研究生: |
曾孝文 Hsiao-Wen Tseng |
---|---|
論文名稱: |
運用企業系統規劃架構於研發流程改善之個案研究 Research and Development Process Improvement for a company by utilizing Business System Planning Framework |
指導教授: |
周碩彥
Shuo-Yan Chou |
口試委員: |
楊文鐸
none 謝光進 none |
學位類別: |
碩士 Master |
系所名稱: |
管理學院 - 工業管理系 Department of Industrial Management |
論文出版年: | 2008 |
畢業學年度: | 96 |
語文別: | 中文 |
論文頁數: | 191 |
中文關鍵詞: | 企業系統規劃技巧 、工作流程 、企業流程改善 、研發流程 、SIPOC企業流程模式 |
外文關鍵詞: | Business System Planning, Task procedure, Business Process Improvement, Research and Development Process, SIPOC business Process model |
相關次數: | 點閱:223 下載:10 |
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面對全球化競爭的微利的時代,企業時刻面臨『時間與速度的競賽』的考驗,因此,企業想要在此賽局中勝出必須適當的運用策略來建構一套資訊系統,透過資訊系統來全面整合企業流程,經由資訊科技的協助方能將組織的行銷、研發、生產、財務、人事業務活動做最適當的配置與管理。
企業策略須經由企業流程用來實現,然而,即使有良好的策略,策略本身不能保證能有效的執行,企業必須持續改善會影響企業策略達成目標之關鍵流程問題,方能保證企業策略的有效執行,否則,在接單組裝的營運模式下,企業在行銷、研發、生產、物料、財務的流程都將遭遇問題,在行銷流程方面不準確銷售預測,又須接受客戶的緊急訂單,造成多個關連流程的問題,譬如,(1)緊急訂單可能無法如期交貨而影響出貨作業流程,(2)緊急訂單必須插單生產,造成生產計劃變動過大,使的生產計劃流程難以執行,(3)緊急訂單造成採購的前置時間不足,使的廠商無法如期交貨而影響採購作業流程。
在研發方面有不當的作業流程,使的相關部門無法即時參與協同作業,造成開發的時間延遲,影響量產接單的時程。製造、品管部門錯誤的使用舊的作業標準版本,造成生產錯誤而影響生產流程,頻繁的工程變更又造成許多的呆料廢料,增加企業的材料成本而影響庫存管理流程。
材料庫存不準確的作業流程,造成缺料而影響生產領料、缺料導致與其它多個關連流程的問題,譬如,(1)為了避免因缺料而造成停工待料,生管只好變更生產計劃而影響生產計劃流程,(2)材料庫存不準確造成物料需求與請購作業的錯誤而影響物料需求與請購流程,(3)材料庫存不準確造成成本計算錯誤而影響成本計算流程,生產成本錯誤造成業務報價錯誤而影響到報價作業,由此可知企業流程之間彼此是交互影響,上游的流程的產出(Output)是提供給下游流程輸入(Input)使用,因此必須視所有流程為一體,並以跨部門、跨組織的角度去改善企業流程。
本研究的主旨是利用企業系統規劃方法建構企業資訊系統與改善企業流程,以有效統合行銷、研發、生產、人力資源、財務活動,進而達到降低營運成本,提升市場地位,創造『持續性的競爭優勢』。
Facing global competition in this era of thin profit margins, an enterprise is always challenged by the race between time and speed. To win this race, an enterprise must properly deploy strategies to construct a set of information systems. By using information systems, business processes can be fully integrated and implemented. Information science enables an organization to appropriately deploy and manage business processes of sales and marketing, research and development, manufacturing, finance, and human resources.
Business strategy is realized by business processes. However, good business strategies do not guarantee business performance unless they are effectively executed. To ensure effective execution of business strategies, an enterprise must constantly improve business processes that affect achieving strategic goals. Under the operating model of assembly-to-order, business processes including sales and marketing, research and development, manufacturing, material, and finance will run into a host of issues without effective execution of business strategy. In the sales process, unreliable sales forecasts and the need to accept customers’ rush orders causes several issues interconnected many issues interconnected to other business processes. For example, (1) Rush order may not be shipped on time, affecting the goods shipping process, (2) Rush order often need to be filled by breaking into the production schedule, resulting in difficulty executing the significantly altered production plans, in turn affecting manufacturing scheduling, and (3) Rush order create insufficient lead time for purchasing such that the material supplier fails to ship goods on time, which affects procurement process.
In the research and development process, inadequate operating procedures make it difficult for involved departments to promptly collaborate in product development. This leads to delay in product development, which affects timeliness of receiving orders. Manufacturing and quality assurance departments mistakenly use outdated version of the standard operating procedures leading to production errors, affecting the manufacturing process. Frequent engineering changes also result in a great deal of scrap or slow moving materials leading to increased material costs, which affect inventory control process.
In the material inventory process, unreliable inventory management causes shortage of raw materials. Raw material shortage and unreliable inventory create many issues interconnected to other business processes. For example, (1) to avoid shutting down manufacturing by raw material shortage, production control cannot help but change production schedule, which affects the manufacturing scheduling process, (2) unreliable inventory leads to error in material requirement plans, which affects the material requirement planning process, (3) unreliable inventory leads to mistakes in cost estimate, which affects the cost accounting process. Production cost mistake causes quotation error, which affects the quotation process. Hence, business processes are interconnected. Output from an upstream process provides input to a downstream process. Therefore, business processes should be treated as an integral system and utilize to improve business processes regardless of department and organization boundaries,
The objective of this study is to construct business information systems in order to improve business processes and coordinate sales, research and development, manufacturing, human resources, and finance activities by utilizing a business system planning. By achieving this objective, an enterprise will lower operating costs, enhance market position, and create long lasting competitive advantages。
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