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研究生: 黃明偉
Ming-wei Huang
論文名稱: 內建式GPS天線之特性及效能分析
Properites and Performance of Built-in GPS Antennas
指導教授: 楊成發
Chang-fa Yang
口試委員: 馬自莊
Tzyh-ghuang Ma
廖文照
Wen-jiao Liao
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 電資學院 - 電機工程系
Department of Electrical Engineering
論文出版年: 2007
畢業學年度: 95
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 93
中文關鍵詞: 微型晶片天Patch陶瓷天線內建式GPS天線
外文關鍵詞: chip antenna, patch ceramics antenna, Built-in GPS Antennas
相關次數: 點閱:295下載:10
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摘 要

本論文探討微型晶片天線與Patch陶瓷天線的設計與應用上之場型變化,並研究如何調整場型與天線感度,其中主要是針對GPS(1575MHz)微型晶片天與Patch陶瓷天線在實際使用上,3D場型之比較。在設計的部份有三個歩驟:(1)應用電磁數值模擬軟體來建立微型晶片天線與Patch陶瓷天線單體架構與整機架構,並模擬天線單體於整機使用時之3D場型差異與特性變化(2)實測微型晶片與Patch陶瓷天線之3D場型,並比較模擬與量測之結果,以驗證天線設計的正確性與設計上需考量的要點。

至於在晶片天線製造部份,則是採用嵌入式射出成型技術,其作法為:先將天線導體線路製作於基板上,再使用介電複合材料以嵌入式射出成型封裝,最後將晶片天線個體以鑽石機切割取下,如此即完成微型晶片天線之製作。

至於Patch陶瓷天線製造部份,則是採用低溫共燒陶瓷技術,此為多層陶瓷堆疊技術的一種,因為陶瓷材料具有高介電與低損秏的特性,所以低溫共燒陶瓷技術被引用到天線開發製程。使用低溫燒結的陶瓷材料再加上厚膜印刷技術即發展出低溫共燒陶瓷技術,此製程較為繁瑣,其中輻射導體線路是以導電材料平面印刷於陶瓷基板生胚體之上,再於相鄰之兩層基板間,相對應之線路端分別製作相連的貫穿孔,透過網板印刷來填滿貫穿孔以連結上下兩層線路,達到想要完成的天線立體結構。


Abstract

This thesis discuss about the electromagnetic field variation of design and application with miniature chip antenna and patch ceramics antenna, and studies how to adjust the field pattern and the antenna sensitivity, mainly aims at the GPS (1575MHz) miniature chip antenna and patch ceramics antenna, then compared the 3D field pattern in reality application. There are 3 steps at designing: (1) Use electromagnetic numerical simulate software to construct the structure of miniature chip antenna and patch ceramic antenna, and simulate the variation of 3D field pattern and characteristics while it used by single antenna and complete device. (2) Test 3D field pattern of miniature chip and patch ceramic antenna, and then compares the result of simulation and measurement, confirms the accuracy of antenna designing and major point of designing.

Regarding manufacture of chip antenna, it uses the technology of embedded Insert Molding, the method is: Build the circuit of antenna conductor on mother board, then uses the multiple dielectric material, packaged by embedded Insert Molding, and then cuts the individual chip antenna by diamond cutter, finally completes the manufacture of miniature chip antenna.

Regarding patch antenna, it uses low temperature burning ceramic technology, one of multi-layered ceramics piling technology. Because the ceramic material has characteristics with high dielectric and low abrasion, therefore the technology of low temperature burning ceramic has been quoted to the procedure of antenna development. Additionally, the heavy film printing technological develop into technology of low temperature burning ceramic, it takes complicated procedure. In this procedure, the circuit of radiate conductor is printed on ceramic substrate Green Sample with conductible materials, between 2 layers of mother board, drill the connecting aperture for indicated circuit, use halftone printing to fill the aperture to connect the closed 2 layers, achieve 3D antenna structure by intending.

