本文主要在探討聚乳酸與聚對苯二甲酸己二酸丁二醇酯共混物的物理性質、形態及經過熱處理後的影響。使用雙螺桿混練機及射出成型機制備聚乳酸/聚對苯二甲酸-己二酸-1,4-丁二醇三元共聚酯(PLA/PBAT)共混物。採用DSC及DMA來了解材料的熱性質，拉力試驗機及衝擊試驗機等來研究共混物的力學性質，XRD及POM觀察共混物的結晶性，以及用SEM觀察破壞表面的形態。結果顯示PLA/PBAT共混物隨PBAT含量的增加而抗拉強度下降，伸長率則隨PBAT含量增加上升，衝擊吸收能也隨PBAT含量增加上升。經過熱處理後PLA的抗拉強度及楊氏係數會上升，並且加入PBAT會使得PLA的結晶有明顯的下降。PLA/PBAT的共混物在形態和熱性質上相容性不佳。

This paper report to study of mechanical properties and morphology of annealing PLA/PBAT blends. These materials were fabricated into the injection moldings by using twin-screw extruder and injection molding machine. The thermal properties of these blends were investigated by DSC and DMA. The values of tensile strength and fracture toughness were measured by tension machine and Izod impact machine. Crystallinity were observed by XRD and POM. Fracture surfaces were observed using SEM to study the morphology of blends. The results showed that the tensile strength of PLA/PBAT blends decrease with PBAT increase, elongation increase with PBAT increase. The impact strength increase with PBAT increase. Young’s modulus, tensile strength and Crystallinity increased after annealing. Crystallinity of PLA/PBAT blends decrease with PBAT increase. PLA/PBAT were incompatible with each other on morphology and thermal properties.

(1) N. A. Higgins “Condensation Polymers of Hydroxyacetic Acid,” U.S. Patent 2,676,945 (1954).
(2) E. T. H. Vink, K. R. Rá|bago, D. A. Glassner and P. R. Gruber, “Applications of life cycle assessment to NatureWorks™ polylactide (PLA) production,” Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 80, pp403-419, (2003).
(3) C. H. Holten, “Lactic Acid Properties and Chemistry of Lactic Acid and Derivatives,” Verlag Chemie, Germany, (1971).
(4) J. Lunt, “Large-scale production, properties and commercial applications of polylactic acid polymers,” Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 59, pp. 145-152, (1998).
(5) P. De Santis, A. J. Kovacs, “Molecular Conformation of Poly (S-lactic Acid),” Biopolymers, Vol. 6, pp. 299-306 (1968).
(6) W. Hoogsteen, A. R. Postema, A. J. Pennings and G. ten Brinke, “Crystal Structure, Conformation, and Morphology of Solution-Spun Poly(L-lactide) Fibers,” Macromolecules, Vol. 23, pp. 634-642 (1990).
(7) Tadakazu Miyata and Toru Masukot, “Morphology of poly(L-lactide) solution-grown crystals,” Polymer, Vol. 38, pp. 4003-4009 (1997).
(8) J. Kobayashi, T. Asahi, M. Ichiki, A. Suzuki, T. Watanabe, E. Fukada and Y. Shikinami, “Structural and optical properties of poly lactic acids,” Journal of applied physics, Vol. 77, pp. 2957-2973 (1995)
(9) B. Eling, S. Gogolewski and A. J. Pennings, “Biodegradable materials of poly(L-lactic acid): 1. Melt-spun and solution-spun fibres,” Polymer, Vol 23, pp. 1587-1593 (1982).
(10) J.Puiggali ,Y.Ikada ,H.Tsuji ,L.Cartier ,T.Okihara and B.Lotz, “The frustrated structure of poly(l-lactide),” Polymer, Vol. 41, pp. 892-893 (2000).
(11) Davide Brizzolara and Hans-Joachim Cantow, “Mechanism of the Stereocomplex Formation between Enantiomeric Poly(lactide)s,” Macromolecules, Vol. 29, pp. 191-197 (1996).
(12) L.Cartier ,T.Okihara ,Y.Ikada ,H.Tsuji ,J.Puiggali and B.Lotz, “Epitaxial crystallization and crystalline polymorphism of polylactides,” Polymer, Vol. 41, pp. 8909-8919 (2000).
