以微粒影像測速儀探討二階靜電集塵器內之充電微粒軌跡

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研究生：	賴建霖 Chien-Lin Lai
論文名稱：	以微粒影像測速儀探討二階靜電集塵器內之充電微粒軌跡 Study of Charged Particle Trajectories in a Two-Stage Electrostatic Precipitator Using Particle Image Velocimetry
指導教授：	田維欣 Wei-Hsin Tien
口試委員:	陳炤彰 Chao-Chang Chen 林怡均 Yi-Jiun Lin 溫琮毅 Tsrong-Yi Wen 周鼎贏 Dean Chou
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	工程學院 - 機械工程系 Department of Mechanical Engineering
論文出版年：	2019
畢業學年度：	107
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	116
中文關鍵詞：	懸浮微粒、靜電集塵器、微粒影像測速儀
外文關鍵詞：	Particulate Matter, Electrostatic Precipitator, Particle Image Velocimetry
相關次數：	點閱：309 下載：16
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在空氣中的懸浮微粒(Particulate Matter, PM)已被證實對人體健康有負面影響，因此移除懸浮微粒的技術也成為目前人們研究的目標。靜電集塵器(electrostatic precipitator , ESP)是其中一種高效率的微粒收集系統，被廣泛的運用在空氣清淨機或工業用過濾器中。本論文以微粒影像測速儀(Particle Image Velocimetry, PIV)技術，觀察氯化鈉與氧化鋁微粒在設置圓柱形冠狀電極之二階靜電集塵模型中受電場影響後的流動變化，並量測帶電微粒之軌跡以及速度。本研究中探討了不同流速(2.6m/s~5.7m/s)以及冠狀電極電壓(0kV~12kV)共12種設置之靜電集塵模型在充電區與收集區中微粒受電場影響後的移動軌跡，並利用寬範圍顆粒粒徑譜儀進行微粒的集塵效率檢測，驗證微粒移動軌跡與集塵效率之相互關係。研究結果發現微粒在充電區中會隨著冠狀電極電壓的增大，產生的離子風(Ionic wind)增強，進而使微粒流向於激發電極板的速度越快且角度越垂直。在收集區中，微粒一樣會因為冠狀電極電壓的增大，使得微粒流向於收集板趨勢越為明顯。比較氧化鋁微粒與氯化鈉微粒受電場影響移動軌跡可發現氧化鋁微粒流向收集板趨勢較氯化鈉微粒明顯，原因在於氧化鋁微粒的電荷數(Charge number)比氯化鈉微粒高，因此更容易受電場影響。比較各設置之集塵效率可發現流速越大則集塵效率越差，冠狀電極電壓越強時則集塵效率越好。在流速為2.6m/s，冠狀電極電壓為12kV的情況下，氯化鈉有最高集塵效率為82.5%、氧化鋁微粒的集塵效率最高為88.5%。氧化鋁微粒全部數據的集塵效率皆比氯化鈉微粒高，藉此證實微粒因電荷數的影響在模型中的移動軌跡與集塵效率有著密切的關係。

Particulate Matter (PM) has been confirmed to cause health risks and PM removal technology is therefore the research interest of many studies. Electrostatic Precipitator(ESP) is one of the highly efficient particle collecting system and is widely used for air purifier and industrial filtering system. In this study, the flow behaviors of charged NaCl and Al_2 O_3 particles in the two-stage ESP model excited by the cylindrical corona electrode is investigated. The trajectories and velocities of the charged particles were measured by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) for 12 configurations of ESP with bulk flow velocities ranging from 2.6m/s to 5.7m/s and corona electrodes voltages ranging from 0kV to 12kV in both charger and collector regions. The particle collecting efficiencies were obtained by a wide-range particle spectrometer to evaluate the relations between the particle trajectory and the collecting efficiency. The results show that when the corona electrodes voltage is larger, it would produce stronger ionic wind and cause the charged particles move towards the exciting electrode. Similar trends were found in the collector area as the higher the corona electrodes voltage, the faster particle movements towards the collecting electrode. Comparison between the NaCl and Al_2 O_3 particle trajectories show that because of the higher charger number of Al_2 O_3 particles than that of the NaCl particles, the faster the Al_2 O_3 particles move towards the collecting electrode. Collecting efficiency results show higher flow velocity make the particle collecting efficiency lower whereas higher corona electrodes voltage makes the collecting efficiency higher. For both NaCl and Al_2 O_3 particles, the highest collecting efficiencies of 82.5% and 88.5% were obtained at the flow velocity of 2.6m/s and corona electrodes voltage of 12kV, respectively. Al_2 O_3 particles have higher collecting efficiencies than NaCl in all configurations confirms that the charge number is of critical importance to the trajectories and collecting efficiencies of charged particles in the ESP.

摘要                            2
Abstract                    4
致謝                            6
目錄                            7
圖目錄                            10
表目錄                            14
第一章 緒論                    15
1    研究背景                    15
2    文獻回顧                    17
2.1 懸浮微粒對人體的危害    17
2.2 不同幾何型式之冠狀電極    19
2.3 觀察ESP電極附近之流場變化    21
3    研究目的                    30
4    論文架構                    31
第二章 實驗原理與方法            32
1 靜電集塵原理                    32
1.1 電暈放電                    32
1.2 微粒充電機制            33
1.3 微粒受力機制            34
2 實驗方法                    35
2.1 二階靜電集塵器模型            35
2.1.1 二階靜電集塵壓克力模型    37
2.1.2 整流器                    38
2.1.3 風扇                    39
2.1.4 高壓直流電源供應器    41
2.2 流場可視化實驗設置            42
2.2.1 雷射硬體設備和透鏡組合    42
2.2.2 微粒生成方法            44
2.2.3 高速攝影機捕捉系統    50
2.3 影像微粒測速儀分析            51
第三章 結果與討論                    55
1 靜電集塵模型充電區之氯化鈉微粒測速分析結果    55
1.1 電壓-冠狀電極0kV / 收集板0kV    56
1.2 電壓-冠狀電極8kV / 收集板16kV    60
1.3 電壓-冠狀電極10kV / 收集板16kV    65
1.4 電壓-冠狀電極12kV / 收集板16kV    69
1.5 小結                            73
2 靜電集塵模型收集區之氯化鈉微粒測速分析結果    74
2.1 電壓-冠狀電極0kV / 收集板0kV    75
2.2 電壓-冠狀電極8kV / 收集板16kV    79
2.3 電壓-冠狀電極10kV / 收集板16kV    83
2.4 電壓-冠狀電極12kV / 收集板16kV    87
2.5 小結                            91
3 氯化鈉與氧化鋁微粒測速分析結果比較    92
3.1 充電區                            92
3.2 收集區                            98
4 氯化鈉與氧化鋁微粒集塵效率比較            108
第四章 結論與未來建議                    110
1 結論                            110
2 建議及未來工作                    112
參考文獻                                    113

                                

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