一個應用於智慧農場的環境監控系統 -行動裝置應用程式設計

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研究生：	彭少麒 Shao-Chi Peng
論文名稱：	一個應用於智慧農場的環境監控系統 -行動裝置應用程式設計 An Environmental Monitoring and Control System for Smart Farm Applications -Design of Mobile Application
指導教授：	吳傳嘉 Chwan-Chia Wu 黎碧煌 Bih-Hwang Lee
口試委員:	黎碧煌 Bih-Hwang Lee 張俊明 Chun-Ming Chang 吳傳嘉 Chwan-Chia Wu
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	電資學院 - 電機工程系 Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年：	2021
畢業學年度：	109
語文別：	中文
論文頁數：	138
中文關鍵詞：	物聯網、智慧農場、智慧農業、HTTP傳輸協定、iOS應用程式
外文關鍵詞：	iOS 14.4, Swift 5, Xcode 12.4, UIGestureRecognizer
相關次數：	點閱：208 下載：2
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氣候變遷日益嚴重，未來將面臨全球糧食短缺，就臺灣而言，從農人口逐漸
高齡化，因缺乏年輕人補進而大幅縮減。隨著物聯網蓬勃發展，現今農業發展朝
「自動化」、「智慧化」邁進。
本論文使用 Swift 5 實現在 iOS 14.4 系統裝置上，開發一套 App 應用於智慧
農場的物聯網系統。主要頁面為「登入」、「註冊」、「農場管理系統」、「溫
室管理系統」、「手動診斷」，功能包含「動態規劃溫室」、「動態規劃感測器」、
「查看感測器歷史紀錄」、「警報設定」、「自動偵測」。目的為幫助使用者遠
端管理農場，透過動態規劃溫室模擬實際農場溫室佈局，於溫室內動態規劃感測
器，藉由 BLE Mesh 結合 HTTP 發展出長距離低功耗傳輸技術，將感測器搜集到
的資料數據上傳至 MySQL 資料庫，實現 iOS App 與電腦網頁「同步」，讓使用
者居家即輕鬆完成「雲端巡田」，透過遠端監控即時掌握農場運作情形。
本論文突破傳統農業限制，節省大量務農時間與人力。「警報設定」能針對
農作物本身條件設置上下限，若數值超標可對溫室內部設備實施遠端遙控，即時
處理危機，降低農作物損失。當感測器連線異常、數值超標…等問題發生將啟動
「自動偵測」，iOS App 介面上感測器與溫室圖示會即時變色，提醒使用者排除
警戒，本論文亦提供表格化「手動診斷」，讓使用者一目瞭然該溫室所有感測器
名稱、連線狀況、更新時間，並以視覺化圖表呈現「感測器歷史紀錄」，讓使用
者具備大數據進一步分析，優化農作物品質。

Climate change is getting worse, which will make food shortages foreseeable in
the future. Most Taiwanese farmers are gaffers, and the agricultural population will
shrink significantly. Along with the vigorous development of the IoT, agriculture is
developing towards automation and intelligence.
In This thesis, we develop an App on iOS 14.4 with Swift 5 for the smart farm
based on IoT architecture. The main pages are “Login,” “Registration,” “Farm
Management System,” “Greenhouse Management System,” and “Manual Diagnostics.”
The App functions include “Dynamic Planning Greenhouse,” “Dynamic Planning
Sensor,” “Checking Sensor History Records,” “Warning Setting, and Auto Detection.”
The primary purpose is to help users manage farms remotely, simulate the real world’s
greenhouses layout through dynamic programming, and develop low- power and long
distance transmission technology through BLE Mesh network combined with HTTP
protocol to upload collected data to the MySQL database. This iOS App is synchronous
with the computer website so that users can efficiently operate it. Through remote
monitoring, it can immediately deal with the farm’s emergency, and reduce employee
costs.
This iOS App can also throw agricultural convention to the winds. Users can set
the maximum and minimum condition value for crops through “Warning Setting”, if
the detection value is not in the standard range, carry out “Remote Switching” can deal
with the crisis immediately and efficiently and reduce crop damage. When the sensor
connection is abnormal, or the sensor detection value is out of the standard range, “Auto
Detection” warns users by changing the sensor and greenhouse icons’ color instantly to
modify it. The system also provides “Manual Diagnostics.” it uses UITableView to
present the sensor’s names, connection status, and update time.“Sensor History
Records” uses a visual chart to show the sensor’s detection values and times so that
users can further analyze and optimize the quality of crops.

