對於幸福的追尋，從古至今皆然，現代人因為身處多元選擇的社會，能控制自己的生活抉擇，故對於幸福及影響幸福之因素的資訊更加渴求。對於幸福的探討，既有研究通常著眼於人口特徵、社會資本等角度，較缺乏與建築、居住環境相關之討論。然而住宅環境對居住者生理、心理影響甚鉅，又須投入大量金錢及時間成本購買，其重要性不言而喻。有鑑於住宅環境對居住者的重要性，本研究以居住狀況出發，分析「華人家庭動態調查」資料庫中現居臺灣者的居住狀況與主觀幸福感之關聯性。在研究方法的選擇上，連續變項採用多元迴歸分析，探討自變項對因變項的影響方向；類別變項則選用廣義線性模型的單變量分析，分析自變項的各類別間，其因變項的平均數高低。研究結果大致符合既有文獻與研究假說，並能發現現居地為臺灣者，當房屋所有權屬為自己或配偶、居住樓層越高、居住人數越多、家具與家庭耐久設備支出越高時，在主觀幸福感五面向之平均數皆為最高，意即產生最高主觀幸福感。本研究根據統計分析結果對政府政策的擬定與施行提出建議，包括建立衛星城市生活圈、有限度興建高層住宅、共享公寓、青銀共居等，期望能建立一符合民眾需求與喜好之居住模式，藉以提升臺灣社會整體的主觀幸福感。

The pursuit of happiness has been the same from ancient times to the present. Modern people are more thirsty for information about happiness and the factors that affect happiness because we are in a society with multiple choices and can control our life choices. For the discussion of happiness, existing research usually focuses on demographic characteristics and social capital, but there are few discussions related to the residential environment. However, the residential environment has a huge impact on the occupants' physiology and psychology, and it also requires a lot of money and time to purchase. Therefore, its importance is self-evident. In view of the importance of the residential environment to the occupants, this research uses the database of "Panel Study of Family Dynamics" to analyze the correlation between the subjective well-being and the living conditions of the people living in Taiwan. This study uses multiple regression analysis on numeral variables and uses generalized linear model on nominal variables to explore the relevance of variables. The results are generally in line with the existing literature and research hypotheses. It can be found that when the ownership of the house belongs to the residents or their spouse, the higher the floor of the residence, the greater the number of residents, the higher the expenditure on furniture and household durable equipment, the highest subjective well-being is produced. Based on the results of statistical analysis, this research makes recommendations for the formulation and implementation of government policies, including the establishment of a satellite city living circle, construction of high-rise residential buildings, shared apartments, and co-living, etc. Hope to establish a living model that meets the needs and preferences of the people and to enhance the overall subjective well-being of Taiwanese society.

[1] 主計總處，2011，社會指標統計年報。
https://www.stat.gov.tw/lp.asp?ctNode=3478&CtUnit=1033&BaseDSD=7，取用日期：2021年3月17日。
