selective Interlocking(ZSI) and Breaker Failure Protection(BFP) functions will all present. Next, there are several methods aim to different locomotive power fedding scheme have been introduced to identify the fault location of trolly wire. Finally, an innovation intelligence double-ended method is proposed for direct power feeder scheme. The fault resistance and the traction load condition may impact the estimation of fault location. However, our innovation method can handle the mention possibility. The simulation shows that the fault location estimation error not more than 0.07%.

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