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研究生: 陳宗億
Tsung-I Chen
論文名稱: 乙縮醛合成製程設計與控制
Process Design and Control of Diethylacetal Synthesis
指導教授: 周宜雄
Yi-Shyong Chou
口試委員: 錢義隆
I-Lung Chien
錢玉樹
Yu-Shu Chien
王逢盛
Feng-Sheng Wang
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 工程學院 - 化學工程系
Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年: 2006
畢業學年度: 94
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 75
中文關鍵詞: 反應性蒸餾殘餘曲線圖乙縮醛
外文關鍵詞: reactive distillation, residue curve map, diethylacetal
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本研究經由蒸餾程序使用乙醇與乙醛以及酸性陽離子交換樹酯觸媒(Amberlyst®15)生產乙縮醛。程序設計中主要設備為一座連續攪拌反應器,兩座蒸餾塔以及兩座分相槽。經由反應性殘餘曲線分析,發現系統中具有共沸點轉移現象以及發現新的蒸餾邊界。乙縮醛與水的混合物可經由分相槽整合蒸餾塔程序將其分離。連續攪拌反應器操作溫度以及分相槽操作溫度對於程序影響重大,因此在動態設計上,於該設備之前架設熱交換器,減輕其熱負荷。本研究生產乙縮醛程序中,乙醛轉化率幾近100%,為相當高的轉化率。


This work presents the development of a novel process for the production of diethylacetal from the reaction between ethanol and acetaldehyde catalyzed by the acid resin Amberlyst ®15 using distillation technology. The main equipments in the process design are one continuous-stirred tank reactors, two distillation columns and two decanters. By way of reactive residual curve map the system exhibits azeotropic transfer phenomenon and a new distillation boundary was discovered. Diethylacetal and water mixture can be separated by using distillation columns in conjunction with decanters. The operating temperature of the CSTR and decanters influence the system greatly, thus, heat exchangers are added to reduce the heat duty. In this work, Simulated results show that high acetal purities can be achieved for 100% acetaldehyde conversion.

第一章 緒論 1-1 前言 1 1-2 文獻回顧 2 1-2-1 乙縮醛之程序分析 2 1-2-2 反應蒸餾曲線 3 1-3 研究動機 3 1-4 組識章節 4 第二章 熱力學與動力學模式 2-1 前言 5 2-2 動力學模式建立與參數 5 2-3 熱力學模式建立與參數 7 2-4 殘餘曲線圖 12 2-5 四成分殘餘曲線圖 19 第三章 程序最適化設計 3-1 前言 34 3-2 乙縮醛製程設計概念 34 3-3 最適化步驟 37 3-4 最適化設計 42 3-4-1 CSTR反應體積設計 42 3-4-2 生產程序之氣提塔板數 43 3-4-3 純化程序之氣提塔板數 43 3-5 最適化設計之溫度分佈及濃度分佈探討 48 3-5.1 溫度分佈探討 48 3-5.2 濃度分佈探討 49 第四章 動態模擬 4-1 前言 51 4-2 乙縮醛製程之控制架構 51 4-3 控制架構的探討 52 4-3-1 控制架構分類(CS1~CS2) 52 4-3-2 擾動對於程序的影響 54 4-4 CS1控制策略 54 4-4-1 開環靈敏度分析 55 4-4-2 控制器參數調諧方法 57 4-4-3 CS1動態模擬結果控制器參數調諧方法 58 4-5 CS2控制策略 62 4-5-1 CS2動態模擬結果 63 第五章 結論 ………………………………………………………………………………66 符號說明 68 參考文獻 69 附錄A 設備費用與操作費用計算公式 72 附錄B 庫存控制環路控制器參數 75 附錄C 純化程序氣提塔與一座分相槽程序 76

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