[2] 李玉倩，2007，《台灣地區年輕世代婚姻與幸福感之研究：1992-2005》。臺北：國立臺北大學社會學研究所碩士論文。
[3] 余民寧、陳柏霖、許嘉家、鐘珮純、趙珮晴，2012，〈自覺健康狀態、健康責任、情緒幸福感及憂鬱關係之調查〉。《屏東教育大學學報-教育類》38期：頁199-226。
[4] 林之耀，2019，《機車汽車大不同：交通方式與通勤時間對主觀福祉的影響》。臺北：國立政治大學社會學研究所碩士論文。
[5] 林俞君，2020，《從消費支出檢視房屋財富效果》。臺北：國立政治大學財務管理研究所碩士論文。
[6] 林家慶，2020，《房屋不動產產業之策略行銷分析－以鼎峰不動產為例》。臺北：國立政治大學經營管理碩士學程碩士論文。
[7] 苗元江，2009，〈從幸福感到幸福指數──發展中的幸福感研究〉。《南京社會科學》11期。
[8] 張勻翔，2002，《亞里斯多德《尼各馬科倫理學》之幸福觀─由「幸福」與諸概念的關係談起》。桃園：國立中央大學哲學研究所碩士論文。
[9] 黃郁婷、李嘉惠、郭妙雪，2011，〈幸福嗎？臺灣地區成年人幸福感及其相關因素初探〉。《教育與家庭學刊》2期：頁27-57。
[10] 楊文山、王乃琳，2012，〈臺灣與香港生活與婚姻幸福感的比較研究〉。《應用倫理評論》52期：頁115-139。
[11] 劉蓉果、朱瑞玲，2020，〈臺灣民衆幸福感變動趨勢：世代、年齡及人格的影響〉。《人口學刊》60期：頁43-94。
[12] 陳又綸，2020，《自我決定對主觀幸福感之影響：探討工作與家庭增益中介效果與個人與主管適配調節效果》。嘉義：國立中正大學勞工關係學系碩士論文。
[13] 陳秋伶，2019，《以結構方程模式探討社區環境、情感評價與幸福感之關係》。臺南：國立成功大學建築學系博士論文。
[14] 陳聖勳，2017，《快樂與房屋的關聯性》。臺北：國立政治大學財政研究所碩士論文。
[15] 陳慶旭，2012，《伴隨變數缺失的比例勝算比模型之多重插補法》。臺中：逢甲大學統計學系統計與精算碩士班碩士論文。
[16] 陳嬿竹，2002，《網路與真實人際關係、人格特質及幸福感之相關研究》。屏東：國立屏東師範學院教育心理與輔導研究所碩士論文。
[17] 彭錦鵬、李俊達，2014，〈影響主觀幸福感因素之研究〉。論文發表於「臺灣政治學會年會」，臺北：臺灣政治學會，2014年12月6日至12月7日。
[18] 彭錦鵬、黃東益，2012，《幸福指數指標建構之研究》。財團法人臺灣民主基金會補助計畫。
[19] 游智文，2020，〈台灣人要花多少時間才能還清房貸？一張表了解各縣市人的還款速度！〉。臺北：經濟日報，6月5日。
https://smart.businessweekly.com.tw/Reading/IndepArticle.aspx?id=6001977，取用日期：2021年3月15日。
[20] 廖培珊、江振東、林定香、李隆安、翁宏明、左宗光，2011，〈葛特曼量表之拒答處理：簡易、多重與最鄰近插補法的比較〉。《臺灣社會學刊》47期：頁143-178。
[21] 劉正山、莊文忠，2013，〈項目無反應資料的多重插補分析〉。論文發表於「臺灣選舉與民主化調查2012年國際學術研討會」，臺北：臺灣選舉與民主化規劃與推動委員會，2012年11月3日至11月4日。
[22] 陸洛，1998，〈中國人幸福感之內涵、測量及相關因素探討〉。《國家科學委員會研究彙刊：人文及社會科學》1期：頁115-137。
[23] 鄭凱云，2017，《台灣幸福城市評估模式之探討》。臺北：文化大學都市計劃與開發管理學系碩士論文。
[24] Alois Stutzer and Bruno S. Frey, 2008, “Stress that Doesn't Pay: The Commuting Paradox”, The Scandinavian Journal of Economics, volume 110, pages 339-366.
[25] Andrew E. Clark, 2018, “Four Decades of the Economics of Happiness: Where Next?”, The Review of Income and Wealth, volume 64, pages 245-269.
[26] Andrew L. Fanning and Daniel W. O'Neill, 2018, “The Wellbeing–Consumption paradox: Happiness, health, income, and carbon emissions in growing versus non-growing economies”, Journal of Cleaner Production, volume 212, pages 810-821.
[27] Andrew Steptoe, 2019, “Happiness and Health”, Annual Review of Public Health, volume 40, pages 339-359.
[28] Antje Jantsch and Ruut Veenhoven, 2019, “Private Wealth and Happiness”, Wealth（s) and Subjective Well-Being, volume 76, pages 17-50.
[29] Bert Brunekreef and Stephen THolgate, 2002, “Air pollution and health”, The Lancet, volume 360, pages 1233-1242.
