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研究生: 曾靜萱
CHING-HSUAN TSENG
論文名稱: 內隱自我對向上比較之影響—以學習謙虛為調節
The Influence of Entity and Incremental theories on Upward Comparison: the Moderating Effect of Learning Modesty
指導教授: 吳克振
Cou-Chen Wu
口試委員: 張順教
Shun-Chiao Chang
邢姍姍
San-San Hsing
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 管理學院 - 企業管理系
Department of Business Administration
論文出版年: 2020
畢業學年度: 108
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 60
中文關鍵詞: 固定觀增長觀社會比較理論向上同化向上對比自我滿意度
外文關鍵詞: Entity, Incremental, Social comparison theories, Upward assimilation, Upward comparison, Self-satisfaction
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  • 社群平台隨著時代發展,已經不只是人們相互聯繫的管道,更是個人展現自己的平台。人們越來越頻繁地分享、曝光生活,也因此增加了人們的比較行為。本研究探討不同內隱自我特質,在比較環境中以「學習謙虛」為調節,善用比較效果的益處,獲得激勵和啟發,而避免產生壓力、焦慮的情緒影響。研究一中,內隱自我中的固定觀點者相較增長觀點者,較會進行向上對比的動作。而向上同化的效果,兩者無顯著差異。並且,向上同化產生正面情緒,與自我滿意度呈正相關;向上對比產生負面情緒,與自我滿意度呈負相關。接著,研究二證明,學習謙虛對不同人格的向上比較皆具有相同方向的調節效果,能帶來向上同化的顯著提升及向上對比的減弱。因此,學習謙虛的特質可以「同化」的態度來取代人和人之間的相互對比行為,彼此形成良性競爭。


    As times went by, social media platforms are not only a channel for people to connect with each other, but also a platform for individuals to show themselves. More and more people are sharing their lives through social media, which results in increasing the comparisons between people. The purpose of this study is to find out how different implicit self-traits react in an upward comparative environment, and we also take the moderating effect of learning modesty into the discussion. We want to provide a way to utilize the benefits of comparative behavior, including to obtain motivation and inspiration, and to avoid the influence of stress and anxiety. In Study1, people with an entity view were more likely to have an upward comparison than people with an incremental view. However, there was no significant difference in the effect of upward assimilation. In addition, upward assimilation came with positive emotions, which are positively correlated with self-satisfaction, and the negative emotions came by upward comparison were negatively correlated with self-satisfaction. Then, Study2 proves that learning modesty has a moderating effect on the upward comparison of both implicit self-traits. This brings out the results of the significant enhancing of upward assimilation effect and the weakening effect of upward comparison. Therefore, when people had the trait of learning modesty, they can mostly replace the influence of upward comparison with upward assimilation. Finally, this can be result in good competition between people.

    目錄 摘要 II Abstract III 謝誌 IV 圖目錄 VII 表目錄 VIII 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 研究目的 2 第三節 研究流程 2 第二章 文獻回顧與探討 4 第一節 內隱自我理論 4 第二節 社會比較理論 5 第三節 自我滿意度 6 第四節 學習謙虛 7 第三章 內隱自我、向上比較與自我滿意度之關係 9 第一節 研究假設與架構 9 第二節 實驗設計 10 第一項 實驗流程與問卷設計 10 第二項 量表及文本編制 10 第三項 前測 14 第三節 研究結果 14 第一項 敘述性統計分析 14 第二項 信、效度分析 15 第三項 皮爾森相關分析 17 第四項 內隱自我、向上比較與自我滿意度之關係 19 第四節 討論 20 第四章 以學習謙虛為調節變項之影響 23 第一節 研究假設與架構 23 第二節 實驗設計 24 第一項 實驗流程與問卷設計 24 第二項 量表及文本編制 24 第三項 前測 26 第三節 研究結果 27 第一項 敘述性統計分析 27 第二項 信、效度分析 28 第三項 皮爾森相關分析 31 第四項 內隱自我與向上同化之關係 32 第五項 學習謙虛之調節效果分析 33 第四節 討論 36 第五章 結論與建議 38 第一節 研究結果 38 第二節 管理意涵 40 第三節 研究限制與建議 41 參考文獻 43 附錄 47

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