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研究生: 謝廷祥
Ting-Hsiang Hsieh
論文名稱: 基於下垂控制法之三相四臂換流器並聯系統研製
Research and Development of Parallel Three Phase Four-Leg Inverters Based on Droop Control
指導教授: 林景源
Jing-Yuan Lin
邱煌仁
Huang-Jen Chiu
口試委員: 林景源
Jing-Yuan Lin
邱煌仁
Huang-Jen Chiu
黃仁宏
Peter Huang
張佑丞
Zhang-You Cheng
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電資學院 - 電子工程系
Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering
論文出版年: 2020
畢業學年度: 108
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 109
中文關鍵詞: 換流器並聯三相四臂換流器下垂控制法不平衡負載
外文關鍵詞: Parallel inverters system, Unbalanced load, Droop control, Three-phase four-leg inverter
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本文以數位控制實現具備援功能之三相四臂T型式換流器並聯系統。為避免換流器斷線無法正常供電於負載,因此使用兩臺換流器並聯改善單臺換流器故障,負載依然由另臺換流器供電,藉此提升系統可靠度。此並聯系統採用無通訊方式之下垂控制法,作為並聯控制策略,達成無通訊方式並具功率分配之功能,且加入虛擬電阻,以確保各換流器輸出阻抗一致,有效降低輸出功率之誤差。
換流器架構採用三相四臂T型式拓樸架構,此架構特點為輸出電壓為多階波形能有效降低輸出電壓諧波含量,且第四臂可控制不平衡電流。針對不平衡負載,使用正、負、零序分別獨立控制方式,透過抑制負序與零序電壓,使三相輸出電壓維持平衡。透過載波脈波寬度調變,將三相參考訊號注入三次諧波,其最大振幅調變係數與空間向量脈波寬度調變一樣,但無需判斷空間向量區間,易於數位化實現之優點。實驗部分製作兩臺8 kW三相四臂T型式換流器,完成系統並聯測試與驗證。


This thesis proposes the design and implementation of a digitally-controlled three-phase four-leg T-type inverter parallel system with redundancy feature. In order to avoid inverter is disconnected and cannot supply power to the load normally. Thus using two inverters parallel to improve single inverter breakdown. The load is still power by another inverter, thereby improving the reliability of the system. To achieve the power sharing without communication, the system uses the droop control method as the control strategy for parallel operation. Moreover, add virtual resistance to ensure that the output impedance of each inverter is same, effectively reduce the error of output power.
The proposed inverter topology is using three-phase four-leg T-type topology. The characteristic of this topology is that output voltage is multi-level which can effectively reduce the output voltage THD, and unbalanced current can be controlled. Independent control positive, negative and zero sequence for unbalanced loads. Through inhibit the negative and zero sequence voltage to maintain three-phase voltage balance. By Carrier-Based Pulse Width Modulation, the three-phase reference signals are injected into the third order harmonic. The maximum amplitude modulation factor is the same as the Space Vector PWM. The advantage of CBPWM is easy to digitalization and no need to determine the location of space vertor. Finally, the proposed theoretical analysis is verified by experimental result.

摘要 i Abstract ii 誌 謝 iii 目 錄 iv 圖索引 vi 表索引 x 第一章 緒論 1 1.1 研究背景與動機 1 1.2 章節大綱 3 第二章 多階式換流器與調變技術介紹 4 2.1 傳統式換流器 4 2.1.1 半橋式 4 2.1.2 全橋式 5 2.2 多階式換流器 6 2.2.1 電容中性點箝位式 6 2.2.2 二極體箝位式 8 2.2.3 T型式 9 2.3 三相四線換流器介紹 10 2.3.1 三相四臂全橋換流器 10 2.3.2 三相四線電容中性點T型式換流器 11 2.3.3 三相四臂T型式換流器 12 2.4 調變技術介紹 13 2.4.1 正弦脈波寬度調變 13 2.4.2 空間向量脈波寬度調變 14 2.4.3 載波脈波寬度調變 18 2.5 三相四臂T型式直/交流換流器 23 2.5.1 開關動作時序 23 2.5.2 區間動作分析 24 第三章 換流器並聯控制介紹 36 3.1 系統備援介紹 36 3.2 集中式控制法 36 3.3 主僕式控制法 37 3.4 平均電流控制法 37 3.5 下垂控制法 38 3.5.1 L型換流器 40 3.5.2 C型換流器 43 3.5.3 R型換流器 46 第四章 電路與數位控制設計 51 4.1 電路規格與元件設計 51 4.1.1 輸出電感設計 52 4.1.2 濾波電容設計 56 4.1.3 功率開關選用 57 4.2 數位控制 58 4.2.1 數位控制器 58 4.2.2 三相換流器之數學模型 59 4.2.3 相序分離 61 4.2.4 鎖相迴路 68 4.2.5 下垂係數設計 69 4.2.6 控制流程 71 第五章 模擬與實驗結果 74 5.1 模擬單臺三相四臂T型式換流器 74 5.1.1 平衡負載測試 74 5.1.2 不平衡負載測試 75 5.2 模擬並聯三相四臂T型式換流器 76 5.2.1 平衡負載測試 76 5.2.2 不平衡負載測試 77 5.3 實測單臺三相四臂T型式換流器 78 5.3.1 平衡負載測試 78 5.3.2 不平衡負載測試 79 5.4 實測並聯三相四臂T型式換流器 81 5.4.1 平衡負載測試 81 5.4.2 不平衡負載測試 85 第六章 結論與未來展望 93 6.1 結論 93 6.2 未來展望 93 參考文獻 94

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