[30] Betsey Stevenson and Justin Wolfers, 2008, “Happiness Inequality in the United States”, The University of Chicago Press Journals, volume 37.
[31] Dimitris Ballas and Danny Dorling, 2007, “Measuring the impact of major life events upon happiness”, International Journal of Epidemiology, volume 36, pages 1244-1252.
[32] G.C. Galster, 1983, “Empirical Evidence on Cross-Tenure Differences in Home Maintenance and Conditions”, Land Economics, 59.
[33] Gary W. Evans, 2003, “The built environment and mental health”, Journal of Urban Health, volume 80, pages 536-555.
[34] George MacKerron, 2011, Happiness and Environmental Quality, Unpublished doctoral dissertation, London School of Economics, London.
[35] Ed Diener, Shigehiro Oishi, and Louis Tay, 2018, “Advances in subjective well-being research”, Nature Human Behaviour, volume 2, pages 253-260.
[36] J. Chen, Hardin III, and Hu, 2018, “Housing, Wealth, Income and Consumption: China and Homeownership Heterogeneity”, Real Estate Economics.
[37] Joan Aldous, Rodney F. Ganey, 1999, “Family Life and the Pursuit of Happiness: The Influence of Gender and Race”, Journal of Family Issues, volume 20.
[38] John Knight and Ramani Gunatilaka, 2009, “The Rural–Urban Divide in China: Income but Not Happiness?”, The Journal of Development Studies, volume 46, pages 506-534.
[39] Juncal Cuñado and Fernando Pérez de Gracia, 2012, “Does Education Affect Happiness? Evidence for Spain”, Social Indicators Research, volume 108, pages 185-196.
[40] Laura D Kubzansky, Eric S Kim, Joel Salinas, Jeff C Huffman, Ichiro Kawachi, 2016, “Happiness, health, and mortality”, The Lancet, volume 388, pages 27.
[41] Luca Stanca and Ruut Veenhoven, 2015, “Consumption and happiness: an introduction”, International Review of Economics, volume 62, pages 91-99.
[42] Matias D. Cattaneo, Sebastian Galiani, Paul J. Gertler, Sebastian Martinez, Rocio Titiunik, 2009, “Housing, Health, and Happiness”, American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, volume 1, pages 75-105.
[43] Mohamed, A. and Malek, N. M., 2021, “House Ownership among Middle-income Urban Society Revisited: Multi-dimensional Perspectives”, Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities （MJSSH), 6（3), pages 319-329.
[44] Paul Frijters and Tony Beatton, 2015, “The mystery of the U-shaped relationship between happiness and age”, Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, volume 82, pages 525-542.
[45] Richard A. Easterlin, 2003, Explaining happiness, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
[46] Richard E. Adams, 1992, “Is happiness a home in the suburbs?: The influence of urban versus suburban neighborhoods on psychological health”, Journal of Community Psychology, volume 40, pages 271-377.
[47] Riediker M, Koren HS., 2004, “The importance of environmental exposures to physical, mental and social well-being.” Int J Hyg Environ Health, 207（3), pages 193-201.
[48] Seppo Laaksonen, 2018, “A Research Note: Happiness by Age is More Complex than U-Shaped”, Journal of Happiness Studies, volume 19, pages 471-482.
[49] Steven Stack and J. Ross Eshleman, 1998, “Marital Status and Happiness: A 17-Nation Study”, Journal of Marriage and Family, volume 60, pages 527-536.
[50] Veenhoven, R., 2008, “Healthy happiness: Effects of happiness on physical health and the consequences for preventive health care”, Journal of Happiness Studies, volume 9, pages 449-464.
[51] Wing Hong Chui and Mathew Y. H. Wong, 2016, “Gender Differences in Happiness and Life Satisfaction Among Adolescents in Hong Kong: Relationships and Self-Concept”, Social Indicators Research, volume 125, pages 1035-1051.
[52] Xian Zheng, Zi-qing Yuan, and Xiaoling Zhang, 2020, “Does happiness dwell in an owner-occupied house? Homeownership and subjective well-being in urban China”, Cities, volume 96.