在過去已有學者相繼投入國家文化對偏差行為的研究，結果也驗證了國家文化對管理者、企業之偏差行為會造成影響。本研究有別於過去，將文化層次著眼於“個人層次”，探討個人文化與職場偏差行為之關係。在社會失序理論被驗證能夠解釋國家文化對個人偏差行為的影響後，本研究欲探討社會失序理論是否也適用於解釋個人文化取向（不確定性規避、集體主義、長期主義）對職場偏差行為（組織偏差行為、人際偏差行為）的影響，並以收入等級為調節變項，檢驗其對個人文化與職場偏差行為之調節效果。本研究以居住在奧地利、有工作之當地人為研究對象，採問卷調查方式，總計回收７５份有效樣本。本研究結果顯示：群體主義與人際偏差行為有負向之關係；收入等級會調節群體主義避與組織偏差行為之間的關係；收入等級會調節長期主義與組織偏差行為之間的關係。

The researches about the relationship between country-level culture and deviance have been examined by many researchers, and approved that country-level culture could really affect our deviance. This research is different from the past researches. We focus on personal culture orientation and try to examine the relationship between personal culture orientation（uncertainty avoidance, collectivism, long-term orientation） and workplace deviance（organizational deviance, interpersonal deviance）. To support our research, we want to confirm that the Anomie Theory is also applicable to explain the relationship between person culture and deviance, since it’s been confirmed it can support the results for the country-level culture. We use the income as the moderator to examine its moderating effect to personal culture and workplace deviance. Results from a sample of 75 local Austrian who has a job indicates: collectivism negatively related to interpersonal deviance; income could moderate the relationship between collectivism and organizational deviance; income could moderate the relationship between long-term orientation.

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