Key word: chip antenna, patch ceramics antenna, embedded Insert Molding

目錄 第一章 緒論................................................. 1 1.1 研究背景............................................ 1 1.2 分析探討之目的: .................................... 1 1.3 論文大綱: .......................................... 2 第二章 GPS 系統介紹......................................... 3 2.1 GPS 整體架構........................................ 3 2.2 GPS 原理概論........................................ 4 2.3 GPS 定位原理........................................ 4 2.4 GPS 的應用範圍...................................... 6 2.4.1 GPS 應用於導航.................................. 6 2.4.2 GPS 應用於時間校準.............................. 6 2.4.3 GPS 應用於高精度測量............................ 7 第三章 GPS 天線介紹......................................... 8 3.1 螺旋式GPS 天線(HELICAL GPS ANTENNA)............... 9 3.2 陶瓷片型GPS 天線(PATCH GPS ANTENNA) ............. 10 3.3 晶片式GPS 天線(CHIP GPS ANTENNA) ................ 11 第四章 晶片型GPS 天線...................................... 12 4.1 晶片式GPS 天線之設計架構與製造方式................. 12 4.2 微型晶片式GPS 天線之設計........................... 14 第五章 PATCH 陶瓷天線...................................... 16 5.1 PATCH 陶瓷天線設計架構............................. 16 5.2 空腔模型理論(CAVITY MODEL THEOREM) ................ 18 5.3 矩形微帶天線設計與分析............................. 23 第六章 晶片型GPS 天線之模擬與實測.......................... 25 6.1 GPS 晶片天線之分析................................. 25 6.1.1 晶片天線D 之模擬與實測分析............. 27 6.1.2 晶片天線模組之模擬與實測分析................... 31 6.1.3 晶片天線模組裝置在系統之模擬與實測分析......... 35 6.2 整機場型改善方法................................... 39 6.2.1 整機場型改善方法一............................. 39 6.2.2 整機場型改善方法二............................. 43 6.3 晶片天線之應用效果改善分析......................... 46 第七章 PACTH 陶瓷天線模擬與實測............................ 47 7.1 內建式PATCH 陶瓷天線之摸擬與實測................... 49 7.1.1 晶片天線DEMOBOARD 之模擬與實測分析............. 49 7.1.2 晶片天線模組之模擬與實測分析................... 52 7.1.3 晶片天線模組裝置在系統之模擬與實測分析......... 56 7.2 整機場型改善方法................................... 59 7.2.1 整機場型改善方法一............................. 59 7.2.2 整機場型改善方法二............................. 63 7.3 晶片天線之應用效果改善分析......................... 67 第八章 晶片天線與PATCH 陶瓷天線............................ 68 8.1 低溫共燒陶瓷(LTCC)製程簡介......................... 69 8.2 嵌入式射出成型製程簡介............................. 71 8.3 晶片天線與陶瓷天線在製程上的比較................... 73 第九章 GPS 晶片天線與PATCH 天線在功能性上之比較............ 75 第十章 結論................................................ 78 10.1 總結.............................................. 78 10.2 具體成果.......................................... 79 10.3 未來研究與發展方向................................ 80 參考文獻................................................... 81

參考文獻
[1] Ansoft Corporation, Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator
(Ansoft HFSS).
[2] HFSS, User’s manual, Ansoft Corp, USA.
[3] John D. Kraus, Ronald J. Marhefka, Antennas For All Application,
Mc Graw Hill, 2002.
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Wiley, 1998.
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[6] 方智逸,「晶片天線之設計」,國立台灣科技大學 電機工程學系碩士論文,中華民國九十三年七月。
[7] 張立昇,「無線通訊微型晶片天線之設計」,國立台灣科技大學 電機工程學系碩士論文,中華民國九十四年七月。
[8] 陳彥明,「微型晶片天線與陣列天線之研究」,國立台灣科技大學 電機工程學系碩士論文,中華民國九十五年七月。

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