可持續發展要求的可持續供應，清潔，廉價的能源，不會造成負面的社會影響。燃料電池技術是已知的，是一個有希望的解決方案在世界各地的能源問題。在燃料電池技術的主要目標是開發低成本，高性能和耐用的材料。然而，在碳載體上的鉑和呆滯的氧還原反應（ORR）動力學不穩定的影響聚合物電解質膜燃料電池（PEMFC）的活性和長期耐久性的關鍵問題。同樣，直接甲醇燃料電池（DMFC），其特徵在於由較慢的氧化動力學頑強舉行的類CO逐步甲醇脫氫過程中產生的反應中間體的甲醇，甲醇的交叉和鉑中毒。此外，高活性和高選擇性的催化劑，在很寬的溫度窗口操作（如80-180℃），良好的耐CO2和CO中毒的蒸汽，可承受的一些問題需要解決燃料電池催化。
為了使與其他現有技術的競爭力的燃料電池，燃料電池發電系統的成本，必須減少，必須提高其耐用性和可靠性。然而，惡劣的自然豐度，鉑電極的燃料電池的海岸。最近，探索的替代催化劑（非貴重金屬電極和金屬合金）和他們的支持領域的研究熱點。雙方的催化劑和它們的支撐工程是已知的潛在提高的海岸，燃料電池的電催化活性和耐久性。
因此，本文的重點是調查的超薄二氧化鈦包覆多壁碳納米管和Mn摻雜TiO2，Pt催化劑用於燃料電池的支持和CO氧化催化。我們的重點是探索替代的催化劑載體，提供各種優勢，其相對較高的表面積，電導率，穩定，合作的催化活性和由於Pt和支持的強相互作用，導致高度分散，錨鉑催化劑粒子。強烈的金屬支持互動揭示了一個高度活躍和穩定elctrocatalysts氧還原反應（ORR），甲醇氧化反應（MOR）和CO的催化氧化。
這項工作的第一部分是“超薄型二氧化鈦包覆多壁碳納米管具有良好的導電性和SMSI性質的Pt催化劑對氧還原反應在質子交換膜燃料電池的支持。它集中負載納米二氧化鈦上沉積超薄多壁碳納米管的合成及表徵鉑在質子交換膜燃料電池的氧的還原反應。在這裡，我們提出了一個簡單的策略塗層碳納米管均勻的超薄TiO2薄膜用於質子交換膜燃料電池的支持，通過使用一個簡單的改性溶膠 - 凝膠法，然後鉑 - 多壁碳納米管的合成@ UT-二氧化鈦電極的使用甲酸作為還原劑對鉑金的。我們的方法利用了強烈的金屬的支持，的相互作用（SMSIs）之間的多壁碳納米管@ UT-TiO2載體和鉑納米粒子，這將導致在D-波段空缺，鉑金，由於電子轉移的支持減少，從而提高了性能的負載型催化劑。我們的研究結果表明，鉑MWCNT @ UT-TiO2具有較好的催化活性和耐久性相比具有同等的Pt負載量的Pt-MWCNT和Pt-C。
第二部分的標題是：“的合成與表徵一個多功能Ti0.8Mn0.2O2納米材料為Pt催化劑的支持：鐵道部，ORR催化應用'。這項工作的目的是支持Pt催化劑的合成的Ti0.8Mn0.2O2納米材料和探討，以提高活動的宣傳效果，穩定性和CO在甲醇氧化反應的耐受性。在這項工作中，Mn摻雜水平為銳鈦礦相二氧化鈦結構優化的探索，特點和提出的這些有趣的納米複合材料的形成機理。甲醇在Pt負載Mn摻雜二氧化鈦（銳鈦型）納米材料與納米片和納米狀形態的道路氧化的影響。這表明，Pt負載在Mn摻雜TiO2載體的發現一個有前途的唯一CO容限電相比，適宜的甲醇氧化反應（MOR）。在CO剝離測量顯示，20重量％Pt/Ti0.8Mn0.2O2的抗CO電催化劑對甲醇氧化反應的多個吸收峰，表現出其獨特的性質。是歸因於高穩定性，活性和獨特Pt/Ti0.8Mn0.2O2的納米材料向鐵道部改進的電子和質子導電性，強烈的金屬載體的相互作用以及促銷的效果發揮的Ti0.8Mn0.2O2產生的“雙功能”為MOR機制。
這項工作的目的也是為了探索這種新的Ti0.8Mn0.2O2鉑納米材料作為一種高活性和持久的催化劑對氧還原反應。電化學能量轉換技術的最具挑戰性的問題，在其中是活性的催化劑的氧還原反應中，催化劑的劣化和碳 - 支持腐蝕不足。因此，燃料電池用催化劑的設計必須被引導不僅通過集中在金屬催化劑上的催化行為;它也應該是對合成的一個交互式和穩定的支撐。從金屬 - 載體強相互作用（SMSI）是電子，幾何和雙功能的影響催化劑的活性，選擇性和穩定性的催化劑的性能負責。在這裡，我們介紹了一個高度穩定和活躍的Pt/Ti0.8Mn0.2O2電催化劑對氧還原反應。的優點是歸因於改進的導電性的水合Ti0.8Mn0.2O2支持，相對更高的比表面積，孔隙度和強烈的金屬載體相互作用（SMSI）由多功能Ti0.8Mn0.2O2賦予。 SMSI是由於從Ti0.8Mn0.2O2支持到Pt的電子轉移引起的，即，在d帶結構的Pt粒子的移位導致Pt和中間物種之間的弱相互作用。成立於Pt/Ti0.8Mn0.2O2納米材料對氧還原反應的活躍程度顯著高於其相​​應的Pt/TiO2為2.8倍，更比目前國家的最先進的Pt / C催化劑的納米級催化劑50電極表面的μg/cm-2負荷。
的最後一部分題目是：“較低的溫度下CO氧化錳摻雜二氧化鈦（Ti0.8Mn0.2O2）催化劑Pt負載在一個非常低的重量百分比顯著改善。它著重於合成，表徵及CO氧化催化活性一個非常低的％（重量）的Pt上的錳摻雜TiO2（0.05重量％Pt/Ti0.8Mn0.2O2的）納米材料的支持。用於合成的混合介孔的納米片和nanoroad的材料的合成方法提供了一些顯著的優點。 0.05％（重量）Pt / Ti0.8Mn0.2O2的樣品表現出顯著較高的CO氧化活性比相應的0.05％（重量）的適宜。較高的活性為0.05％（重量）Pt/Ti0.8Mn0.2O2歸因播放宣傳效果的氧原子的遷移率。用該催化劑時，100％的CO轉化率在120 oC。然而，0.05％（重量）Pt/TiO2在180℃時顯示出100％的CO轉化率。 Ti0.8Mn0.2O2顯示促銷效果Ti0.8Mn0.2O2納米材料沉積在催化劑的高活性，高穩定的鉑。我們的方法也可以擴展到其他技術領域：綠色的水分解和鋰離子電池。