摘要.............................................................................................................................. I
ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................II
誌謝............................................................................................................................III
目錄............................................................................................................................IV
圖索引 ..................................................................................................................... VII
表索引 ..................................................................................................................... XII
第一章 緒論..............................................................................................................1
1 研究背景.....................................................................................................1
1.1 IoT.........................................................................................................1
1.2 智慧農業..............................................................................................4
2 研究動機.....................................................................................................5
3 研究目的.....................................................................................................6
4 章節架構.....................................................................................................7
第二章 相關技術與文獻介紹.............................................................................8
1 WPAN..........................................................................................................8
2 WLAN..........................................................................................................8
3 網路拓樸.....................................................................................................9
3.1 拓樸種類..............................................................................................9
4 Wi-Fi..........................................................................................................10
4.1 IEEE 802.11........................................................................................11
5 ZigBee........................................................................................................13
6 Bluetooth....................................................................................................14
6.1 BLE.....................................................................................................18
6.2 BLE Mesh Network ............................................................................27
7 TCP/IP .......................................................................................................31
8 HTTP..........................................................................................................32
8.1 API......................................................................................................34
8.2 URL & Parameter ...............................................................................35
8.3 HTTP 訊息格式.................................................................................36
8.4 HTTP Method .....................................................................................39
8.5 GET 與 POST.....................................................................................40
9 JSON..........................................................................................................42
10 iOS ...........................................................................................................43
11 Swift.........................................................................................................44
11.1 Xcode ................................................................................................45
11.2 CocoaPods.........................................................................................46
第三章 系統架構設計.........................................................................................49
1 全端系統架構...........................................................................................49
1.1 iOS App 直接對接 MySQL 資料庫 ..................................................50
2 iOS 應用功能部署 ....................................................................................51
3 Sign Up Page 註冊系統.............................................................................53
3.1 Codable ...............................................................................................54
3.2 URLSession ........................................................................................54
3.3 Closure ................................................................................................56
3.4 GCD....................................................................................................57
4 Home Page 登入首頁................................................................................58
4.1 UIViewController 生命週期 .............................................................59
4.2 iOS 鎖定頁面方向 ............................................................................60
4.3 UserDefaults .......................................................................................61
5 Sign In Page 農場管理系統......................................................................62
5.1 CGRect................................................................................................63
5.2 UIGestureRecognizer..........................................................................64
5.3 UINavigationController......................................................................67
5.4 Timer...................................................................................................68
5.5 Sync.....................................................................................................69
5.6 解決 Sync 衍生的弊端......................................................................69
5.7 新增溫室............................................................................................70
5.8 拖曳溫室............................................................................................71
5.9 縮放溫室............................................................................................72
5.10 變形溫室..........................................................................................73
5.11 命名溫室..........................................................................................73
5.12 刪除溫室..........................................................................................74
5.13 進入溫室..........................................................................................75
5.14 提醒未定義 Peripheral 數量...........................................................75
6 Green House Page 溫室管理系統.............................................................76
6.1 Floaty ..................................................................................................78
6.2 UIButton 自動佈局 ............................................................................78
6.3 啟動偵測............................................................................................79
6.4 新增感測器........................................................................................80
6.5 拖曳感測器........................................................................................81
6.6 命名感測器........................................................................................82
6.7 刪除感測器........................................................................................83
6.8 查看感測器座標軸............................................................................84
7 警報設定...................................................................................................85
7.1 設置感測器上下限............................................................................85
7.2 遠端遙控第三方設備........................................................................86
8 Sensor History Page 感測器歷史紀錄......................................................86
8.1 UIPickerView .....................................................................................87
8.2 Charts..................................................................................................88
9 Manual Diagnosis Page 手動診斷.............................................................89
9.1 UITableView.......................................................................................89
第四章 系統實作與成果 ....................................................................................91
1 Sign Up Page 註冊系統.............................................................................91
2 Home Page 登入首頁................................................................................93
3 Sign In Page 農場管理系統......................................................................96
3.1 新增溫室............................................................................................96
3.2 拖曳溫室............................................................................................97
3.3 縮放溫室............................................................................................99
3.4 變形溫室..........................................................................................100
3.5 命名溫室..........................................................................................101
3.6 刪除溫室..........................................................................................102
3.7 進入溫室..........................................................................................103
3.8 提醒未定義 Peripheral 數量...........................................................104
4 Green House Page 溫室管理系統...........................................................104
4.1 啟動偵測..........................................................................................104
4.2 新增感測器......................................................................................106
4.3 刪除感測器......................................................................................108
4.4 命名感測器......................................................................................109
4.5 拖曳感測器......................................................................................110
4.6 查看感測器座標軸..........................................................................111
4.7 遠端遙控..........................................................................................112
5 Sensor History Page 感測器歷史紀錄....................................................113
6 Manual Diagnosis Page 手動診斷...........................................................115
7 Auto Diagnosis 自動診斷........................................................................116
7.1 連線異常..........................................................................................116
7.2 偵測值超標......................................................................................117
7.3 正常狀態..........................................................................................118
第五章 結論與未來展望 ..................................................................................119
1 結論.........................................................................................................119
2 未來展望.................................................................................................119
參考文獻.................................................................................................................120
                                

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networking-part-2/
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https://microchipdeveloper.com/wireless:ble-gap-roles
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network topology:
https://embeddedcentric.com/lesson-2-ble-profiles-services-characteristics-device
roles-and-network-topology/
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https://drive.google.com/file/d/1cuVZq3RjUqkKwoGymqCGcNhSp87f1zEW/view
[19] Bluetooth SMART:
https://learn.adafruit.com/introduction-to-bluetooth-low-energy/gatt?view=all
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https://www.2cm.com.tw/2cm/zh-tw/tech/7480E3786F984FCBA7CC9DFDFAE3D196
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https://www.ti.com/lit/an/swra648/swra648.pdf?ts=1628839279825&ref_url=https
%253A%252F%252Fwww.ti.com%252Ftool%252FLAUNCHXL-CC26X2R1
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https://javascript.plainenglish.io/what-is-json-519751ee0435
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%E5%82%B3%E8%BC%B8%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A-1d9b5be3fd24
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https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/Common_questions/What_is_a_URL
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http://www2.ic.uff.br/~michael/kr1999/2-application/2_02-http.htm
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%E7%9C%8B%E8%BF%99%E4%B8%80%E7%AF%87%E6%96%87%E7%A
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