本研究使用縱橫資料(panel data)的形式探討影響台灣區域醫院經營績效之關鍵因素，並採用健保研究資料庫自1998年到2012年132家台灣區域醫院的資料，同時，利用BP-LM Test、Hausman Test及Over-Identification Test of the Hausman-Taylor Model (HTM) 篩選適當的實證模型。
實證結果顯示人口老化、失業率以及可支配所得皆對於區域醫院總點數有顯著正向影響。此外，不同類型之醫院其點數收入也有所差異，研究結果發現，私立醫院點數收入平均高過於公立醫院。相較於非教學醫院，教學醫院擁有較好的績效。再者，健保床的數量對於總點數有顯著的正向影響，反觀非健保床數量卻與總點數呈現負向關係。醫療服務人員方面，護理人員以及醫技人員的人數越多，區域醫院總點數收入就越多。唯有醫師人數對總點數有負面且顯著的重要影響，其結果隱含著醫院為了減輕醫師的工作負荷量，而雇用更多的醫師，進而造成醫療上規模不經濟的情形發生。而當醫院之科別數越多，提供之醫療服務項目就越多，總點數也因而增加。最後，政府政策方面，本研究結果指出在實施總額支付制度之後，醫療服務量不減反增。實施總額支付制度是為了要減少醫療資源浪費的情形，但在固定的預算之下，各家醫院為了賺取更多的醫療點數，提供更多醫療服務給病患，最後卻造成醫療資源浪費。

This study investigates the determinants of regional hospital performance during the period from 1998 to 2012 in Taiwan, using the Breusch-Pagan LM test, the Hausman test, and Hausman and Taylor’s Over-identification test to select the most appropriate empirical method.
The empirical results reveal that macro indexes such as an aging population, the unemployment rate and disposable income have a significantly positive impact on the total point of regional hospitals, while the total point of private hospitals is on average higher than that of public hospitals. In addition, compared to non-teaching hospitals, teaching hospitals have better operating performance. As for the medical providers, the more insured beds, nurses and medical technology personnel that they have, the more points that the hospitals receive overall. By contrast, the numbers of partially insured beds and of physicians have significantly negative impacts on the total number of points. We can thereby infer that hospital managers hire more physicians to reduce the workload of physicians. This leads to diseconomies of scale. We also find that more divisions in a hospital can help increase the total number of points. Finally, the total points are observed to have increased significantly since the Global Budget system was implemented. In order to receive more points, hospitals are committed to providing more medical services and waste more medical resources.

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