在這項研究中，超薄的二氧化鈦塗層的MWCNT和Mn摻雜技術分別提供了一個可行的方法，它可以擴展到其他類似的技術應用的其他納米材料塗層和摻雜。

Sustainable development requires a sustainable supply of clean and affordable energy resources that do not cause negative societal impacts. Fuel cell technology is known to be a promising solution for energy issues over the world. The main objective in fuel cell technologies is to develop low-cost, high-performance and durable materials. However, the instability of platinum on the carbon support and the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are critical issues affecting the activity and long-term durability of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Similarly, direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are characterized by the slower oxidation kinetics of methanol, methanol crossover and platinum poisoning by tenaciously held CO-like reaction intermediate produced during stepwise dehydrogenation of methanol. Furthermore, highly active and selective catalyst that operates well in a wide temperature window (e.g., 80-180 oC), good resistance to CO2 and steam that withstands CO poisoning are still issues needed to be addressed for fuel cell catalysis.
In order to make fuel cells competitive with other conventional technologies, the cost of fuel cell power systems must be reduced; their durability and reliability must be improved. However, the poor natural abundance of platinum electrocatalyst keeps the cost of fuel cells higher. Recently, exploring alternative catalysts (nonprecious metal electrocatalyst and metal alloys) and their supports are hot areas of research. Engineering of both the catalysts and their supports is known to potentially improve the activity and durability of the electrocatalysts for fuel cells catalysis.
Therefore, this dissertation is focused on investigations of ultrathin TiO2 coated MWCNT and Mn doped TiO2 as Pt catalyst supports for fuel cell and CO oxidation catalysis. Our focus is to explore alternative catalyst supports that provide various advantages in terms of its relative high surface area, conductivity, stability, co-catalytic activity and due to the strong interactions between Pt and the support, leading to highly dispersed and well-anchored Pt catalyst particles. The strong metal support interaction revealed a highly active and stable elctrocatalysts for ORR, methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) and CO oxidation catalysis.
