銀髮族在生活用品上的需求有別於其他年齡層，在邁入高齡化社會的台灣，為銀髮族設計之相關產品也開始蓬勃發展；本研究之主要目的乃檢視市售為銀髮族設計之指甲刀後，重新設計並再加以驗證。

第一階段前期研究透過觀察和訪談，評估市售五款專為銀髮族設計之指甲刀，第二階段透過實驗發現市售標榜為銀髮族所設計，放大鏡指甲刀、斜口和旋轉刀頭之指甲刀，並未受到高齡者的青睞。用人因工程、通用設計觀點檢視後；發現高齡者偏好施力感輕、銳利度高、握持感佳的指甲刀，且本研究高齡者以非慣用手持指甲刀修剪另一手指甲時，普遍握持施力不穩、甚至發現晃動的情況；經由現有產品測試實驗問卷和訪談內容，本研究歸納出設計重點:(1)省力(2)銳利(3)握持穩定性(4)舒適性(5)左右手通用性。

第三階段為重新設計指甲刀，新式指甲刀(SNAIL)具有可旋轉之輔助指環，在修剪指甲不斷變換的動作下，提供手部倚靠的支點增加穩定性，減少握持和按壓時造成之晃動，降低高齡者使用之負擔，握柄表面鋪以橡膠增加止滑性，並可減少手部按壓時產生之不適，經由年輕族群和銀髮族實驗後，結果發現新式指甲刀在左右手的使用上，比起市售指甲刀具有更佳的施力感、握持性、舒適度、滿意度和左右手通用性，增加了高齡者使用指甲刀修剪手指甲的成效，但是在修剪腳趾甲上並未獲得預期之良好效果。

The seniors’ need for daily necessities is different from other ages. In Taiwan, where the society is becoming an aging one, the products especially designed for the seniors are beginning to thrive. The purpose of this study is to re-design the clippers for the seniors and verify after reviewing the ones in market.

Through observation and interviews, the early stages of the study’s first period evaluated 5 clippers in the market claimed to be especially designed for the seniors. During second period of the study, via experiments, magnifying nail clippers, slant nail clippers, and nail clippers with rotary bit – the ones for the seniors – are found to be not favorable to the users. From the point of view of human factor engineering as well as universal design, it is found that the seniors prefer the clippers with enough sharpness, require less effort, and good to be held. Furthermore, the study identified that the seniors are found to be not only unstable but even shaking while holding and pressing the clippers with non-dominant hand. With the experimental questionnaire of existing products and interviews, below key points for design are generalized: (1) effort -saving, (2) sharp (3) stable for holding (4) comfortable (5) interchangeable for both hands.

The third stage is to re-design the nail clippers. SNAIL has auxiliary finger ring which is able to rotate. During the changing motions of clipping nails, the auxiliary finger ring decreases the seniors’ effort by providing a support point for the hand to increase stability, reduces the shaking resulted from holding and pressing the clippers. The handle is surfaced with rubber to provide more slip-resistance. The result recognized the fact that comparing to the nail clippers in market, SNAIL is better on the feeling of effort, holding, comfort, satisfaction as well as usefulness for both hands. Therefore, the efficiency of the seniors’ clipping their finger nails with nail clippers are promoted. However, the promotion on efficiency was not found on clipping toe nails.

英文部分

1. Carhart, C., Ciechowski, R., Groat, D., & Stevans, A. (2008). Development of a one-handed nail clipper for stroke survivors. Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, 15(2), 156-159.
2. George, A. O., & Oni, A. A. (2002). The use of razor blades, nail clippers and other tools for nail cutting. Tropical Doctor, 32(2), 100-101.
3. K. Haruhiko, A. Yoko., & Y. Shunichi. (2005). Working towards universal design. NTT Technical Review, 3(11), 12-16.
4. J. T. Jiang. (2003). Analysis of universal design products. Art & Design, 118(2): 92-93.
5. Wirth, L. (1963). Plastic transparent lid to improve the use of nail clippers. Military Surgeon, 113(6), 483.

中文部分

1. Oliver,H.(2010)。通用設計無障礙生活的解決方案 (林秋芬譯)。台北縣:龍溪圖書。
2. 中川聰(2006)。通用設計教科書(張旭晴譯)。台北市:龍溪圖書。
3. 李開偉(2003)。實用人因工程學。台北市:全華圖書。
4. 張一岑(1998)。人因工程學。台北市:揚智文化。
5. 江俊賢(2006)。高齡化社會之文具設計-以釘書機為例。未出版之碩士論文，雲林科技大學工業設計系碩士班，雲林。
6. 王珮軒(2010)。以通用設計探討中高齡操作採血筆介面及產品設計之研究。未出版之碩士論文，大同大學工業設計系所，台北。
7. 劉洪才(2007)。非動力手工具導入人因改善之研究-以製造業手持壓板為例。未出版之碩士論文，國立台灣科技大學，台北。
8. 郭辰嘉(2001)。高齡化社會居家生活產品設計之研究。未出版之碩士論文，雲林科技大學工業設計系碩士班，雲林。
9. 沙依仁(1996)。高齡學。台北市: 五南圖書。
10. 錡信堯(2004)。手工具設計開發與人因評估-以螺絲起子為例。未出版之碩士論文，國立清華大學工業工程與工程管理系，新竹。
11. 余虹儀(2008)。愛，通用設計：充滿愛與關懷的設計概念。台北市:大塊文化。
12. 黃翠華(1999)。握持姿勢、握持物體重量對握力之影響。未出版之碩士論文，中華大學工業工程與管理研究所，新竹。
13. 陳松林(1993)。單指與雙指最大屈力之生物力學分析。未出版之碩士論文，國立台灣科技大學管理技術研究所，台北。
14. 沈柄蒼(2005)。從通用設計的觀點探討中式炒鍋之研究。未出版之碩士論文，雲林科技大學工業設計系碩士班，雲林。

網路參考資料
1. 行政院主計處。上網日期:2011,10,21。網址:
http://www.dgbas.gov.tw/mp.asp?mp=1