(13) Takeshi Semba, Kazuo Kitagawa, Umaru Semo Ishiaku and Hiroyuki Hamada, “The effect of crosslinking on the Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid/Polycaprolactone Blend,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 101, pp. 1816-1825 (2006).
(14) H. Tsuji, T. Yamada, M. Suzuki and S. Itsuno, “Blends of aliphatic polyesters Part 7. Effects of poly (L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) on morphology, structure, crystallization, and physical properties of blends of poly(L-lactide) and poly(ε-caprolactone),” Polymer International, Vol. 52, pp. 269-275, (2003).
(15) O.Martin and L.Avérous, “Poly(lactic acid) plasticization and properties of biodegradable multiphase systems,” Polymer, Vol. 42, pp. 6209~6219, (2001).
(16) Marie-Amélie Paul, Michael Alexandre, Philippe Degée, Catherine Henrist, André Rulmont and Philippe Dubois, “New nanocomposite materials based on plasticized poly(L-lactide) and organo-modified montmorillonites : thermal and morphological study,” Polymer, Vol. 44, pp. 443~450, (2003).
(17) N. Ogata, G. Jimenez, H. Kawai and T. Ogihara, “Structure and thermal/mechanical properties of poly(l-lactide)-clay blend,” Journal of Polymer Science: Part B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 35, pp 389-396, (1997).
(18) J. A. Manson and L. H. Sperling, “Polymer Blends and Composites,” Plenum Press, New York, (1976).
(19) 蕭傑美, “聚氧化二甲苯/聚苯乙烯/橡膠聚摻合物之研究,” 清華大學化工所碩士論文, (1987).
(20) L. A. Utracki and R.A. Weiss, “Multiphase polymer: Blends and Ionomers,” American Chemical Society, Washington D. C. (1989).
(21) 萬明坤, “通用塑膠混摻的複合材料,” 高分子工業, No. 58, pp. 51-54(1995)
(22) Tadakazu Miyata and Toru Masuko, “Crystallization behaviour of poly(L-lactide),” Polymer, Vol. 39, pp 5515-5521, (1998)
(23) Hideto Tsuji, Yoshito Ikada, “Blends of isotactic and atactic poly(lactide)s: 2. Molecular-weight effects of atactic component on crystallization and morphology of equimolar blends from the melt,” Polymer, Vol. 37, pp. 595-602, (1996).
(24) E. W. Fischer, H. J. Sterzel, and G. Wegner, “Investigation of the structure of solution grown crystals of lactide copolymers by means of chemical reactions,” Colloid & Polymer Science, Vol. 251, pp. 980-990, (1972).
(25) Long Yu, Hongshen Liu, Fengwei Xie, Ling Chen and Xiaoxi Li, “Effect of Annealing and Orientation on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Poly lactic Acid,” Polymer Engineering & Science, Vol. 48, pp. 634-641, (2008).
(26) Hideto Tsuji, Yoshito Ikada, “Properties and morphology of poly(L-lactide):1 Annealing condition effects on properties and morphologies of poly(L-lactide),” Polymer, Vol. 36, pp. 2709-2716, (1995).
(27) Friedrich K. “Crazes and shear bands in semi-crystalline thermoplastics,” Advances in polymer science, (1983)
(28) L. E. Nielsen, “Mechanical Properties of Polymer,” Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York (1962).
(29) R. Buchdahl and L. E. Nielsen, “Transitions in High Polymeric Materials,” Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 21, pp. 482-487, (1950)
(30) J. A. Schmitt and H. Keskkula, “Short-time stress relaxation and toughness of rubber-modified polystyrene,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 3, pp. 132-142, (1960).
(31) 顧書英, 詹輝 and 任杰, “聚乳酸/PBAT共混物的製備及其性能研究,” 中國塑料, Vol. 20, pp. 39-42, (2006)
(32) Sang Dae Park, Mitsugu Todo, Kazuo Arakawa and Masaaki Koganemaru, “Effect of crystallinity and loading-rate on mode I fracture behavior of poly(lactic acid),” Polymer, Vol 47, pp. 1357-1363, (2006)