The first part of this work is entitled ‘‘ultrathin TiO2-coated MWCNTs with excellent conductivity and SMSI nature as Pt catalyst support for oxygen reduction reaction in PEMFCs.’’ It focuses on the syntheses and characterization of Pt deposited on ultrathin TiO2-coated MWCNTs for oxygen reduction reaction in PEMFCs. Here we present a simple strategy to coat MWCNTs uniformly with an ultrathin TiO2 film used for PEMFC support by using a simple modified sol–gel method and then Pt is deposited on a MWCNTs@UT-TiO2 support by using formic acid as a reductant. Our approach takes advantage of the strong metal support interactions (SMSIs) between the MWCNT@UT-TiO2 support and platinum nanoparticles, which results in a decrease of the d-band vacancy of platinum due to electron transfer from the support, thereby enhancing the performance of the supported catalyst. Our results revealed that Pt–MWCNT@UT-TiO2 has better catalytic activity and durability compared to Pt–MWCNT and Pt–C with equivalent Pt loadings.
The second part is entitled ‘‘synthesis and characterization of a multifunctional Ti0.8Mn0.2O2 nanomaterial support for Pt catalyst: MOR, ORR catalytic applications’’. This work is aimed at the synthesis of Ti0.8Mn0.2O2 nanomaterial for Pt catalyst support and explores the promotional effect for improved activity, stability and CO tolerance in methanol oxidation reaction. In this work, an optimized Mn doping level into anatase phase TiO2 structure has been explored, and characterized and the formation mechanism of these intriguing nanocomposite is proposed. Oxidation of methanol over Pt supported on Mn doped TiO2 (anatase) nanomaterials with nanosheet and nanorod like morphology was investigated. It is demonstrated that Pt supported on a Mn doped TiO2 support revealed a promising unique CO tolerance electrocatalysts for MOR compared to Pt/TiO2. In the CO stripping measurement, Pt/Ti0.8Mn0.2O2 nanomaterial displayed multiple absorption peaks exhibiting its unique nature for a CO tolerant electrocatalyst for methanol oxidation reaction. The high stability, activity and unique Pt/Ti0.8Mn0.2O2 nanomaterial towards MOR is ascribed to the improved electron conductivity, strong metal support interaction as well as to the promotional effect resulting from ‘bifunctional’ mechanism for MOR played by Ti0.8Mn0.2O2.
This work is also aimed to explore this novel Ti0.8Mn0.2O2 supporting Pt nanomaterial as a highly active and durable catalyst towards oxygen reduction reaction. Among the most challenging issues in technologies for electrochemical energy conversion are the insufficient activity of the catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction, catalyst degradation and carbon-support corrosion. Design of fuel cell catalysts must, therefore, be guided not only by focusing on the catalytic behavior of the metal catalysts; it should also be on synthesis of an interactive and stable supports. The electronic, geometric and bifunctional effects originating from Strong Metal-Support Interactions (SMSI) are responsible for the catalyst’s activity, selectivity, and stability determining the performance of catalysts. Here we introduced a highly stable and active Pt/Ti0.8Mn0.2O2 electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction. The advantages conferred by the multifunctional Ti0.8Mn0.2O2 is ascribed to the improved conductivity of the hydrated Ti0.8Mn0.2O2 support, relatively higher surface area, porosity and the strong metal support interactions (SMSI). The SMSI results in electron transfer from Ti0.8Mn0.2O2 support to Pt; that is, the shift in the d-band structure of the Pt NPs leads to weak interactions between Pt and the intermediate species. The level of activity for the oxygen reduction reaction established on Pt/Ti0.8Mn0.2O2 nanomaterial significantly exceeds its corresponding Pt/TiO2 and is 2.6-fold more active than the present state-of-the-art Pt/C nanoscale catalyst for a 50 μg/cm-2 loading on glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) surface.
The final part is entitled ‘‘significantly improved lower temperature CO oxidation over an extremely low loading of Pt supported on a manganese doped TiO2 (Ti0.8Mn0.2O2) catalyst.’’ It focuses on synthesis, characterization and CO oxidation catalytic activity over an extremely low loading of Pt supported on a Manganese doped TiO2 (Pt/Ti0.8Mn0.2O2) nanomaterial. The synthesis procedure offers some distinct advantages for the synthesis of mixed mesoporous nanosheet and nanorod material. Pt/ Ti0.8Mn0.2O2 sample exhibited significantly higher CO oxidation activity compared with the corresponding Pt/TiO2. The higher activity of Pt/Ti0.8Mn0.2O2 is ascribed to the mobility of oxygen atom playing a promotional effect. With this catalyst, 100 % CO conversion occurs at 120 oC. However, the Pt/TiO2 showed 100 % CO conversion at 180 oC. The Ti0.8Mn0.2O2 displays a promotional effect for a highly active and stable platinum catalyst deposited on Ti0.8Mn0.2O2 nanomaterial. Our approach can also be extended to other technological areas: green water splitting and lithium ion batteries.
In this study, the ultrathin TiO2 coating of MWCNT and Mn doping techniques respectively provides a feasible method for coating and doping of other nanomaterials which can be extended to other similar technological applications.

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